Welfare Issues of "Fashionable" Dogs and Cats Breeding

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Welfare".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 September 2024 | Viewed by 5275

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy
Interests: companion and zootechnical animals; animal behavior; animal welfare; ethology; human-animal interaction; human-animal bond; animal health; behavioural medicine

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Guest Editor
Department of Animal and Food Science, Universitat Autonoma del Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
Interests: companion animals; animal behavior; animal welfare; human-animal interaction; human-animal bond; behavioral medicine; animal health

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Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy
Interests: dogs and cats’ behavior; dogs and cats’ welfare; dogs and cats’ management; behavioral medicine; human-animal interaction; human-animal bond
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to announce a Special Issue of the journal Animals, which will explore the welfare issues of “fashionable” dogs and cats breeding. Humans are still attracted to specific morphological characteristics, selecting for a variety of exaggerated traits including body size, ear type, coat type, and skull, and skeletal dimensions (i.e., brachycephalic or miniature breeds). Moreover, the designer dog breeds can be considered as fashionable breeds. Over the last few years there has been a growing demand for this kind of breeds. The term "designer dog" typically refers to the offspring of two purebred dogs of different breeds. The reason for creating a hybrid dog is to develop a dog that has the positive attributes of two separate dog breeds in order to respond to humans needs (i.e., hypoallergenic pets, friendly, and with an attractive appearance). Common examples include the Labradoodle (a Labrador retriever crossed with a Poodle), the Goldendoodle (a Golden retriever crossed with a Poodle) and Maltipoo (a Maltese crossed with a Poodle). With such selection decisions often heavily based on aesthetics, health can be detrimentally affected due to both reduced selection pressure for this trait, but also due to direct links between conformational and genetic traits and disease. In this scenario the animal welfare can be threatened.

Although the literature in this area, especially on brachycephalic dog breeds, has grown in the last years producing relevant findings on conformation impact on animal welfare, fashionable pet breeds are still widely spread as a response to increasing demand. In addition to this, new breeds have been designed to address new human needs or aesthetic preferences. In light of that, further studies are needed to investigate better this phenomenon, in order to mitigate it and to document possible consequences on fashionable breeds’ welfare.

We encourage the submission of original manuscripts and reviews that identify welfare issues facing fashionable breeds. In this Special Issue, research areas may include the following:

  • Welfare-relevant aspects of selection;
  • Animal welfare (including acquisition motivations and practices, husbandry and training);
  • Welfare assessment within the human-animal relationship;
  • Human–animal interactions (including human interpretation of behaviour, portrayal of animals in the media);
  • Animal behaviour (including breed-related behaviour, cognitive abilities, conspecific interactions);
  • Animal health (including epidemiological and disease-specific studies, and breed-related diseases).

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Greta Veronica Berteselli
Dr. Susana Le Brech
Dr. Simona Cannas
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • companion animals
  • dogs
  • cats
  • animal welfare
  • animal behavior
  • animal health
  • designer breeds
  • human-animal interaction
  • human-animal bond
  • breed-related diseases

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

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26 pages, 443 KiB  
Review
Ethical Concerns about Fashionable Dog Breeding
by David J. Menor-Campos
Animals 2024, 14(5), 756; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ani14050756 - 28 Feb 2024
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Abstract
The historical relationship between humans and dogs has involved selective breeding for various purposes, such as hunting, guarding, and service roles. However, over time, there has been a shift in preferences from functionality to aesthetics, which has influenced the diverse sizes, shapes, and [...] Read more.
The historical relationship between humans and dogs has involved selective breeding for various purposes, such as hunting, guarding, and service roles. However, over time, there has been a shift in preferences from functionality to aesthetics, which has influenced the diverse sizes, shapes, and coats of dog breeds. This review looks at fashionable dog breeding and questions the ethics of prioritising looks over health and behaviour. It aims to alert potential owners, breeders, and regulators to the importance of considering a dog’s overall well-being, not just its appearance, which has resulted in fad breeding, leading to genetic disorders, health issues, and a loss of biodiversity. Ethical concerns arise from breeding brachycephalic breeds with respiratory conditions, inbreeding causing inherited disorders, and overbreeding popular breeds while shelter dogs remain unadopted. Additionally, the impact of cosmetic surgeries on popular dog breeds, as well as the neglect of behavioural traits in favour of physical characteristics and strict breeding practices are also considered. The current breeding model can have a negative impact on the emotional and cognitive well-being of dogs, resulting in issues such as aggression, anxiety, and other behavioural problems that can significantly reduce their overall quality of life. Unregulated breeding practices and the demand for rare breeds can lead to illegal breeding, compromising animal welfare. Prospective owners, veterinarians, kennel clubs, and legislators all need to play a responsible role in protecting animals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Welfare Issues of "Fashionable" Dogs and Cats Breeding)

Other

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19 pages, 1252 KiB  
Opinion
Prioritization of Appearance over Health and Temperament Is Detrimental to the Welfare of Purebred Dogs and Cats
by Elodie Morel, Laureline Malineau, Charlotte Venet, Virginie Gaillard and Franck Péron
Animals 2024, 14(7), 1003; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ani14071003 - 25 Mar 2024
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Abstract
Fashions in the appearance of purebred dogs and cats are encouraged by celebrity culture, social media, and online impulse buying. The popularity of characteristics perceived as cute, quirky, and anthropomorphic has driven increasingly exaggerated breed features appealing to aesthetics rather than health. ‘Hypertypes’ [...] Read more.
Fashions in the appearance of purebred dogs and cats are encouraged by celebrity culture, social media, and online impulse buying. The popularity of characteristics perceived as cute, quirky, and anthropomorphic has driven increasingly exaggerated breed features appealing to aesthetics rather than health. ‘Hypertypes’ of some breeds have emerged that take a breed’s distinctive appearance to extremes beyond the intended interpretation of breed standards. This has severe, direct and indirect health and welfare consequences. Extreme conformations are associated with chronic health conditions including brachycephalic obstructive airway disorder, ocular, dental, skin, and musculoskeletal disorders. Puppy and kitten farms and illegal traders that meet the demand for hypertypes are associated with poor husbandry that neglects the physical, behavioral, and mental health of parents and offspring. A multidimensional approach involving collaboration between breeders, geneticists, owners, veterinarians, kennel clubs, cat fanciers’ associations, animal charities, the academic and research communities, commercial enterprises, and governments is needed to safeguard breeds and tackle these challenges. There are many ongoing initiatives by national kennel clubs and global partnerships to educate pet owners and support responsible pet ownership and sustainable breeding. The resounding message is that health, temperament, and well-being must be prioritized over appearance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Welfare Issues of "Fashionable" Dogs and Cats Breeding)
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