Satellite Observations of Ocean–Atmosphere Interaction

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Meteorology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (23 April 2024) | Viewed by 6020

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Institute of Oceanology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 81-712 Sopot, Poland
Interests: oceanography; climate studies; sustainability; environmental studies
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Dear Colleagues,

Decades of advances in satellite monitoring potential and capabilities have resulted in a great magnitude of scientific datasets from local to global scales, which are useful to many stakeholders, including researchers, policy makers, and the general public. However, the interpretation of the signals detected on a satellite is much more difficult as compared to ground measurements, while aerosols and clouds are still among the major difficulties in satellite observations, and atmospheric aerosol forcing is one of the greatest uncertainties in our understanding of the climate system.

The use of various satellites has generated multiple types of data, leading to the generation of aerosol products such as aerosol spatial distribution, temporal variation, fraction of fine and coarse modes, vertical distribution, light absorption, and some spectral characteristics. This information can be used to detect sources of aerosol emissions, aerosol pathways, as well as interactions between aerosols and energy and water cycles. The synergetic use of data from different satellite sensors provides more comprehensive information to better quantify the direct and indirect effects of aerosols on the Earth’s climate. This is especially helpful over the ocean, where ground-truth studies are limited to shipborne observations, which are difficult and costly, not to mention the scale of the aerial coverage vs. the research potential. Other crucial parameters retrieved from satellite ocean observations that are crucial in climate parametrizations include: SST, surface wind stress, ocean color and global weather patterns.  

We welcome submissions related to:

  • Comparisons of ground-truth and satellite aerosol measurements over the ocean;
  • Descriptions of field work results;
  • Description of aerosol studies over the ocean;
  • Models vs. observations;
  • Descriptions of all crucial studies involving SST, surface wind stress, and ocean color.

Dr. Tymon P. Zielinski
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • transformation of aerosol optical properties
  • ground truth vs. satellite observations
  • radiative balance/radiative forcing
  • remote sensing
  • field and theoretical studies

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

32 pages, 451 KiB  
Article
Thermodynamics of Evaporation from the Ocean Surface
by Rainer Feistel and Olaf Hellmuth
Atmosphere 2023, 14(3), 560; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/atmos14030560 - 15 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 5452
Abstract
Adopted by the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO in 2010 and the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) in 2011, the Thermodynamic Equation of Seawater 2010 (TEOS-10) is the current geophysical standard for the thermodynamic properties of humid air, seawater and [...] Read more.
Adopted by the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO in 2010 and the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) in 2011, the Thermodynamic Equation of Seawater 2010 (TEOS-10) is the current geophysical standard for the thermodynamic properties of humid air, seawater and ice. TEOS-10 equations for evaporation and sublimation enthalpies are derived mathematically from the thermodynamic potential of a »sea air« model, denoting a multi-phase equilibrium composite of the geophysical aqueous mixtures. To estimating evaporation rates from the ocean, Dalton equations in various versions are implemented in numerical climate models. Some of those equations appear to be biased on climatic time scales if compared with proper thermodynamic driving forces. Such equations may lead to a spurious amplification of the hydrological cycle and an implied effect of cooling oceans. As an unbiased alternative, Dalton equations are proposed in terms of TEOS-10 relative fugacity (RF) or its conventional relative humidity (RH) approximations. With respect to RH uncertainties or trends, the substantial sensitivity of the evaporation flux may be estimated to be as much as 5 W m−2 per 1 %rh. Within a maximum error of only 0.04 %rh, sea-surface RF may be approximated in terms of dew-point or frost-point temperatures using a simple formula. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Satellite Observations of Ocean–Atmosphere Interaction)
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