Astrophysical Tests of Modifications to the Symmetry of Special Relativity

A special issue of Symmetry (ISSN 2073-8994). This special issue belongs to the section "Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2022) | Viewed by 8142

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Theoretical Physics, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Theoretical Physics, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain

Special Issue Information

Dear colleagues,

The continuously increasing quantity of experimental data from cosmic messengers (gamma rays, cosmic rays, neutrinos, joined now by gravitational waves) that has become available in recent times, has allowed us to test deviations from special relativity at very high energies, as a possible phenomenological consequence of quantum gravity.

From the theory side, there are two different scenarios: a violation versus a deformation of special relativity. These scenarios produce different predictions with respect to the type and the magnitude of the possible effects: modification in particle reaction thresholds, new energy loss mechanisms, time delays in the propagation over cosmic distances, etc.

From the experimental side, the situation is rather intriguing, with a possible cutoff in the cosmic neutrino spectrum that could be explained by unstable neutrinos, or the strong bounds in photon time delays that are been recently challenged by the new analysis of a number of gamma ray bursts. The confirmation of the GZK cutoff of cosmic rays, which is a direct consequence of special relativity, also contains subtleties that are being examined at the moment. Finally, the detection of gravitational waves has provided the opportunity to search for modifications to special relativity in a new type of messenger and has also originated the beginning of a real multi-messenger astronomy.

In this Special Issue on the astrophysical tests of modifications to the symmetry of special relativity we welcome contributions on both theoretical and experimental aspects in this rapidly evolving field.

Prof. Dr.  Jose Luis Cortes
Prof. Dr. Jose Manuel Carmona
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • tests of special relativity
  • cosmic messengers
  • doubly special relativity
  • Lorentz invariance violation
  • standard model extension

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 278 KiB  
Article
Bounds on Relativistic Deformed Kinematics from the Physics of the Universe Transparency
by José Manuel Carmona, José Luis Cortés, Lucía Pereira and José Javier Relancio
Symmetry 2020, 12(8), 1298; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/sym12081298 - 04 Aug 2020
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 1970
Abstract
We analyze the kinematics of electron-positron production in a photon-photon interaction when one has a modification of the special relativistic kinematics as a power expansion in the inverse of a new high-energy scale. We derive the equation for the threshold energy of this [...] Read more.
We analyze the kinematics of electron-positron production in a photon-photon interaction when one has a modification of the special relativistic kinematics as a power expansion in the inverse of a new high-energy scale. We derive the equation for the threshold energy of this reaction to first order in this expansion, including the effects due to a modification of the energy-momentum conservation equation. In contrast with the Lorentz invariance violation case, a scale of the order of a few TeV is found to be compatible with the observations of very high-energy cosmic gamma rays in the case of a modification compatible with the relativity principle. Full article
9 pages, 236 KiB  
Article
A Noncommutative Model of Cosmology with Two Metrics
by Horacio Falomir, Jorge Gamboa and Fernando Mendez
Symmetry 2020, 12(3), 435; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/sym12030435 - 09 Mar 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2203
Abstract
We propose a bicosmology model which reduces to the classical analog of noncommutative quantum mechanics. From this point of view, one of the sources in the so modified Friedmann-Robertson- Walker equations is a kind of dark energy governed by a Chapligyn-like equation of [...] Read more.
We propose a bicosmology model which reduces to the classical analog of noncommutative quantum mechanics. From this point of view, one of the sources in the so modified Friedmann-Robertson- Walker equations is a kind of dark energy governed by a Chapligyn-like equation of state. The parameters of noncommutativity θ and B are interpreted in terms of the Planck area and a magnetic-like field, which presumably acts as a seed for magnetogenesis. Full article

Review

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10 pages, 267 KiB  
Review
Cosmic Neutrinos as a Window to Departures from Special Relativity
by José Manuel Carmona, José Luis Cortés, José Javier Relancio and Maykoll A. Reyes
Symmetry 2022, 14(7), 1326; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/sym14071326 - 27 Jun 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1379
Abstract
We review the peculiarities that make neutrinos very special cosmic messengers in high-energy astrophysics, and, in particular, to provide possible indications of deviations from special relativity, as it is suggested theoretically by quantum gravity models. In this respect, we examine the effects that [...] Read more.
We review the peculiarities that make neutrinos very special cosmic messengers in high-energy astrophysics, and, in particular, to provide possible indications of deviations from special relativity, as it is suggested theoretically by quantum gravity models. In this respect, we examine the effects that one could expect in the production, propagation, and detection of neutrinos, not only in the well-studied scenario of Lorentz Invariance Violation, but also in models which maintain, but deform, the relativity principle, such as those considered in the framework of Doubly Special Relativity. We discuss the challenges and the promising future prospects offered by this phenomenological window to physics beyond special relativity. Full article
14 pages, 1011 KiB  
Review
Lorentz Invariance Violation Tests in Astroparticle Physics
by Humberto Martínez-Huerta, Rodrigo Guedes Lang and Vitor de Souza
Symmetry 2020, 12(8), 1232; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/sym12081232 - 27 Jul 2020
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 3351
Abstract
In this review, we present the latest exclusion limits obtained from astroparticles on Lorentz Invariance Violation (LIV) in the photon sector. We discuss the techniques known as energy-dependent time delay or time lag, subluminal pair production threshold shift, suppression of air shower formation, [...] Read more.
In this review, we present the latest exclusion limits obtained from astroparticles on Lorentz Invariance Violation (LIV) in the photon sector. We discuss the techniques known as energy-dependent time delay or time lag, subluminal pair production threshold shift, suppression of air shower formation, superluminal photon decay, and superluminal photon splitting. Perspectives for future results on LIV with the next generation of experiments are also addressed. Full article
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