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Antioxidants
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Selected Papers from the First International E-Conference on Antioxidants in...
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Selected Papers from the First International E-Conference on Antioxidants in Health and Disease

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Outcomes of Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2021) | Viewed by 16167

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Mihalis I. Panagiotidis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
Interests: carcinogenesis; disease mechanisms; apoptosis; epigenetics; oxidative stress; natural products; experimental therapeutics; drug development; disease prevention; disease biomarkers
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Welcome to the First International Electronic Conference on Antioxidants in Health and Disease (https://sciforum.net/conference/CAHD2020), to be held on 1–15 December 2020. We are looking forward to seeing you at this event. This Special Issue will publish selected papers from the Proceedings volume associated with our event on sciforum.net, an online platform for hosting scholarly e-conferences and discussion groups.

The conference will bring together researchers working in the field of antioxidants to present and discuss their latest research findings. It will address a variety of research topics, which will be organized into the following four sessions:

Dietary Antioxidants and Health Promotion: From Epidemiology to Policy Making

Antioxidants in Chronic Disease: From Dietary Prevention to Therapeutic Intervention

The Biology of Natural Products in Disease Pathophysiology: Mechanisms of Action

Synthetic Antioxidants for Industrial Utilization: From Novel Structures to Innovative Applications

It is our hope that this conference will present new and useful developments related to antioxidants in health and disease. The scientific committee cordially welcome you, and we look forward to your contribution.

Prof. Dr. Mihalis I. Panagiotidis
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 3533 KiB  
Article
Comparative Cytotoxic Activity of Hydroxytyrosol and Its Semisynthetic Lipophilic Derivatives in Prostate Cancer Cells
by Antonio J. León-González, Prudencio Sáez-Martínez, Juan M. Jiménez-Vacas, Vicente Herrero-Aguayo, Antonio J. Montero-Hidalgo, Enrique Gómez-Gómez, Andrés Madrona, Justo P. Castaño, José L. Espartero, Manuel D. Gahete and Raúl M. Luque
Antioxidants 2021, 10(9), 1348; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antiox10091348 - 25 Aug 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2151
Abstract
A high adherence to a Mediterranean diet has been related to numerous beneficial effects in human health, including a lower incidence and mortality of prostate cancer (PCa). Olive oil is an important source of phenolic bioactive compounds, mainly hydroxytyrosol (HT), of this diet. [...] Read more.
A high adherence to a Mediterranean diet has been related to numerous beneficial effects in human health, including a lower incidence and mortality of prostate cancer (PCa). Olive oil is an important source of phenolic bioactive compounds, mainly hydroxytyrosol (HT), of this diet. Because of the growing interest of this compound and its derivatives as a cancer chemopreventive agent, we aimed to compare the in vitro effect of HT isolated from olive mill wastewaters and five semisynthetic alkyl ether, ester, and nitro-derivatives against prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines. The effect in cell proliferation was determined in RWPE-1, LNCaP, 22Rv1, and PC-3 cells by resazurin assay, the effect in cell migration by wound healing assay, and tumorsphere and colony formation were evaluated. The changes in key signaling pathways involved in carcinogenesis were assessed by using a phosphorylation pathway profiling array and by Western blotting. Antiproliferative effects of HT and two lipophilic derivatives [hydroxytyrosyl acetate (HT-Ac)/ethyl hydroxytyrosyl ether (HT-Et)] were significantly higher in cancerous PC-3 and 22Rv1 cells than in non-malignant RWPE-1 cells. HT/HT-Ac/HT-Et significantly reduced migration capacity in RWPE-1 and PC-3 and prostatosphere size and colony formation in 22Rv1, whereas only HT-Ac and HT-Et reduced these functional parameters in PC-3. The cytotoxic effect in 22Rv1 cells was correlated with modifications in the phosphorylation pattern of key proteins, including ERK1/2 and AKT. Consistently, HT-Ac and HT-Et decreased p-AKT levels in PC-3. In sum, our results suggest that HT and its lipophilic derivatives could be considered as potential therapeutic tools in PCa. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the First International E-Conference on Antioxidants in Health and Disease)
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17 pages, 3511 KiB  
Article
Insights into the Antioxidant Mechanism of Newly Synthesized Benzoxazinic Nitrones: In Vitro and In Silico Studies with DPPH Model Radical
by Stefania Marano, Cristina Minnelli, Lorenzo Ripani, Massimo Marcaccio, Emiliano Laudadio, Giovanna Mobbili, Adolfo Amici, Tatiana Armeni and Pierluigi Stipa
Antioxidants 2021, 10(8), 1224; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antiox10081224 - 29 Jul 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3007
Abstract
Synthetic nitrone spin-traps are being explored as therapeutic agents for the treatment of a wide range of oxidative stress-related pathologies, including but not limited to stroke, cancer, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases. In this context, increasing efforts are currently being made to the design [...] Read more.
Synthetic nitrone spin-traps are being explored as therapeutic agents for the treatment of a wide range of oxidative stress-related pathologies, including but not limited to stroke, cancer, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases. In this context, increasing efforts are currently being made to the design and synthesis of new nitrone-based compounds with enhanced efficacy. The most researched nitrones are surely the ones related to α-phenyl-tert-butylnitrone (PBN) and 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) derivatives, which have shown to possess potent biological activity in many experimental animal models. However, more recently, nitrones with a benzoxazinic structure (3-aryl-2H-benzo[1,4]oxazin-N-oxides) have been demonstrated to have superior antioxidant activity compared to PBN. In this study, two new benzoxazinic nitrones bearing an electron-withdrawing methoxycarbonyl group on the benzo moiety (in para and meta positions respect to the nitronyl function) were synthesized. Their in vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated by two cellular-based assays (inhibition of AAPH-induced human erythrocyte hemolysis and cell death in human retinal pigmented epithelium (ARPE-19) cells) and a chemical approach by means of the α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay, using both electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and UV spectrophotometry. A computational approach was also used to investigate their potential primary mechanism of antioxidant action, as well as to rationalize the effect of functionalization on the nitrones reactivity toward DPPH, chosen as model radical in this study. Further insights were also gathered by exploring the nitrone electrochemical properties via cyclic voltammetry and by studying their kinetic behavior by means of EPR spectroscopy. Results showed that the introduction of an electron-withdrawing group in the phenyl moiety in the para position significantly increased the antioxidant capacity of benzoxazinic nitrones both in cell and cell-free systems. From the mechanistic point of view, the calculated results closely matched the experimental findings, strongly suggesting that the H-atom transfer (HAT) is likely to be the primary mechanism in the DPPH quenching. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the First International E-Conference on Antioxidants in Health and Disease)
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14 pages, 1561 KiB  
Article
The Pro-Oxidant Activity of Red Wine Polyphenols Induces an Adaptive Antioxidant Response in Human Erythrocytes
by Idolo Tedesco, Carmela Spagnuolo, Gian Luigi Russo, Maria Russo, Carmen Cervellera and Stefania Moccia
Antioxidants 2021, 10(5), 800; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10050800 - 18 May 2021
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 2885
Abstract
The protective effect of dealcoholized red wine on human health has been partially associated with its polyphenolic components, suggesting that the pool of polyphenols, including flavonoids and anthocyanins, can be responsible for the functional effects of this beverage. We hypothesize a new role [...] Read more.
The protective effect of dealcoholized red wine on human health has been partially associated with its polyphenolic components, suggesting that the pool of polyphenols, including flavonoids and anthocyanins, can be responsible for the functional effects of this beverage. We hypothesize a new role of red wine polyphenols (RWp) in modulating the antioxidant potential of erythrocytes, protecting them against oxidative stress. We previously demonstrated that RWp activated the Plasma Membrane Redox System (PMRS), which is involved in neutralizing plasma free radicals. Here, we investigated the underlying mechanism triggered by RWp in the activation of PMRS via the involvement of GSH. Hence, treatment of human erythrocytes with RWp (73 μg/mL Gallic Acid Equivalents) increased GSH intracellular concentration, which depends upon the activation of glutathione reductase (GR) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), whose enzymatic activities increase of about 30% and 47%, respectively. Changes in the GSH pathway induced by RWp were associated with a slight but significant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS). We conclude that the pro-oxidant effect of RWp promoted an adaptive stress response in human erythrocytes, which enhances their antioxidant defense. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the First International E-Conference on Antioxidants in Health and Disease)
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14 pages, 2323 KiB  
Article
The Nutraceutical Properties of “Pizza Napoletana Marinara TSG” a Traditional Food Rich in Bioaccessible Antioxidants
by Irene Dini, Luana Izzo, Giulia Graziani and Alberto Ritieni
Antioxidants 2021, 10(3), 495; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antiox10030495 - 22 Mar 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4204
Abstract
Italian gastronomy experiences have ever-enhancing fame around the world. It is due to the linkage between taste and salubriousness commonly related to Mediterranean foods. The market proposes many types of pizza to suit all palates. The antioxidant potential of the “Pizza Napoletana marinara” [...] Read more.
Italian gastronomy experiences have ever-enhancing fame around the world. It is due to the linkage between taste and salubriousness commonly related to Mediterranean foods. The market proposes many types of pizza to suit all palates. The antioxidant potential of the “Pizza Napoletana marinara” included in the register of traditional specialties guaranteed (TSG) was determined in this work. ABTS (2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) method evaluated the antioxidant activity of the pizza homogenized. In vitro digestion models estimated the intestinal and gastric bioaccessibility of the main antioxidant compounds (lycopene and phenolics). To our knowledge, this is the first study to provide the content, antioxidant potential, and bioaccessibility of the antioxidants (polyphenols and lycopene) contained in the traditional pizza “marinara TSG”. Our results showed that the “Pizza Napoletana marinara” had polyphenols concentration, lycopene level, antioxidant activity, and bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds and lycopene better than other similar pizzas. They confirmed the nutritional importance of traditional preparations and established the nutraceutical potential of “pizza marinara TSG” as a food rich in bio-accessible antioxidants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the First International E-Conference on Antioxidants in Health and Disease)
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17 pages, 3518 KiB  
Article
Protective Effects of Cannabidiol on the Membrane Proteome of UVB-Irradiated Keratinocytes
by Sinemyiz Atalay, Agnieszka Gęgotek and Elżbieta Skrzydlewska
Antioxidants 2021, 10(3), 402; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antiox10030402 - 08 Mar 2021
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 3019
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation contained in sunlight disturbs the redox state of skin cells, leading to changes in the structures and functions of macromolecules including components of biological membranes. Cannabidiol (CBD), which accumulates in biomembranes, may be a promising protective antioxidant compound. Accordingly, the [...] Read more.
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation contained in sunlight disturbs the redox state of skin cells, leading to changes in the structures and functions of macromolecules including components of biological membranes. Cannabidiol (CBD), which accumulates in biomembranes, may be a promising protective antioxidant compound. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to compare the effects of short-term (24 h) and long-term (48 h) CBD application on the proteomic profile of biological membranes in UVB-irradiated keratinocytes. The data obtained show that UVB radiation quantitatively and qualitatively modified cell membrane proteins, with a particular research focus on adducts of proteins with the lipid peroxidation products malondialdehyde (MDA) or 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE). CBD application reduced the UVB-enhanced level of these protein adducts. This was particularly notable amongst proteins related to cell proliferation and apoptosis. Moreover, CBD dramatically increased the UVB-induced expression of proteins involved in the regulation of protein translation and cell proliferation (S3a/L13a/L7a ribosomal proteins), the inflammatory response (S100/S100-A6 proteins), and maintenance of redox balance (peroxiredoxin-1, carbonyl reductase 1, and aldo-keto reductase family 1 members). In contrast, CBD effects on the level of 4-HNE-protein adducts involved in the antioxidant response and proteasomal degradation process indicate that CBD may protect keratinocytes in connection with protein catabolism processes or pro-apoptotic action. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the First International E-Conference on Antioxidants in Health and Disease)
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