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Applied Nano
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Formation of Advanced Nanomaterials by Gas-Phase Aggregation
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Formation of Advanced Nanomaterials by Gas-Phase Aggregation

A special issue of Applied Nano (ISSN 2673-3501).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2020) | Viewed by 24820

Printed Edition Available!
A printed edition of this Special Issue is available here.

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Vladimir N. Popok

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
Interests: cluster beam synthesis; optical and electronic properties of nanostructures; ion-implanted polymers; III-N semiconductor materials
Dr. Ondřej Kylián

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Macromolecular Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, V Holešovičkách 2, 180 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic
Interests: plasma deposition; gas-phase synthesis of nanoparticles; nanocomposites; functional coatings
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We intend to launch a Special Issue in Applied Nano on “Formation of Advanced Nanomaterials by Gas-Phase Aggregation”, which will be guest edited by Dr. Vladimir Popok and Dr. Ondřej Kylián. Relevant topics to be addressed are as follows:

  • Synthesis and functionalization of nanoparticles using gas-aggregation methods;
  • Novel approaches and techniques in cluster synthesis and deposition;
  • Applications of nanomaterials prepared by gas-phase aggregation.

Considering your extensive expertise and previous publications, we would like to invite you to submit a regular paper or communication on the above topics for publication in this Special lssue. The deadline for the submission is 30 September 2020 with the aim of publishing the Special lssue in fall 2020. All submissions will undergo the peer-review system of Applied Nano, after which submissions will be considered for publication.
Applied Nano is a new interdisciplinary open Access journal of MDPI devoted to publish original works (reviews, regular research papers and communications) in any field of study involving the application of nanoscience and nanotechnology.

100% discount of Article Processing Charge will apply to the submissions accepted for publication in this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Vladimir N. Popok
Dr. Ondřej Kylián
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Nano is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1000 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • gas-phase synthesis and functionalization of nanoparticles
  • cluster sources and related techniques
  • applications of nanomaterials prepared by gas-aggregation

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Editorial

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3 pages, 207 KiB  
Editorial
Formation of Advanced Nanomaterials by Gas-Phase Aggregation
by Vladimir N. Popok and Ondřej Kylián
Appl. Nano 2021, 2(1), 82-84; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/applnano2010007 - 19 Mar 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2770
Abstract
Gas aggregation is a well-known phenomenon, often seen in nature under temperature lowering, as, for example, cloud, fog or haze formation [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Formation of Advanced Nanomaterials by Gas-Phase Aggregation)

Research

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6 pages, 1995 KiB  
Article
Influence of the Parameters of Cluster Ions on the Formation of Nanostructures on the KTP Surface
by Ivan V. Nikolaev and Nikolay G. Korobeishchikov
Appl. Nano 2021, 2(1), 25-30; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/applnano2010003 - 23 Jan 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2174
Abstract
In this work, the formation of periodic nanostructures on the surface of potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) has been demonstrated. The surface of KTP single crystals after the processing of argon cluster ions with different energy per cluster atom E/Nmean = [...] Read more.
In this work, the formation of periodic nanostructures on the surface of potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) has been demonstrated. The surface of KTP single crystals after the processing of argon cluster ions with different energy per cluster atom E/Nmean = 12.5 and 110 eV/atom has been studied using atomic force microscopy (AFM). To characterize the nanostructures, the power spectral density (PSD) functions have been used. The features of the formation of periodic nanostructures are revealed depending on the incident angle of clusters and different energy per atom in clusters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Formation of Advanced Nanomaterials by Gas-Phase Aggregation)
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15 pages, 5543 KiB  
Article
Spontaneous Formation of Core@shell Co@Cr Nanoparticles by Gas Phase Synthesis
by Jimena Soler-Morala, Elizabeth M. Jefremovas, Lidia Martínez, Álvaro Mayoral, Elena H. Sánchez, Jose A. De Toro, Elena Navarro and Yves Huttel
Appl. Nano 2020, 1(1), 87-101; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/applnano1010007 - 01 Dec 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3527
Abstract
This work presents the gas phase synthesis of CoCr nanoparticles using a magnetron-based gas aggregation source. The effect of the particle size and Co/Cr ratio on the properties of the nanoparticles is investigated. In particular, we report the synthesis of nanoparticles from two [...] Read more.
This work presents the gas phase synthesis of CoCr nanoparticles using a magnetron-based gas aggregation source. The effect of the particle size and Co/Cr ratio on the properties of the nanoparticles is investigated. In particular, we report the synthesis of nanoparticles from two alloy targets, Co90Cr10 and Co80Cr20. In the first case, we observe a size threshold for the spontaneous formation of a segregated core@shell structure, related to the surface to volume ratio. When this ratio is above one, a shell cannot be properly formed, whereas when this ratio decreases below unity the proportion of Cr atoms is high enough to allow the formation of a shell. In the latter case, the segregation of the Cr atoms towards the surface gives rise to the formation of a shell surrounding the Co core. When the proportion of Cr is increased in the target (Co80Cr20), a thicker shell is spontaneously formed for a similar nanoparticle size. The magnetic response was evaluated, and the influence of the structure and composition of the nanoparticles is discussed. An enhancement of the global magnetic anisotropy caused by exchange bias and dipolar interactions, which enables the thermal stability of the studied small particles up to relatively large temperatures, is reported. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Formation of Advanced Nanomaterials by Gas-Phase Aggregation)
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11 pages, 1784 KiB  
Article
Fabrication of High-Aspect-Ratio Cylindrical Micro-Structures Based on Electroactive Ionogel/Gold Nanocomposite
by Edoardo Milana, Tommaso Santaniello, Paolo Azzini, Lorenzo Migliorini and Paolo Milani
Appl. Nano 2020, 1(1), 59-69; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/applnano1010005 - 26 Oct 2020
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2720
Abstract
We present a fabrication process to realize 3D high-aspect-ratio cylindrical micro-structures of soft ionogel/gold nanocomposites by combining replica molding and Supersonic Cluster Beam Deposition (SCBD). Cylinders’ metallic masters (0.5 mm in diameter) are used to fabricate polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) molds, where the ionogel is [...] Read more.
We present a fabrication process to realize 3D high-aspect-ratio cylindrical micro-structures of soft ionogel/gold nanocomposites by combining replica molding and Supersonic Cluster Beam Deposition (SCBD). Cylinders’ metallic masters (0.5 mm in diameter) are used to fabricate polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) molds, where the ionogel is casted and UV cured. The replicated ionogel cylinders (aspect ratio > 20) are subsequently metallized through SCBD to integrate nanostructured gold electrodes (150 nm thick) into the polymer. Nanocomposite thin films are characterized in terms of electrochemical properties, exhibiting large double layer capacitance (24 μF/cm2) and suitable ionic conductivity (0.05 mS/cm) for charge transport across the network. Preliminary actuation tests show that the nanocomposite is able to respond to low intensity electric fields (applied voltage from 2.5 V to 5 V), with potential applications for the development of artificial smart micro-structures with motility behavior inspired by that of natural ciliate systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Formation of Advanced Nanomaterials by Gas-Phase Aggregation)
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11 pages, 1839 KiB  
Article
Effect of Ag Nanoparticle Size on Ion Formation in Nanoparticle Assisted LDI MS
by Vadym Prysiazhnyi, Filip Dycka, Jiri Kratochvil, Vitezslav Stranak and Vladimir N. Popok
Appl. Nano 2020, 1(1), 3-13; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/applnano1010002 - 24 Aug 2020
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3333
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles (NPs) were reported as an efficient matrix for detection of small molecules using laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. Their pronounced efficiency is mostly in desorption enhancement, while, in some cases, NPs can facilitate charge transfer to a molecule, which has been reported [...] Read more.
Metal nanoparticles (NPs) were reported as an efficient matrix for detection of small molecules using laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. Their pronounced efficiency is mostly in desorption enhancement, while, in some cases, NPs can facilitate charge transfer to a molecule, which has been reported for alkali metals and silver. In this work, we present the study of the influence of Ag NP size on the laser desorption/ionization mass spectra of a model analyte, the molecule of riboflavin. The NPs were produced by magnetron sputtering-based gas aggregation in a vacuum and mass-filtered before the deposition on substrates. It was found that the utilization of smaller Ag NPs (below 15 nm in diameter) considerably enhanced the molecule desorption. In contrast, the laser irradiation of the samples with larger NPs led to the increased ablation of silver, resulting in [analyte + Ag]+ adduct formation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Formation of Advanced Nanomaterials by Gas-Phase Aggregation)
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Review

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17 pages, 2660 KiB  
Review
Nanoparticles Synthesised in the Gas-Phase and Their Applications in Sensors: A Review
by Evangelos Skotadis, Evangelos Aslanidis, Maria Kainourgiaki and Dimitris Tsoukalas
Appl. Nano 2020, 1(1), 70-86; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/applnano1010006 - 03 Nov 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3618
Abstract
This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of recent advances in the use of gas-phase synthesized nanoparticles in the field of sensing technology. Since there are numerous and diverse reviews that already cover the subject extensively, this review focuses predominantly but not [...] Read more.
This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of recent advances in the use of gas-phase synthesized nanoparticles in the field of sensing technology. Since there are numerous and diverse reviews that already cover the subject extensively, this review focuses predominantly but not exclusively on gas-phase synthesized metallic nanoparticles and their most prominent sensing-applications. After a brief overview on the main uses of nanoparticles in science and technology, as well as a description of the dominant fabrication methods, the review discusses their incorporation in strain-sensing, chemical sensing and bio-sensing as well as a few other sensing-applications. The review highlights the inherent advantages of nanoparticles, as well as how they combine with flexible gas-phase synthesis processes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Formation of Advanced Nanomaterials by Gas-Phase Aggregation)
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34 pages, 8801 KiB  
Review
Gas-Phase Synthesis of Functional Nanomaterials
by Vladimir N. Popok and Ondřej Kylián
Appl. Nano 2020, 1(1), 25-58; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/applnano1010004 - 02 Oct 2020
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 5679
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) of different types, especially those of metals and metal oxides, are widely used in research and industry for a variety of applications utilising their unique physical and chemical properties. In this article, the focus is put on the fabrication of nanomaterials [...] Read more.
Nanoparticles (NPs) of different types, especially those of metals and metal oxides, are widely used in research and industry for a variety of applications utilising their unique physical and chemical properties. In this article, the focus is put on the fabrication of nanomaterials by means of gas-phase aggregation, also known as the cluster beam technique. A short overview of the history of cluster sources development emphasising the main milestones is presented followed by the description of different regimes of cluster-surface interaction, namely, soft-landing, pinning, sputtering and implantation. The key phenomena and effects for every regime are discussed. The review is continued by the sections describing applications of nanomaterials produced by gas aggregation. These parts critically analyse the pros and cons of the cluster beam approach for catalysis, formation of ferromagnetic and superparamagnetic NPs, applications in sensor and detection technologies as well as the synthesis of coatings and composite films containing NPs in research and industrial applications covering a number of different areas, such as electronics, tribology, biology and medicine. At the end, the current state of the knowledge on the synthesis of nanomaterials using gas aggregation is summarised and the strategies towards industrial applications are outlined. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Formation of Advanced Nanomaterials by Gas-Phase Aggregation)
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