Plant Organellar DNA Polymerases Evolved Multifunctionality through the Acquisition of Novel Amino Acid Insertions
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Plant Organellar DNA Polymerase as a Replicative Polymerase
2.1. AtPOLIs Assemble a Replisome In Vitro
2.2. AtPOLIs Present Moderate Fidelity
2.3. AtPOLIs Harbor an Insertion Poised to Confer Processivity
3. Plant Organellar DNA Polymerases Execute Translesion DNA Synthesis
4. Plant Organellar DNA Polymerases Are Involved in Base Excision Repair
5. Plant Organellar DNA Polymerase Accomplish Micro-Homology-Mediated End-Joining of Double-Stranded Breaks
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Enzyme | Gene | Activity | TAIR ID | Localization + | References for Cellular Localization |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Family A DNA polymerase | AtPOLIA | DNA polymerase | AT1G50840 | M, C | [13,35] |
Family A DNA polymerase | AtPOLIB | DNA polymerase | AT3G20540 | M, C | [13,35] |
DNA primase-helicase | AtTWINKLE | DNA primase DNA helicase | AT1G30680 | M, C | [35,36] |
SSB1 | AtSSB1 | Single-stranded binding protein | AT4G11060 | M, C | [35] |
SSB2 | AtSSB2 | Single-stranded binding protein | AT3G18580 | M | [35,37] |
Enzyme | Gene | TAIR ID | Mitochondrial (Predicted TargetP [83]) | Chloroplast (Predicted TargetP [83]) | Reference for | Substrate |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Uracil DNA glycosylase | AtUNG | AT3G18630 | + (Experimental) | + (Predicted) | [76] | U, 5-FU |
Endonuclease III 1 | AtNTH1 | AT2G31450 | + (Predicted) | + (Experimental) | [77] | Tg, 5-hC, 5-hU, Fapy lesions |
Endonuclease III 2 | AtNTH2 | AT1G05900 | + (Predicted) | + (Experimental) | [77] | Tg, 5-hC, 5-hU, Fapy lesions |
Formamidopyrimidine DNA Glycosylase | AtFPG | AT1G52500 | + (Predicted) | - (Predicted) | n.d | Fapy lesions and 8oxoG |
5-meC and thymine-DNA glycosylase | DML-3 | AT4G34060 | - (Predicted) | - (Predicted) | n.d | T:G, U:G, 5-MeC, halogenated pyrimidines, 5-FU, Tg:G |
Adenine DNA Glycosylase | MutY | AT4G12740 | + (Predicted) | + (Predicted) | n.d | A across 8oxoG |
Polynucleotide 5′-Kinase/3′-Phosphatase | AtZDP | AT3G14890 | + (Predicted) | + (Predicted) | n.d | Dephosphorilates 3′-P ends producing 3′-OH |
Xth Endonuclease | ARP | AT2G41460 | + (Predicted) | + (Experimental) | [77] | AP sites, DHU, α-dA |
Family A DNA polymerase | AtPOLIA | AT1G50840 | + (Experimental) | + (Experimental) | [13] | Lyase and strand-displacement |
Family A DNA polymerase | AtPOLIB | AT3G20540 | + (Experimental) | + (Experimental) | [13] | Lyase and strand-displacement |
FEN1 | OEX1 | AT3G52050 | + (Predicted) | - (Predicted) | n.d | 5′-Flap structure |
FEN1 | OEX2 | AT1G34380 | - (Predicted) | + (Predicted) | n.d | 5′-Flap structure |
ATP-dependent DNA Ligase | AtLig1 | AT1G08130 | + (Experimental) | - (Experimental) | [82] | Nick-containing DNA |
ATP-dependent DNA Ligase | AtLig6 | AT1G49250 | - (Predicted) | + (Predicted) | n.d | Nick-containing DNA |
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Peralta-Castro, A.; García-Medel, P.L.; Baruch-Torres, N.; Trasviña-Arenas, C.H.; Juarez-Quintero, V.; Morales-Vazquez, C.M.; Brieba, L.G. Plant Organellar DNA Polymerases Evolved Multifunctionality through the Acquisition of Novel Amino Acid Insertions. Genes 2020, 11, 1370. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/genes11111370
Peralta-Castro A, García-Medel PL, Baruch-Torres N, Trasviña-Arenas CH, Juarez-Quintero V, Morales-Vazquez CM, Brieba LG. Plant Organellar DNA Polymerases Evolved Multifunctionality through the Acquisition of Novel Amino Acid Insertions. Genes. 2020; 11(11):1370. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/genes11111370
Chicago/Turabian StylePeralta-Castro, Antolín, Paola L. García-Medel, Noe Baruch-Torres, Carlos H. Trasviña-Arenas, Víctor Juarez-Quintero, Carlos M. Morales-Vazquez, and Luis G. Brieba. 2020. "Plant Organellar DNA Polymerases Evolved Multifunctionality through the Acquisition of Novel Amino Acid Insertions" Genes 11, no. 11: 1370. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/genes11111370