Advances in Equine Oncology: Causes, Molecular Changes, Clinicopathologic and Treatment

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Equids".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2024 | Viewed by 875

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Krakowska 1 St., 32-083 Balice, Poland
Interests: equine; tumor; veterinary oncology; next generation sequencing; genomics; transcriptomics; epigenomics; gene expression; methylation; miRNA; biomarkers; diagnosis; therapy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The continuous importance of horses in sport, recreation, or as a workforce in underdeveloped countries has brought about an increasing need to update and expand the knowledge about equine diseases, including cancer. The research on cancer in horses and other equids is substantially less advanced than in other companion animal species. Despite this, neoplasia in equids is a common problem. Currently, advances in molecular biology and DNA sequencing provide an opportunity to determine the molecular profile of any cancer by enabling for the identification of specific mutations that occur in DNA or changes that arise at the epigenome level. Based on this overall picture, targeted treatment or immunotherapy can be applied by matching the molecular profile of the individual's cancer.

Therefore, this Special Issue aims to publish original research papers or reviews addressing the molecular mechanisms in tumor initiation, maintenance, and progression in Equidae, taking into account their diagnosis and new treatment methods.

Dr. Ewelina Semik-Gurgul
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • equine
  • tumor
  • veterinary oncology
  • next generation sequencing
  • genomics
  • transcriptomics
  • epigenomics
  • gene expression
  • methylation
  • miRNA
  • biomarkers
  • diagnosis
  • therapy

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 4109 KiB  
Article
Programmed Cell Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) Immunohistochemical Expression in Equine Melanocytic Tumors
by José Pimenta, Justina Prada, Isabel Pires and Mário Cotovio
Animals 2024, 14(1), 48; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ani14010048 - 22 Dec 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 711
Abstract
Currently available treatments for equine melanocytic tumors have limitations, mainly due to mass localization and dimension, or the presence of metastases. Therefore, a search for new therapies is necessary. Programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is expressed by several tumors, blocking T cell-mediated elimination [...] Read more.
Currently available treatments for equine melanocytic tumors have limitations, mainly due to mass localization and dimension, or the presence of metastases. Therefore, a search for new therapies is necessary. Programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is expressed by several tumors, blocking T cell-mediated elimination of the tumor cells by binding to programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). A novel therapeutic approach using PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in human melanoma resulted in tumor regression and prolonged tumor-free survival. This study aimed to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of PD-L1 in equine melanocytic tumors. A total of 77 melanocytic tumors were classified as benign or malignant and evaluated by extension of labeling. A total of 59.7% of the tumors showed >50% of immunolabeled cells. Regarding malignant tumors, 24/38 tumors presented >50% of labeled cells, 13 tumors presented between 25–50% and one tumor presented <10%. Regarding benign tumors, 22/39 tumors presented >50% of labeled cells, nine tumors presented 25–50%, three tumors presented 10–25%, two tumors presented <10% and three tumors did not present expression. Our results suggest that PD-L1 blockade may be a potential target for immunotherapy in equine melanocytic tumors and that future clinical research trials into the clinical efficacy of the anti-PD-L1 antibody are necessary. Full article
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