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Animals
Special Issues
In Vitro and In Vivo Digestibility Studies in Ruminants
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In Vitro and In Vivo Digestibility Studies in Ruminants

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 June 2024 | Viewed by 4196

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Idoia Goiri

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Campus Agroalimentario de Arkaute s/n, NEIKER-Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 01192 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
Interests: rumen microbiome; methane; feed additives; digestibility; ruminant fermentation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Aser García-Rodríguez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Campus Agroalimentario de Arkaute s/n, NEIKER-Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 01192 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
Interests: ruminant fermentation; feed additives; digestibility
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

New feeding systems and the circular economy approach have led to an increasing use of new feedstuffs and by-products in ruminant nutrition. These feedstuffs must be evaluated prior to including them in a ration.

Digestion and metabolism of nutrients in ruminants are key aspects of feeding systems, since digestibility and rumen degradability are the main sources of variation of protein and energy value of feeds. Reliable and appropriate biological data are needed for the description of these variables. These data can be obtained using in vitro, in situ or in vivo techniques, all of which have their pro and cons.

In vivo methods are the most reliable ones and are considered usually as a reference, since they represent the response of the animal to a dietary treatment. However, they are expensive, time consuming, limited to a small number of feeds evaluated at the same time and need an elevated number of animals to obtain reliable results. Moreover, new demands of reducing the use of research animals have created interest in in vitro techniques. In vitro techniques for feed evaluation are important methodologies for studying the fermentative and digestive characteristics of feed. They represent biological models that properly simulate the digestion process in animals, but their results are limited, since these in vitro techniques cannot mimic all the metabolic processes that occur in a live animal.

This Special Issue is focused on digestibility studies in ruminants, both in vitro and in vivo. Studies investigating new feedstuff or by-products, or the effect of feed additives on digestibility and enteric methane production will be welcome.

Dr. Idoia Goiri
Dr. Aser García-Rodríguez
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

 

Keywords

  • gas production technique
  • Rusitec
  • in situ
  • respiration chambers and metabolic cages

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 615 KiB  
Article
The Energy Contents of Broken Rice for Lactating Dairy Cows
by Thidarat Gunha, Kanokwan Kongphitee, Bhoowadol Binsulong and Kritapon Sommart
Animals 2023, 13(19), 3042; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ani13193042 - 27 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1099
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate (1) the net energy for lactation of broken rice in dairy cows and (2) the effects of broken rice substituting in diets on feed intake, nutrient energy utilization, and milk production. An energy metabolism experiment was conducted using [...] Read more.
This study aimed to evaluate (1) the net energy for lactation of broken rice in dairy cows and (2) the effects of broken rice substituting in diets on feed intake, nutrient energy utilization, and milk production. An energy metabolism experiment was conducted using a respiration chamber system in four multiparous Holstein crossbred cows (88.6% Holstein × 11.4% Native Thai; body weight of 438 ± 16.0 kg; 70 ± 31 days in milk) according to a 4 × 4 Latin square design with four 21-d periods. The four dietary treatments included a basal diet substitution with broken rice at 0%, 12%, 24%, and 36%. Increasing the substitution rate of broken rice in the diet resulted in unaffected feed intake, milk yield and composition, and energy balance (p > 0.05); however, a linear increase in the digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, and neutral detergent fiber (p < 0.05). The estimated net energy for lactation of broken rice was 8.68 MJ/kg. The net energy requirement for maintenance was estimated at 504 kJ/kg of metabolic body weight. Our results indicated that broken rice is a good energy-feed resource and that increasing the proportion in the diet up to 36% had no adverse effect on dairy cows’ production performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue In Vitro and In Vivo Digestibility Studies in Ruminants)
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15 pages, 645 KiB  
Article
In Vitro Rumen Fermentation Characteristics, Estimated Utilizable Crude Protein and Metabolizable Energy Values of Grass Silages, Concentrate Feeds and Their Mixtures
by X Muqier, Margrete Eknæs, Egil Prestløkken, Rasmus Bovbjerg Jensen, Katrine Sømliøy Eikanger, Inger Johanne Karlengen, Gisken Trøan, Stine Gregersen Vhile and Alemayehu Kidane
Animals 2023, 13(17), 2695; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ani13172695 - 23 Aug 2023
Viewed by 1120
Abstract
Four formulations of concentrate feeds, three contrasting qualities of grass silages, and mixtures of the silages (55%) and concentrates (45%, dry weight) were tested for in vitro fermentation kinetics, in vitro dry matter degradation (IVDMD), utilizable crude protein (uCP), and metabolizable energy (ME) [...] Read more.
Four formulations of concentrate feeds, three contrasting qualities of grass silages, and mixtures of the silages (55%) and concentrates (45%, dry weight) were tested for in vitro fermentation kinetics, in vitro dry matter degradation (IVDMD), utilizable crude protein (uCP), and metabolizable energy (ME) values. The concentrates were pelleted control concentrate for dairy cows (CONT-P); pelleted alkaline concentrate with ammoniated cereal grains (ALKA-P); mash form concentrate with ALKA-P main ingredients but with feed-grade urea and barley replacing ammoniated cereal grain (UREA-M); and mash form of ALKA-P ingredients prior to alkalization (ALKA-M). The grass silages were early cut, late cut, and a mixture (1:1) of early and late cut. The objectives were to test if the feeds differed in the tested parameters within each feed category and assess the modulatory effect of concentrate feeds on the grass silage fermentation characteristics in the mixed diets. No interaction effects of the concentrate feeds by silage quality were observed for the tested parameters in the mixed diets. For concentrates, the pelleted diets were higher (p < 0.05) in IVDMD and molar proportion of propionate but lower in butyrate. The ALKA-P produced the highest estimated uCP (p < 0.01). For silages, uCP, ME, total short-chain fatty acids (VFAs), and molar proportions of propionate and branched-chain VFAs decreased (p < 0.05) with increasing stage of maturity. In conclusion, the ALKA-P could match the CONT-P in uCP and ME values and fermentation characteristics. Results for silages and their mixtures with concentrates highlight the importance of silage quality in dietary energy and protein supply for ruminants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue In Vitro and In Vivo Digestibility Studies in Ruminants)
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15 pages, 486 KiB  
Article
Net Energy Value of a Cassava Chip Ration for Lactation in Holstein–Friesian Crossbred Dairy Cattle Estimated by Indirect Calorimetry
by Thidarat Gunha, Kanokwan Kongphitee, Bhoowadol Binsulong and Kritapon Sommart
Animals 2023, 13(14), 2296; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ani13142296 - 13 Jul 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1387
Abstract
The objectives of this research were to (1) determine the feed intake, digestibility, and energy utilization and (2) estimate the net energy value of cassava chips consumed by lactating dairy cows. Four multiparous Holstein–Friesian crossbred cows at 139 ± 33 (mean ± SD) [...] Read more.
The objectives of this research were to (1) determine the feed intake, digestibility, and energy utilization and (2) estimate the net energy value of cassava chips consumed by lactating dairy cows. Four multiparous Holstein–Friesian crossbred cows at 139 ± 33 (mean ± SD) day in milk were assigned according to a 4 × 4 Latin square design with four periods. The four treatments included a diet substituted with cassava chips on a 0%, 12%, 24%, and 36% dry matter (DM) basis in the basal diet. Indirect calorimetry with a head cage respiration system was used to determine nutrient and energy utilization. Increasing the number of cassava chips in the diet resulted in a linear increase (p < 0.05) in nutrient intake and digestibility but a linear decrease (p < 0.01) in crude protein (CP) and fiber. The enteric methane yield and intensity were not affected (p > 0.05), while energy was lost as feces and urine reduced linearly (p < 0.05). Milk yield and milk composition (protein, fat, lactose) also increased linearly (p < 0.05). The net energy requirement for the maintenance of the lactating cows was estimated as 327 kJ/kg of metabolic body weight, and the efficiency of metabolizable energy used for lactation was 0.66. The estimated net energy value of cassava chips for lactation was 8.03 MJ/kg DM. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue In Vitro and In Vivo Digestibility Studies in Ruminants)
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