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Nanomaterials
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Biomimetic Nanomaterials
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Biomimetic Nanomaterials

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Synthesis, Interfaces and Nanostructures".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (18 December 2021) | Viewed by 15472

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Francesco Filippini

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Guest Editor
Synthetic Biology and Biotechnology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
Interests: pandemic viruses; vaccines; synthetic biology and biotechnology; motif identification; protein engineering; biocatalysis; bioremediation; neurodevelopment and neurological disorders; biomimetics and regenerative medicine; subcellular trafficking
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Xiangdong Kong

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
Interests: biomimetic materials; nanocarriers for drug delivery; gene therapy; tissue engineering; regenerative medicine; organoid based drug evaluation
Prof. Dr. Xianghui Xu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacy, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
Interests: biomimetic nanomaterials and nanomedicine; peptide-based drug design; biomacromolecular drugs and targeted delivery; advanced anticancer theranostics; polymeric hydrogels and tissue engineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The past five decades have seen studies in biology, biotechnology, pharmacology and medicine focusing on genetic and epigenetic determinants and, in the most recent years, the overall approach has moved towards a genome/proteome-wide scale. However, it has become more and more evident that both micro and macro environmental signals play a pivotal role in co-regulating cell fate and differentiation, tissue and organ development, thus being involved in physiological pathways and—when impaired—in the mechanisms underlying diseases. Cells are able to sense the nano-topographical features of the substrate they are growing in/on, and a huge number of biochemical cues are involved in the fine-tuning of their differentiation and migration. Tissue development and shaping are driven—in addition to genetic signals—by a complex environmental code consisting of attractive/repulsive interactions leading to signaling cascades and cross-talk. Therefore, developing biomimetic signals is of great help in both (i) basic science studies aimed at elucidating, by fine dissection of motifs and functions, molecular and cellular pathways; and (ii) applied science projects providing humans with enhanced tools for theranostics and drug delivery, regenerative medicine and vaccine development, bioremediation and green chemistry. Nanomaterials are the elective starting point for biomimetics because of their nano-scale and evidence that they can be combined in various formulations to improve and better mimic natural features, providing the scientists with reliable tools for synthetic biology and nanotechnology approaches to basic and translational research.   

This Special Issue will attempt to cover recent advances in the design and use of biomimetic nanomaterials in multiple fields of application, e.g. the development of biomimetic scaffolds for regenerative medicine, nanomaterial-based biosensors and antimicrobials, biomimetic nanoparticle vaccines and nano-carriers for drug delivery, including front-end approaches to bioremediation and green chemistry. We welcome submissions of both original research papers and reviews on this topic. 

Prof. Dr. Francesco Filippini
Prof. Dr. Xiangdong Kong
Prof. Dr. Xianghui Xu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biomimetic scaffolds and regenerative medicine
  • biomimetic nano-carriers and drug delivery
  • biomimetic materials in theranostics
  • nanomaterial-based biosensors
  • nanomaterials and bioimaging
  • antimicrobial nanomaterials
  • biomimetic nanoparticle vaccines
  • nanomaterials and biocatalysis

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 6667 KiB  
Article
The Ability and Mechanism of nHAC/CGF in Promoting Osteogenesis and Repairing Mandibular Defects
by Yuhe Zhu, Nanjue Cao, Yue Zhang, Guangxiu Cao, Chunping Hao, Keda Liu, Xiaoming Li and Wei Wang
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(2), 212; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano12020212 - 10 Jan 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 1739
Abstract
Nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen (nHAC) is a new type of bone tissue engineering scaffold material. To speed up the new bone formation of nHAC, this study used concentrated growth factor (CGF) and nHAC in combination to repair rabbit mandibular defects. nHAC/CGF and nHAC were implanted into [...] Read more.
Nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen (nHAC) is a new type of bone tissue engineering scaffold material. To speed up the new bone formation of nHAC, this study used concentrated growth factor (CGF) and nHAC in combination to repair rabbit mandibular defects. nHAC/CGF and nHAC were implanted into rabbit mandibles, and X-ray, Micro-CT, HE and Masson staining, immunohistochemical staining and biomechanical testing were performed at 8, 16 and 24 weeks after surgery. The results showed that as the material degraded, the rate of new bone formation in the nHAC/CGF group was better than that in the nHAC group. The results of the HE and Masson staining showed that the bone continuity or maturity of the nHAC/CGF group was better than that of the nHAC group. Immunohistochemical staining showed that OCN expression gradually increased with time. The nHAC/CGF group showed significantly higher BMP2 than the nHAC group at 8 weeks and the difference gradually decreased with time. The biomechanical test showed that the compressive strength and elastic modulus of the nHAC/CGF group were higher than those of the nHAC group. The results suggest that nHAC/CGF materials can promote new bone formation, providing new ideas for the application of bone tissue engineering scaffold materials in oral clinics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomimetic Nanomaterials)
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17 pages, 19044 KiB  
Article
Bio-Inspired Design of Bi/Tridirectionally Anisotropic Sliding Superhydrophobic Titanium Alloy Surfaces
by Jinkai Xu, Yonggang Hou, Zhongxu Lian, Zhanjiang Yu, Zuobin Wang and Huadong Yu
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(11), 2140; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano10112140 - 27 Oct 2020
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 2147
Abstract
Many biological surfaces with the multi-scale microstructure show obvious anisotropic wetting characteristics, which have many potential applications in microfluidic systems, biomedicine, and biological excitation systems. However, it is still a challenge to accurately prepare a metal microstructured surface with multidirectional anisotropy using a [...] Read more.
Many biological surfaces with the multi-scale microstructure show obvious anisotropic wetting characteristics, which have many potential applications in microfluidic systems, biomedicine, and biological excitation systems. However, it is still a challenge to accurately prepare a metal microstructured surface with multidirectional anisotropy using a simple but effective method. In this paper, inspired by the microstructures of rice leaves and butterfly wings, wire electrical discharge machining was used to build dual-level (submillimeter/micrometer) periodic groove structures on the surface of titanium alloy, and then a nanometer structure was obtained after alkali-hydrothermal reaction, forming a three-level (submillimeter/micrometer/nanometer) structure. The surface shows the obvious difference of bidirectional superhydrophobic and tridirectional anisotropic sliding after modification, and the special wettability is easily adjusted by changing the spacing and angle of the inclined groove. In addition, the results indicate that the ability of water droplets to spread along parallel and perpendicular directions on the submillimeter groove structure and the different resistances generated by the inclined groove surface are the main reasons for the multi-anisotropic wettability. The research gives insights into the potential applications of metal materials with multidirectional anisotropic wetting properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomimetic Nanomaterials)
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13 pages, 2113 KiB  
Article
Commitment of Autologous Human Multipotent Stem Cells on Biomimetic Poly-L-Lactic Acid-Based Scaffolds Is Strongly Influenced by Structure and Concentration of Carbon Nanomaterial
by Marika Tonellato, Monica Piccione, Matteo Gasparotto, Pietro Bellet, Lucia Tibaudo, Nicola Vicentini, Elisabetta Bergantino, Enzo Menna, Libero Vitiello, Rosa Di Liddo and Francesco Filippini
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(3), 415; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano10030415 - 27 Feb 2020
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2952
Abstract
Nanocomposite scaffolds combining carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) with a biocompatible matrix are able to favor the neuronal differentiation and growth of a number of cell types, because they mimic neural-tissue nanotopography and/or conductivity. We performed comparative analysis of biomimetic scaffolds with poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) [...] Read more.
Nanocomposite scaffolds combining carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) with a biocompatible matrix are able to favor the neuronal differentiation and growth of a number of cell types, because they mimic neural-tissue nanotopography and/or conductivity. We performed comparative analysis of biomimetic scaffolds with poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) matrix and three different p-methoxyphenyl functionalized carbon nanofillers, namely, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon nanohorns (CNHs), and reduced graphene oxide (RGO), dispersed at varying concentrations. qRT-PCR analysis of the modulation of neuronal markers in human circulating multipotent cells cultured on nanocomposite scaffolds showed high variability in their expression patterns depending on the scaffolds’ inhomogeneities. Local stimuli variation could result in a multi- to oligopotency shift and commitment towards multiple cell lineages, which was assessed by the qRT-PCR profiling of markers for neural, adipogenic, and myogenic cell lineages. Less conductive scaffolds, i.e., bare poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA)-, CNH-, and RGO-based nanocomposites, appeared to boost the expression of myogenic-lineage marker genes. Moreover, scaffolds are much more effective on early commitment than in subsequent differentiation. This work suggests that biomimetic PLLA carbon-nanomaterial (PLLA-CNM) scaffolds combined with multipotent autologous cells can represent a powerful tool in the regenerative medicine of multiple tissue types, opening the route to next analyses with specific and standardized scaffold features. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomimetic Nanomaterials)
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17 pages, 4103 KiB  
Article
Mimicking the Annulus Fibrosus Using Electrospun Polyester Blended Scaffolds
by Alyah H. Shamsah, Sarah H. Cartmell, Stephen M. Richardson and Lucy A. Bosworth
Nanomaterials 2019, 9(4), 537; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano9040537 - 03 Apr 2019
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 4509
Abstract
Treatments to alleviate chronic lower back pain, caused by intervertebral disc herniation as a consequence of degenerate annulus fibrosus (AF) tissue, fail to provide long-term relief and do not restore tissue structure or function. This study aims to mimic the architecture and mechanical [...] Read more.
Treatments to alleviate chronic lower back pain, caused by intervertebral disc herniation as a consequence of degenerate annulus fibrosus (AF) tissue, fail to provide long-term relief and do not restore tissue structure or function. This study aims to mimic the architecture and mechanical environment of AF tissue using electrospun fiber scaffolds made from synthetic biopolymers-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and poly(L-lactic) acid (PLLA). Pure polymer and their blends (PCL%:PLLA%; 80:20, 50:50, and 20:80) are studied and material properties-fiber diameter, alignment, % crystallinity, tensile strength, and water contact angle-characterized. Tensile properties of fibers angled at 0°, 30°, and 60° (single layer scaffolds), and ±0°, ±30°, and ±60° (bilayer scaffolds) yield significant differences, with PCL being significantly stiffer with the addition of PLLA, and bilayer scaffolds considerably stronger. Findings suggest PCL:PLLA 50:50 fibers are similar to human AF properties. Furthermore, in vitro culture of AF cells on 50:50 fibers demonstrates attachment and proliferation over seven days. The optimal polymer composition for production of scaffolds that closely mimic AF tissue both structurally, mechanically, and which also support and guide favorable cell phenotype is identified. This study takes a step closer towards successful AF tissue engineering and a long-term treatment for sufferers of chronic back pain. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomimetic Nanomaterials)
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Review

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17 pages, 2501 KiB  
Review
Self-Assembled Peptide Nanostructures for ECM Biomimicry
by Davide Marin and Silvia Marchesan
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(13), 2147; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano12132147 - 22 Jun 2022
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 2798
Abstract
Proteins are functional building blocks of living organisms that exert a wide variety of functions, but their synthesis and industrial production can be cumbersome and expensive. By contrast, short peptides are very convenient to prepare at a low cost on a large scale, [...] Read more.
Proteins are functional building blocks of living organisms that exert a wide variety of functions, but their synthesis and industrial production can be cumbersome and expensive. By contrast, short peptides are very convenient to prepare at a low cost on a large scale, and their self-assembly into nanostructures and gels is a popular avenue for protein biomimicry. In this Review, we will analyze the last 5-year progress on the incorporation of bioactive motifs into self-assembling peptides to mimic functional proteins of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and guide cell fate inside hydrogel scaffolds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomimetic Nanomaterials)
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