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Batteries
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Electrochemical Capacitors
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Electrochemical Capacitors

A special issue of Batteries (ISSN 2313-0105).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (16 April 2020) | Viewed by 32930

Printed Edition Available!
A printed edition of this Special Issue is available here.

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Seiji Kumagai

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Graduate School of Engineering Science, Department of Mathematical Science and Electrical-Electronic-Computer Engineering, Tegata Campus, Akita University, Akita 010-8502, Japan
Interests: energy storage system; supercapacitors; lithium-ion batteries; lithium-ion capacitors; electric double-layer capacitors; biomass; burnt rice husk charcoal
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Daisuke Tashima

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical Engineering, Fukuoka Institute of Technology, Fukuoka 811-0295, Japan
Interests: supercapacitors; metal air fuel cells; proton exchange membrane fuel cells; lead acid battery
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Electric energy storage devices have been strongly progressing to meet ever-increasing demand from several promising sectors such as automobiles, renewable energies and mobile gadgets. Electrochemical capacitors have been accepted as the key elements for realizing charge–discharge cycling with high power density, high efficiency and long life. Supercapacitors (electric double-layer capacitors, pseudocapacitors, and hybrid capacitors) and aluminum electrolytic capacitors are typical modern electrochemical capacitors. It is now timely to publish a Special Issue targeting wide range of recent technological developments and case reports on specific applications related to electrochemical capacitors.

The journal Batteries invites contributions to this Special Issue featuring the recent technological developments in electrochemical capacitors, mainly targeting electric double-layer capacitors, pseudocapacitors, hybrid capacitors, lithium-ion capacitors, and aluminum electrolytic capacitors. The accumulation of cutting-edge knowledge and the latest experience will contribute to the advancement of energy storage technology.

Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:

  1. Working mechanism studies of electrochemical capacitors
  2. Correlations between the properties of device components (electrode active material, conductive agent, binder, current collector, electrolyte, separator, etc.) and the charge–discharge performance of electrochemical capacitors
  3. Aging behavior and modeling of electrochemical capacitors in various working conditions
  4. Diagnosis or monitoring technology of electrochemical capacitors
  5. Case studies of prototypes or commercial electrochemical capacitors used in industrial fields and special environments
  6. Hybridization of electrochemical capacitors with other types of energy devices such as secondary batteries and fuel cells

Prof. Seiji Kumagai
Prof. Daisuke Tashima
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Batteries is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Electrochemical capacitors
  • Supercapacitors
  • Electric double-layer capacitors
  • Pseudocapacitors
  • Hybrid capacitors
  • Lithium-ion capacitors
  • Aluminum electrolyte capacitors
  • Electrode
  • Electrolyte
  • Aging
  • Diagnosis
  • Monitoring

Published Papers (5 papers)

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16 pages, 14255 KiB  
Article
Effect of Ball Milling on the Electrochemical Performance of Activated Carbon with a Very High Specific Surface Area
by Takuya Eguchi, Yugo Kanamoto, Masahiro Tomioka, Daisuke Tashima and Seiji Kumagai
Batteries 2020, 6(2), 22; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/batteries6020022 - 14 Apr 2020
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 5374
Abstract
Activated carbon (AC) with a very high specific surface area of >3000 m2 g−1 and a number of course particles (average size: 75 µm) was pulverized by means of planetary ball milling under different conditions to find its greatest performances as [...] Read more.
Activated carbon (AC) with a very high specific surface area of >3000 m2 g−1 and a number of course particles (average size: 75 µm) was pulverized by means of planetary ball milling under different conditions to find its greatest performances as the active material of an electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC) using a nonaqueous electrolyte. The variations in textural properties and particle morphology of the AC during the ball milling were investigated. The electrochemical performance (specific capacitance, rate and cyclic stabilities, and Ragone plot, both from gravimetric and volumetric viewpoints) was also evaluated for the ACs milled with different particle size distributions. A trade-off relation between the pulverization and the porosity maintenance of the AC was observed within the limited milling time. However, prolonged milling led to a degeneration of pores within the AC and a saturation of pulverization degree. The appropriate milling time provided the AC a high volumetric specific capacitance, as well as the greatest maintenance of both the gravimetric and volumetric specific capacitance. A high volumetric energy density of 6.6 Wh L−1 was attained at the high-power density of 1 kW L−1, which was a 35% increment compared with the nonmilled AC. The electrode densification (decreased interparticle gap) and the enhanced ion-transportation within the AC pores, which were attributed to the pulverization, were responsible for those excellent performances. It was also shown that excessive milling could degrade the EDLC performances because of the lowered micro- and meso-porosity and the excessive electrode densification to restrict the ion-transportation within the pores. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Capacitors)
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12 pages, 3577 KiB  
Article
Synthesis of a NiMoO4/3D-rGO Nanocomposite via Starch Medium Precipitation Method for Supercapacitor Performance
by Shahrzad Arshadi Rastabi, Rasoul Sarraf Mamoory, Nicklas Blomquist, Manisha Phadatare and Håkan Olin
Batteries 2020, 6(1), 5; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/batteries6010005 - 15 Jan 2020
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 5557
Abstract
This paper presents research on the synergistic effects of nickel molybdate and reduced graphene oxide as a nanocomposite for further development of energy storage systems. An enhancement in the electrochemical performance of supercapacitor electrodes occurs by synthesizing highly porous structures and achieving more [...] Read more.
This paper presents research on the synergistic effects of nickel molybdate and reduced graphene oxide as a nanocomposite for further development of energy storage systems. An enhancement in the electrochemical performance of supercapacitor electrodes occurs by synthesizing highly porous structures and achieving more surface area. In this work, a chemical precipitation technique was used to synthesize the NiMoO4/3D-rGO nanocomposite in a starch media. Starch was used to develop the porosities of the nanostructure. A temperature of 350 °C was applied to transform graphene oxide sheets to reduced graphene oxide and remove the starch to obtain the NiMoO4/3D-rGO nanocomposite with porous structure. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the NiMoO4 nano particles indicated a monoclinic structure. Also, the scanning electron microscope observation showed that the NiMoO4 NPs were dispersed across the rGO sheets. The electrochemical results of the NiMoO4/3D-rGO electrode revealed that the incorporation of rGO sheets with NiMoO4 NPs increased the capacity of the nanocomposite. Therefore, a significant increase in the specific capacity of the electrode was observed with the NiMoO4/3D-rGO nanocomposite (450 Cg−1 or 900 Fg−1) when compared with bare NiMoO4 nanoparticles (350 Cg−1 or 700 Fg−1) at the current density of 1 A g−1. Our findings show that the incorporation of rGO and NiMoO4 NP redox reactions with a porous structure can benefit the future development of supercapacitors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Capacitors)
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26 pages, 7293 KiB  
Article
Energy Management of a DC Microgrid Composed of Photovoltaic/Fuel Cell/Battery/Supercapacitor Systems
by Ahmed A. Kamel, Hegazy Rezk, Nabila Shehata and Jean Thomas
Batteries 2019, 5(3), 63; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/batteries5030063 - 19 Sep 2019
Cited by 40 | Viewed by 9727
Abstract
In this paper, a classic proportional–integral (PI) control strategy as an energy management strategy (EMS) and a microgrid stand-alone power system configuration are proposed to work independently out of grid. The proposed system combines photovoltaics (PVs), fuel cells (FCs), batteries, and supercapacitors (SCs). [...] Read more.
In this paper, a classic proportional–integral (PI) control strategy as an energy management strategy (EMS) and a microgrid stand-alone power system configuration are proposed to work independently out of grid. The proposed system combines photovoltaics (PVs), fuel cells (FCs), batteries, and supercapacitors (SCs). The system supplies a dump load with its demand power. The system includes DC/DC and DC/AC converters, as well as a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) to maximize the harvested energy from PV array. The system advantages are represented to overcome the problem of each source when used individually and to optimize the hydrogen consumption. The classic PI control strategy is used to control the main system parameters like FC current and the state-of-charge (SOC) for the battery and SC. In order to analyze and monitor the system, it was implemented in the MATLAB/Simulink. The simulation done for fuzzy logic and high frequency decoupling and state machine control strategies to validate the PI classic control strategy. The obtained results confirmed that the system works efficiently as a microgrid system. The results show that the SOC for the battery is kept between 56 and 65.4%, which is considered a proper value for such types of batteries. The DC bus voltage (VDC) is kept within the acceptable level. Moreover, the H2 fuel consumption is 12.1 gm, as the FCs are used as supported sources working with the PV. A big area for improvement is available for cost saving, which suggests the need for further research through system optimization and employing different control strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Capacitors)
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10 pages, 15862 KiB  
Article
Copper-Decorated CNTs as a Possible Electrode Material in Supercapacitors
by Mateusz Ciszewski, Dawid Janas and Krzysztof K. Koziol
Batteries 2019, 5(3), 60; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/batteries5030060 - 3 Sep 2019
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 5857
Abstract
Copper is probably one of the most important metal used in the broad range of electronic applications. It has been developed for many decades, and so it is very hard to make any further advances in its electrical and thermal performance by simply [...] Read more.
Copper is probably one of the most important metal used in the broad range of electronic applications. It has been developed for many decades, and so it is very hard to make any further advances in its electrical and thermal performance by simply changing the manufacture to even more oxygen-free conditions. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) due to their excellent electrical, thermal and mechanical properties seem like an ideal component to produce Cu-CNT composites of superior electrochemical performance. In this report we present whether Cu-CNT contact has a beneficial influence for manufacturing of a new type of carbon-based supercapacitor with embedded copper particles. The prepared electrode material was examined in symmetric cell configuration. The specific capacity and cyclability of composite were compared to parent CNT and oxidized CNT. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Capacitors)
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16 pages, 4556 KiB  
Case Report
From Bench-Scale to Prototype: Case Study on a Nickel Hydroxide—Activated Carbon Hybrid Energy Storage Device
by Alberto Adan-Mas, Pablo Arévalo-Cid, Teresa Moura e Silva, João Crespo and Maria de Fatima Montemor
Batteries 2019, 5(4), 65; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/batteries5040065 - 15 Oct 2019
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 5802
Abstract
Hybrid capacitors have been developed to bridge the gap between batteries and ultracapacitors. These devices combine a capacitive electrode and a battery-like material to achieve high energy-density high power-density devices with good cycling stability. In the quest of improved electrochemical responses, several hybrid [...] Read more.
Hybrid capacitors have been developed to bridge the gap between batteries and ultracapacitors. These devices combine a capacitive electrode and a battery-like material to achieve high energy-density high power-density devices with good cycling stability. In the quest of improved electrochemical responses, several hybrid devices have been proposed. However, they are usually limited to bench-scale prototypes that would likely face severe challenges during a scaling up process. The present case study reports the production of a hybrid prototype consisting of commercial activated carbon and nickel-cobalt hydroxide, obtained by chemical co-precipitation, separated by means of polyolefin-based paper. Developed to power a 12 W LED light, these materials were assembled and characterized in a coin-cell configuration and stacked to increase device voltage. All the processes have been adapted and constrained to scalable conditions to ensure reliable production of a pre-commercial device. Important challenges and limitations of this process, from geometrical constraints to increased resistance, are reported alongside their impact and optimization on the final performance, stability, and metrics of the assembled prototype. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Capacitors)
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