Ozone Ice as an Oxygen Release Reagent for Heap Leaching of Gold Ore
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Section
2.1. Ore Samples Preparation
2.2. Experimental Ozone Ice Preparation
2.2.1. Ozone Ice Formation
2.2.2. Measured Method of Ozone Concentration
2.2.3. Experimental Apparatus for Melting of Ozone Ice
2.3. Leaching Test Procedure
2.4. Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation (QCM-D)
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. QCM-D Monitoring of the Effect of [CN−]/[O2] on the Cyanide Leaching of Gold
3.2. Characteristics of Ozone Release in Ice
3.3. Effect of Ozone Ice on Gold Leaching Extraction in the Column Leaching Test
4. Conclusions
- (1)
- The effect of [CN−]/[O2] on the leaching rate of gold was monitored using QCM-D. The leaching rate increased from 212.08 to 432.63 ng/(cm2·min) as the dissolved oxygen concentration increased from 8.2 to 12 mg/L at a cyanide ion concentration of 60 mg/L. Therefore, the effective leaching of gold is undermined by oxygen deficiency inside the leaching heap.
- (2)
- The decomposition rate of ozone in ice does not change linearly. In the early stage of ozone ice melting (the first 3 h), the ozone decomposition rate was affected by the initial ozone concentration. Higher initial ozone concentrations in the ice layer produced faster ozone decomposition rates. At the later stage of ozone ice melting (after 5 h), the retention rates of ozone at different initial concentrations in the ice are similar; the increase rates of DO in the solution for different initial concentrations are also similar.
- (3)
- Gold extraction was improved by embedding ozone ice into the leaching column. At 5 °C in an oxygen-deficient environment, the addition of ozone ice with an ozone concentration of 300 mg/L increased the gold leaching extraction by 4.1%.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Au * | Ag * | Fe | Cu | As | Zn |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.61 | 1.0 | 6.30 | 0.008 | 0.027 | 0.010 |
Pb | S | CaO | MgO | Al2O3 | SiO2 |
<0.010 | 1.38 | 2.69 | 2.95 | 14.92 | 60.60 |
Water Temperature in Gas-Washing Bottle (°C) | 1.0–4.0 |
---|---|
Water volume in gas-washing bottle (mL) | 100 |
The pH of deionized water | 7 |
Ozone gas flow rate (L·min−1) | 1 |
Cooling temperature (°C) | −65 |
Ice-making time (min) | 60 |
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Liu, Z.; Kou, J.; Xing, Y.; Sun, C.; Liu, P.; Zhang, Y. Ozone Ice as an Oxygen Release Reagent for Heap Leaching of Gold Ore. Minerals 2021, 11, 1251. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/min11111251
Liu Z, Kou J, Xing Y, Sun C, Liu P, Zhang Y. Ozone Ice as an Oxygen Release Reagent for Heap Leaching of Gold Ore. Minerals. 2021; 11(11):1251. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/min11111251
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Ziyuan, Jue Kou, Yi Xing, Chunbao Sun, Peng Liu, and Yuxin Zhang. 2021. "Ozone Ice as an Oxygen Release Reagent for Heap Leaching of Gold Ore" Minerals 11, no. 11: 1251. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/min11111251