An Update of Bovine Hemoplasmas Based on Phylogenetic and Genomics Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Genome Sequences and Annotation
2.2. Phylogenetic and Pangenome Analysis
2.3. Comparative Genomics
2.4. Prediction of Antigenic Proteins
2.5. Prediction of Subcellular Localization and Stability of Proteins
2.6. Linear B-Cell Epitope Prediction and Three-Dimensional Modeling
3. Results
3.1. General Features of Genomes
3.2. Phylogenetic and Pangenome Analyzes
3.3. Comparative Genomics
3.4. Selection and Prediction of B-Cell Epitopes in Proteins
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Group | Organism | Assembly Level | Length (bp) * | G + C Content (%) * | CDS ** | rRNAs # | tRNAs ## |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Group 1 | ‘Ca. M. haemobos’ INIFAP01 | 18 contigs | 935,638 | 30.46 | 1180 | 3 | 31 |
Group 1 | M. haemocanis Illinois | Chromosome | 919,992 | 35.33 | 1234 | 3 | 31 |
Group 1 | M. haemofelis Langford 1 | Chromosome | 1,147,259 | 38.85 | 1595 | 3 | 31 |
Group 1 | M. haemofelis Ohio2 | Chromosome | 1,155,937 | 38.81 | 1650 | 3 | 31 |
Group 2 | ‘Ca. M. haemolamae’ Purdue | Chromosome | 756,845 | 39.27 | 1045 | 3 | 33 |
Group 2 | ‘Ca. M. haemominutum’ Birmingham 1 | Chromosome | 513,880 | 35.52 | 587 | 3 | 32 |
Group 2 | M. ovis Michigan | Chromosome | 702,511 | 31.69 | 918 | 4 | 32 |
Group 2 | M. parvum Indiana | Chromosome | 564,395 | 26.98 | 578 | 3 | 32 |
Group 2 | M. suis Illinois | Chromosome | 742,431 | 31.08 | 914 | 3 | 32 |
Group 2 | M. suis KI3806 | Chromosome | 709,270 | 31.08 | 856 | 3 | 32 |
Group 2 | M. wenyonii INIFAP02 | 37 contigs | 596,665 | 33.43 | 678 | 3 | 32 |
Group 2 | M. wenyonii Massachusetts | Chromosome | 650,228 | 33.92 | 727 | 3 | 32 |
Candidatus Mycoplasma Haemobos INIFAP01 | |
---|---|
Classification (NCBI Accession Number) | Prediction Score as Antigen (VaxiJen) |
RAST Category: Virulence, disease, and defense | |
DNA gyrase subunit B (OAL10308.1) | 0.5352 (antigen) |
DNA gyrase subunit A (OAL10309.1) | 0.4373 (non-antigen) |
SSU ribosomal protein S7p (WP_187150158.1) | 0.5180 (antigen) |
Translation elongation factor G (WP_187150159.1) | 0.5399 (antigen) |
Translation elongation factor thermo unstable (Tu) (WP_187150070.1) | 0.4268 (non-antigen) |
SSU ribosomal protein S12p (WP_187150157.1) | 0.7537 (antigen) |
DNA-directed RNA polymerase beta subunit (WP_187150197.1) | 0.3781 (non-antigen) |
DNA-directed RNA polymerase (WP_187150196.1) | 0.4488 (non-antigen) |
RAST Category: Division and cell cycle | |
ProteinTsaD/Kae1/Qri7 (WP_187150270.1) | 0.3846 (non-antigen) |
RNA polymerase sigma factor RpoD (WP_187150278.19 | 0.3857 (non-antigen) |
DNA primase (WP_187150493.1) | 0.3009 (non-antigen) |
RAST Category: Fatty acids, lipids and isoprenoids | |
Cardiolipin synthase (WP_187150134.1) | 0.3463 (non-antigen) |
RAST Category: Stress Response | |
Manganese superoxide dismutase (WP_187150149.1) | 0.3487 (non-antigen) |
Mycoplasma wenyonii INIFAP02 | |
RAST Category: Virulence, disease, and defense | |
Ribosomal protein SSU S7p (RAO94848.1) | 0.5435 (antigen) |
Translation elongation factor G (RAO94847.1) | 0.5650 (antigen) |
Translation elongation factor thermo unstable (Tu) (RAO95121.1) | 0.4359 (non-antigen) |
Ribosomal protein SSU S12p (RAO94849.1) | 0.7774 (antigen) |
Ribosomal protein LSU L35p (RAO95358.1) | 0.5491 (antigen) |
Translation initiation factor 3 (RAO95223.1) | 0.4488 (non-antigen) |
Ribosomal protein LSU L20p (RAO95357.1) | 0.3668 (non-antigen) |
RAST Category: Division and cell cycle | |
Protein TsaD/Kae1/Qri7 (RAO95106.1) | 0.3954 (non-antigen) |
RNA polymerase sigma factor RpoD (RAO94807.1) | 0.3979 (non-antigen) |
DNA primase (RAO95339.1) | 0.3929 (non-antigen) |
RAST Category: Fatty acids, lipids and isoprenoids | |
Cardiolipin synthase (RAO95377.1) | 0.3305 (non-antigen) |
Ca. M. Haemobos INIFAP01 | M. wenyonii INIFAP02 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
RAST Category: Virulence, disease, and defense | Predicted epitopes (SVMTrip, recommend score 1.0) | Predicted epitopes (BCEPred) | RAST Category: Virulence, disease, and defense | Predicted epitopes (SVMTrip, recommend score 1.0) | Predicted epitopes (BCEPred) |
DNA gyrase subunit B | RKLALEGFMSFAGKLADCTT | AGGDSSDSGGQYTDS GGKFDNNSYKTSGG * EVNVYRNGEEHY ENGGKIKDEPKMVSKCEEDKTG IESRLTKLAYLNKGKKFV VNEITKEEKEFFYEEGIKDW FIHSEGKVKNRRAPE FGRFLEENPEQRKVILQRVDQERNFRLK VVEGDSAGGSAKSARNREYQAI NVWKRSKYTAILENEEVKSL NKEVVYLFDDKKKDEFLKNLSNP | Ribosomal protein SSU S7p | MWEGKKQLARRIVYNALEKI | NALEKIREKTEKNPVEV YQVPVESSKERREALA LIKYSRKRN |
SSU ribosomal protein S7p | PLEVFMEALKNIAPTIELKT | Translation elongation factor G | IPKEYIKSIREGLVDAMKAG VPRIIFCNKMDKVGASFQSS | DAGKTTTSERDWMEQEREKGITDEEFEEIPI PEDQQEEVKTLR KAFTRSGEELTIENKDESN | |
Translation elongation factor G | EFVDKIVGGKIPKEYIKSIK AKVIKSKIPLKEMFGYATAL | DWMEQEKEKGIT TKKAYEFDGKQEEEYKEIPI ETPAFDKEQNPISIKNSPDNDF QMHSNHRTEIES AIEPKTKVDQEKMSM FRETFTQEAEVEGKYIKQSGGRG HVWIKYEPNKDKGFEF LSLKDASKKCASILLEPI SRRGTIEGDEQVENAKVIKSKIPLKEM | Ribosomal protein SSU S12p | RVKDLPGVKYHIIRGKLDAA | VEKRKKERSKYGVKKEKKS |
SSU ribosomal protein S12p | RVKDLPGVKYHIVRGKLDTV | Ribosomal protein LSU L35p | SHRSHCASAKTTKRKRQLRK | KKIKHKTKKSLSKR SGAIKRKRSHRS SGAIKRKRSHRSHCASAKTTKRKRQLRKSA |
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Flores-García, D.L.; Aguilar-Díaz, H.; Amaro-Estrada, I.; Martínez-Ocampo, F.; Quiroz-Castañeda, R.E. An Update of Bovine Hemoplasmas Based on Phylogenetic and Genomics Analysis. Microorganisms 2022, 10, 1916. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms10101916
Flores-García DL, Aguilar-Díaz H, Amaro-Estrada I, Martínez-Ocampo F, Quiroz-Castañeda RE. An Update of Bovine Hemoplasmas Based on Phylogenetic and Genomics Analysis. Microorganisms. 2022; 10(10):1916. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms10101916
Chicago/Turabian StyleFlores-García, Diana Laura, Hugo Aguilar-Díaz, Itzel Amaro-Estrada, Fernando Martínez-Ocampo, and Rosa Estela Quiroz-Castañeda. 2022. "An Update of Bovine Hemoplasmas Based on Phylogenetic and Genomics Analysis" Microorganisms 10, no. 10: 1916. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms10101916