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Advanced Noble Metal Nanoparticles
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Advanced Noble Metal Nanoparticles

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Synthesis, Interfaces and Nanostructures".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2021) | Viewed by 42713

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Angelo Maria Taglietti

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
Interests: antibacterial nanomaterials and surfaces; anisotropic noble metal nanoparticles for functionalization and application to biomedical and sensing problems and use in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS); theranostic devices; supramolecular chemistry; transition metal complexes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nobel metal nanoparticles are one of the most widely used classes of nanomaterials, due to the large range of unique peculiarities. Their intrinsic stability and biocompatibility, merged with optical, electromagnetic, and catalytic properties, have paved to way to an amazing variety of applications. Their shape, size, and surface characteristics can be varied using a plethora of different approaches, allowing the modulation of properties (for example the localized surface plasmon resonance, LSPR), and, most importantly, the introduction of several advanced functions, so that today, these nano-objects deserve a preeminent position in the nanotechnology toolbox.

This Special Issue will accept outstanding contributions on systems based on noble metal nanoparticles possessing advanced functions, covering areas ranging from chemistry to biology, materials science, pharmacology, and nanomedicine, and hopefully reaching the widest audience possible. We will accept, after a solid peer review process, papers (original research or reviews) in which the use of these nano-objects is planned and demonstrated on solid experimental bases.

As a non-exhaustive list of subjects and applications of interest, we can cite: catalysis, light harvesting and photocatalysis, core–shell and hybrid systems, antibacterial materials, drug delivery systems, theranostic devices, photothermal effects and photodynamic therapies, and sensing and imaging exploiting plasmonic features (LSPR and SERS).

Prof. Angelo Maria Taglietti
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Plasmonic nanoparticles
  • Theranostic devices
  • Nanomedicine
  • Photo-thermal effects
  • Biosensing
  • Sensing
  • Imaging
  • Surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
  • Silver nanoparticles
  • Gold nanoparticles
  • Platinum nanoparticles
  • Core–shell nanoparticles
  • Photocatalysis
  • Catalysis
  • Antibacterial nanoparticles

Published Papers (13 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 1169 KiB  
Article
Gold Nanostars Embedded in PDMS Films: A Photothermal Material for Antibacterial Applications
by Gemma Toci, Francesca Olgiati, Piersandro Pallavicini, Yuri Antonio Diaz Fernandez, Lorenzo De Vita, Giacomo Dacarro, Pietro Grisoli and Angelo Taglietti
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(12), 3252; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano11123252 - 30 Nov 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2455
Abstract
Bacteria infections and related biofilms growth on surfaces of medical devices are a serious threat to human health. Controlled hyperthermia caused by photothermal effects can be used to kill bacteria and counteract biofilms formation. Embedding of plasmonic nano-objects like gold nanostars (GNS), able [...] Read more.
Bacteria infections and related biofilms growth on surfaces of medical devices are a serious threat to human health. Controlled hyperthermia caused by photothermal effects can be used to kill bacteria and counteract biofilms formation. Embedding of plasmonic nano-objects like gold nanostars (GNS), able to give an intense photothermal effect when irradiated in the NIR, can be a smart way to functionalize a transparent and biocompatible material like polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). This process enables bacteria destruction on surfaces of PDMS-made medical surfaces, an action which, in principle, can also be exploited in subcutaneous devices. We prepared stable and reproducible thin PDMS films containing controllable quantities of GNS, enabling a temperature increase that can reach more than 40 degrees. The hyperthermia exerted by this hybrid material generates an effective thermal microbicidal effect, killing bacteria with a near infrared (NIR) laser source with irradiance values that are safe for skin. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Noble Metal Nanoparticles)
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15 pages, 4651 KiB  
Article
A Novel Self-Assembly Strategy for the Fabrication of Nano-Hybrid Satellite Materials with Plasmonically Enhanced Catalytic Activity
by Gareth Morris, Ioritz Sorzabal-Bellido, Matthew Bilton, Karl Dawson, Fiona McBride, Rasmita Raval, Frank Jäckel and Yuri A. Diaz Fernandez
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(6), 1580; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano11061580 - 16 Jun 2021
Viewed by 2412
Abstract
The generation of hydrogen from water using light is currently one of the most promising alternative energy sources for humankind but faces significant barriers for large-scale applications due to the low efficiency of existing photo-catalysts. In this work we propose a new route [...] Read more.
The generation of hydrogen from water using light is currently one of the most promising alternative energy sources for humankind but faces significant barriers for large-scale applications due to the low efficiency of existing photo-catalysts. In this work we propose a new route to fabricate nano-hybrid materials able to deliver enhanced photo-catalytic hydrogen evolution, combining within the same nanostructure, a plasmonic antenna nanoparticle and semiconductor quantum dots (QDs). For each stage of our fabrication process we probed the chemical composition of the materials with nanometric spatial resolution, allowing us to demonstrate that the final product is composed of a silver nanoparticle (AgNP) plasmonic core, surrounded by satellite Pt decorated CdS QDs (CdS@Pt), separated by a spacer layer of SiO2 with well-controlled thickness. This new type of photoactive nanomaterial is capable of generating hydrogen when irradiated with visible light, displaying efficiencies 300% higher than the constituting photo-active components. This work may open new avenues for the development of cleaner and more efficient energy sources based on photo-activated hydrogen generation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Noble Metal Nanoparticles)
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15 pages, 3470 KiB  
Article
Integrated Graphene Oxide with Noble Metal Nanoparticles to Develop High-Sensitivity Fiber Optic Particle Plasmon Resonance (FOPPR) Biosensor for Biomolecules Determination
by Chien-Hsing Chen, Chang-Yue Chiang, Chin-Wei Wu, Chien-Tsung Wang and Lai-Kwan Chau
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(3), 635; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano11030635 - 04 Mar 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2871
Abstract
In this research, a direct, simple and ultrasensitive fiber optic particle plasmon resonance (FOPPR) biosensing platform for immunoglobulin G (IgG) detection was developed using a gold nanoparticle/graphene oxide (AuNP/GO) composite as signal amplification element. To obtain the best analytical performance of the sensor, [...] Read more.
In this research, a direct, simple and ultrasensitive fiber optic particle plasmon resonance (FOPPR) biosensing platform for immunoglobulin G (IgG) detection was developed using a gold nanoparticle/graphene oxide (AuNP/GO) composite as signal amplification element. To obtain the best analytical performance of the sensor, experimental parameters including the surface concentration of GO on the AuNPs, formation time of the GO, the concentration of the anti-IgG and incubation time of anti-IgG were optimized. The calibration plots displayed a good linear relationship between the sensor response (ΔI/I0) and the logarithm of the analyte concentrations over a linear range from 1.0 × 10−10 to 1.0 × 10−6 g/mL of IgG under the optimum conditions. A limit of detection (LOD) of 0.038 ng/mL for IgG was calculated from the standard calibration curve. The plot has a linear relationship (correlation coefficient, R = 0.9990). The analytical performance of present work’s biosensor was better than that of our previously reported mixed self-assembled monolayer of 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid/6-mercapto-1-hexanol (MUA/MCH = 1:4) method by about three orders of magnitude. The achieved good sensitivity may be attributed to the synergistic effect between GO and AuNPs in this study. In addition, GO could immobilize more antibodies due to the abundant carboxylic groups on its surface. Furthermore, we also demonstrated that the results from this sensor have good reproducibility, with coefficients of variation (CVs) < 8% for IgG. Therefore, the present strategy provides a novel and convenient method for chemical and biochemical quantification and determination. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Noble Metal Nanoparticles)
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16 pages, 28595 KiB  
Article
PdAgPt Corner-Satellite Nanocrystals in Well-Controlled Morphologies and the Structure-Related Electrocatalytic Properties
by Hehe Qian, Jianzhou Wu, Yongsheng Guo and Wenjun Fang
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(2), 340; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano11020340 - 29 Jan 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2096
Abstract
The functions of heterogeneous metallic nanocrystals (HMNCs) can be undoubtedly tuned by controlling their morphologies and compositions. As a less-studied kind of HMNCs, corner-satellite multi-metallic nanocrystals (CSMNCs) have great research value in structure-related electrocatalytic performance. In this work, PdAgPt corner-satellite nanocrystals with well-controlled [...] Read more.
The functions of heterogeneous metallic nanocrystals (HMNCs) can be undoubtedly tuned by controlling their morphologies and compositions. As a less-studied kind of HMNCs, corner-satellite multi-metallic nanocrystals (CSMNCs) have great research value in structure-related electrocatalytic performance. In this work, PdAgPt corner-satellite nanocrystals with well-controlled morphologies and compositions have been developed by temperature regulation of a seed-mediated growth process. Through the seed-mediated growth, the morphology of PdAgPt products evolves from Pd@Ag cubes to PdAgPt corner-satellite cubes, and eventually to truncated hollow octahedra, as a result of the expansion of {111} facets in AgPt satellites. The growth of AgPt satellites exclusively on the corners of central cubes is realized with the joint help of Ag shell and moderate bromide, and hollow structures form only at higher reaction temperatures on account of galvanic displacement promoted by the Pd core. In view of the different performances of Pd and Pt toward formic acid oxidation (FAO), this structure-sensitive reaction is chosen to measure electrocatalytic properties of PdAgPt HMNCs. It is proven that PdAgPt CSMNCs display greatly improved activity toward FAO in direct oxidation pathway. In addition, with the help of AgPt heterogeneous shells, all PdAgPt HMNCs exhibit better durability than Pd cubes and commercial Pt. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Noble Metal Nanoparticles)
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11 pages, 4313 KiB  
Article
Bonding of Gold Nanoclusters on Graphene with and without Point Defects
by Theodoros Pavloudis, Joseph Kioseoglou and Richard E. Palmer
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(11), 2109; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano10112109 - 23 Oct 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2672
Abstract
Hybrid nanostructures of size-selected nanoparticles (NPs) and 2D materials exhibit striking physical and chemical properties and are attractive for many technology applications. A major issue for the performance of these applications is device stability. In this work, we investigate the bonding of cuboctahedral, [...] Read more.
Hybrid nanostructures of size-selected nanoparticles (NPs) and 2D materials exhibit striking physical and chemical properties and are attractive for many technology applications. A major issue for the performance of these applications is device stability. In this work, we investigate the bonding of cuboctahedral, decahedral and icosahedral Au NPs comprising 561 atoms on graphene sheets via 103-atom scale ab initio spin-polarized calculations. Two distinct cases we considered: (i) the Au NPs sit with their (111) facets on graphene and (ii) the NPs are oriented with a vertex on graphene. In both cases, we compare the binding energies with and without a graphene vacancy under the NP. We find that in all cases, the presence of the graphene vacancy enhances the bonding of the NPs. Significantly, in the vertex-on-graphene case, the binding energy is considerably increased by several eVs and becomes similar to the (111) facet-on-graphene case. The strain in the NPs is found to be minimal and the displacement of the carbon atoms in the immediate neighborhood of the vacancy is on the 0.1 Å scale. The work suggests the creation of stable NP-graphene systems for a variety of electronic, chemical and photonic applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Noble Metal Nanoparticles)
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19 pages, 7176 KiB  
Article
Synthesis, Electrocatalytic and Gas Transport Characteristics of Pentagonally Structured Star-Shaped Nanocrystallites of Pd-Ag
by Iliya Petriev, Polina Pushankina, Ivan Lutsenko, Nikita Shostak and Mikhail Baryshev
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(10), 2081; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano10102081 - 21 Oct 2020
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 2300
Abstract
The method of synthesis of bimetallic Pd–Ag pentagonally structured catalyst “nanostar” on the surface of Pd-23%Ag alloy films has been developed. The resulting catalyst was studied as a highly active functional layer for methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) in alkaline media and the intensification [...] Read more.
The method of synthesis of bimetallic Pd–Ag pentagonally structured catalyst “nanostar” on the surface of Pd-23%Ag alloy films has been developed. The resulting catalyst was studied as a highly active functional layer for methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) in alkaline media and the intensification of hydrogen transport through the Pd-23%Ag membrane in the processes of hydrogen diffusion purification. A modifying layer with a controlled size, composition and excellent electrocatalytic activity was synthesized by electrochemical deposition at a reduced current density compared to classical methods. The low deposition rate affects the formation of pentagonally structured nanocrystallites, allowing Pd and Ag particles to form well-defined structures due to the properties of the surfactant used. Electrochemical studies have demonstrated that the catalyst synthesized by the “nanostar” method shows better electrocatalytic activity in relation to MOR and demonstrates a higher peak current (up to 17.82 µA cm−2) in comparison with one for the catalyst synthesized by the “nanoparticle” method (up to 10.66 µA cm−2) in a cyclic voltammetric study. The nanostar catalyst electrode releases the highest current density (0.25 µA cm−2) for MOR and demonstrates higher catalytic activity for the oxidation of possible intermediates such as sodium formate in MOR. In the processes of diffusion membrane purification of hydrogen, a multiple increase in the density of the penetrating flux of hydrogen through the membranes modified by the “nanostar” catalyst (up to 10.6 mmol s−1 m−2) was demonstrated in comparison with the membranes modified by the “nanoparticles” method (up to 4.49 mmol s−1 m−2). Research data may indicate that the properties of the developed pentagonally structured catalyst “nanostar” and its enhanced activity with respect to reactions involving hydrogen increase the desorption activity of the membrane, which ultimately accelerates the overall stepwise transfer of hydrogen across the membrane. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Noble Metal Nanoparticles)
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10 pages, 3853 KiB  
Article
Plasma-Assisted Synthesis of Platinum Nitride Nanoparticles under HPHT: Realized by Carbon-Encapsulated Ultrafine Pt Nanoparticles
by Jian Zhang, Lin Lin and Hang Cui
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(9), 1780; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano10091780 - 09 Sep 2020
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2327
Abstract
Noble metal nitrides (NMNs) have important theoretical significance and potential application prospects due to their high bulk modulus and remarkable electrical properties. However, NMNs can only be synthesized under extreme conditions of ultrahigh pressure and temperature, and nanoscaled NMNs have not been reported. [...] Read more.
Noble metal nitrides (NMNs) have important theoretical significance and potential application prospects due to their high bulk modulus and remarkable electrical properties. However, NMNs can only be synthesized under extreme conditions of ultrahigh pressure and temperature, and nanoscaled NMNs have not been reported. In this work, as typical NMNs, PtNx nanoparticles were synthesized at 5 GPa and 750 K by the method of plasma-assisted laser-heating diamond anvil cell. The significantly reduced synthesis condition benefited from the ingenious design of the precursor and the remarkable chemical activity of the ultrafine Pt nanoparticles. This study, combining nanomaterials with high-pressure and -temperature (HPHT) techniques, provides a novel process for the preparation of NMN nanomaterials, and a new direction for the synthesis of superhard materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Noble Metal Nanoparticles)
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8 pages, 1764 KiB  
Article
Chiral Separation of rac-Propylene Oxide on Penicillamine Coated Gold NPs
by Nisha Shukla, Zachary Blonder and Andrew J. Gellman
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(9), 1716; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano10091716 - 30 Aug 2020
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2568
Abstract
The surfaces of chemically synthesized spherical gold NPs (Au-NPs) have been modified using chiral L- or D-penicillamine (Pen) in order to impart enantioselective adsorption properties. These chiral Au-NPs have been used to demonstrate enantioselective adsorption of racemic propylene oxide (PO) from aqueous solution. [...] Read more.
The surfaces of chemically synthesized spherical gold NPs (Au-NPs) have been modified using chiral L- or D-penicillamine (Pen) in order to impart enantioselective adsorption properties. These chiral Au-NPs have been used to demonstrate enantioselective adsorption of racemic propylene oxide (PO) from aqueous solution. In the past we have studied enantioselective adsorption of racemic PO on L- or D-cysteine (Cys)-coated Au-NPs. This prior work suggested that adsorption of PO on Cys-coated Au-NPs equilibrates within an hour. In this work, we have studied the effect of time on the enantioselective adsorption of racemic PO from solution onto chiral Pen/Au-NPs. Enantioselective adsorption of PO on chiral Pen/Au-NPs is time-dependent but reaches a steady state after ~18 h at room temperature. More importantly, L- or D-Pen/Au-NPs are shown to adsorb R- or S-PO enantiospecifically and to separate the two PO enantiomers from racemic mixtures of RS-PO. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Noble Metal Nanoparticles)
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16 pages, 3933 KiB  
Article
Nanocomposite Sprayed Films with Photo-Thermal Properties for Remote Bacteria Eradication
by Mykola Borzenkov, Giuseppe Chirico, Piersandro Pallavicini, Paola Sperandeo, Alessandra Polissi, Giacomo Dacarro, Lavinia Doveri, Maddalena Collini, Laura Sironi, Margaux Bouzin and Laura D’Alfonso
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(4), 786; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano10040786 - 20 Apr 2020
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2644
Abstract
Currently there is a strong demand for novel protective materials with efficient antibacterial properties. Nanocomposite materials loaded with photo-thermally active nanoparticles can offer promising opportunities due to the local increase of temperature upon near-infrared (NIR) light exposure capable of eradicating bacteria. In this [...] Read more.
Currently there is a strong demand for novel protective materials with efficient antibacterial properties. Nanocomposite materials loaded with photo-thermally active nanoparticles can offer promising opportunities due to the local increase of temperature upon near-infrared (NIR) light exposure capable of eradicating bacteria. In this work, we fabricated antibacterial films obtained by spraying on glass slides aqueous solutions of polymers, containing highly photo-thermally active gold nanostars (GNS) or Prussian Blue (PB) nanoparticles. Under NIR light irradiation with low intensities (0.35 W/cm2) these films demonstrated a pronounced photo-thermal effect: ΔTmax up to 26.4 °C for the GNS-containing films and ΔTmax up to 45.8 °C for the PB-containing films. In the latter case, such a local temperature increase demonstrated a remarkable effect on a Gram-negative strain (P. aeruginosa) killing (84% of dead bacteria), and a promising effect on a Gram-positive strain (S. aureus) eradication (69% of dead bacteria). The fabricated films are promising prototypes for further development of lightweight surfaces with efficient antibacterial action that can be remotely activated on demand. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Noble Metal Nanoparticles)
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12 pages, 4887 KiB  
Article
Facile and Green Fabrication of Carrageenan-Silver Nanoparticles for Colorimetric Determination of Cu2+ and S2−
by Yesheng Wang, Xueyi Dong, Li Zhao, Yun Xue, Xihui Zhao, Qun Li and Yanzhi Xia
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(1), 83; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano10010083 - 01 Jan 2020
Cited by 41 | Viewed by 3954
Abstract
In the present work, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were prepared by a simple and green method using carrageenan as reducing and capping agent. The as-synthesized carrageenan-AgNPs was demonstrated as an effective duel colorimetric sensing for selective and sensitive recognition of Cu2+ and S [...] Read more.
In the present work, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were prepared by a simple and green method using carrageenan as reducing and capping agent. The as-synthesized carrageenan-AgNPs was demonstrated as an effective duel colorimetric sensing for selective and sensitive recognition of Cu2+ and S2−, which could be used to detect these ions with naked eyes. In addition, the possible sensing mechanism was that Cu2+ ions caused serious aggregation of carrageenan-AgNPs, which led to the color change of carrageenan-AgNPs. AgNPs were etched by S2− forming Ag2S, which played an important role in the determination of S2− ions. Furthermore, it has been successfully applied to the determination of Cu2+ and S2− in tap water and lake water, showing its great potential for the analysis of environmental water samples. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Noble Metal Nanoparticles)
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Review

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17 pages, 3799 KiB  
Review
Anisotropic Silver Nanomaterials by Photochemical Reactions: Synthesis and Applications
by Vittorio Scardaci
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(9), 2226; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano11092226 - 29 Aug 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2286
Abstract
Silver-based nanoparticles have attracted a broad interest due to their outstanding optical and chemical properties and have been studied for applications in many fields. While different synthetic routes have been explored, photochemical synthesis has attracted a special interest for its limited use of [...] Read more.
Silver-based nanoparticles have attracted a broad interest due to their outstanding optical and chemical properties and have been studied for applications in many fields. While different synthetic routes have been explored, photochemical synthesis has attracted a special interest for its limited use of chemicals and ease of control over the shape and size of the nanoparticles. This paper reviews the main factors affecting the synthesis of anisotropic silver nanoparticles, such as irradiation wavelength, pH, etc., and the role of specific key molecules, such as citrate. The paper is structured into different sections depending on how the synthesis is initiated; thus, after the introduction, the photochemical conversion reaction starting from nanoparticles, or seeds, obtained chemically, is covered, followed by reactions from nanoparticles obtained by laser ablation by seedless reactions. After that, the applications proposed for anisotropic nanoparticles obtained by the methods discussed in the previous sections are briefly covered and, finally, the conclusions and the author’s perspectives are given. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Noble Metal Nanoparticles)
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31 pages, 5049 KiB  
Review
Silver Nanoparticles as Carriers of Anticancer Drugs for Efficient Target Treatment of Cancer Cells
by Helena I. O. Gomes, Catarina S. M. Martins and João A. V. Prior
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(4), 964; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano11040964 - 09 Apr 2021
Cited by 110 | Viewed by 6180
Abstract
Since the last decade, nanotechnology has evolved rapidly and has been applied in several areas, such as medicine, pharmaceutical, microelectronics, aerospace, food industries, among others. The use of nanoparticles as drug carriers has been explored and presents several advantages, such as controlled and [...] Read more.
Since the last decade, nanotechnology has evolved rapidly and has been applied in several areas, such as medicine, pharmaceutical, microelectronics, aerospace, food industries, among others. The use of nanoparticles as drug carriers has been explored and presents several advantages, such as controlled and targeted release of loaded or coupled drugs, and the improvement of the drug’s bioavailability, in addition to others. However, they also have some limitations, related to their in vivo toxicity, which affects all organs including the healthy ones, and overall improvement in the disease treatment, which can be unnoticeable or minimal. Silver nanoparticles have been increasingly investigated due to their peculiar physical, chemical, and optical properties, which allows them to cover several applications, namely in the transport of drugs to a specific target in the body. Given the limitations of conventional cancer chemotherapy, which include low bioavailability and the consequent use of high doses that cause adverse effects, strategies that overcome these difficulties are extremely important. This review embraces an overview and presentation about silver nanoparticles used as anticancer drug carrier systems and focuses a discussion on the state of the art of silver nanoparticles exploited for transport of anticancer drugs and their influence on antitumor effects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Noble Metal Nanoparticles)
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28 pages, 3161 KiB  
Review
Gold Nanoparticles: Can They Be the Next Magic Bullet for Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria?
by Mohammad Okkeh, Nora Bloise, Elisa Restivo, Lorenzo De Vita, Piersandro Pallavicini and Livia Visai
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(2), 312; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano11020312 - 26 Jan 2021
Cited by 75 | Viewed by 6046
Abstract
In 2017 the World Health Organization (WHO) announced a list of the 12 multidrug-resistant (MDR) families of bacteria that pose the greatest threat to human health, and recommended that new measures should be taken to promote the development of new therapies against these [...] Read more.
In 2017 the World Health Organization (WHO) announced a list of the 12 multidrug-resistant (MDR) families of bacteria that pose the greatest threat to human health, and recommended that new measures should be taken to promote the development of new therapies against these superbugs. Few antibiotics have been developed in the last two decades. Part of this slow progression can be attributed to the surge in the resistance acquired by bacteria, which is holding back pharma companies from taking the risk to invest in new antibiotic entities. With limited antibiotic options and an escalating bacterial resistance there is an urgent need to explore alternative ways of meeting this global challenge. The field of medical nanotechnology has emerged as an innovative and a powerful tool for treating some of the most complicated health conditions. Different inorganic nanomaterials including gold, silver, and others have showed potential antibacterial efficacies. Interestingly, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have gained specific attention, due to their biocompatibility, ease of surface functionalization, and their optical properties. In this review, we will focus on the latest research, done in the field of antibacterial gold nanoparticles; by discussing the mechanisms of action, antibacterial efficacies, and future implementations of these innovative antibacterial systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Noble Metal Nanoparticles)
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