Prostate Cancer Biomarkers and Therapeutics

A special issue of Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biomarkers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2024 | Viewed by 2599

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
School of Engineering Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
Interests: prostate cancer; biomarkers; therapeutics; chemotherapy; immunotherapy; radiation therapy; machine learning

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men worldwide. Although the five-year survival rate is 98%, the disease presents remarkable heterogeneity in its progression and seems to be influenced not only by genetics and family history but also by race, diet and lifestyle. Since early detection is key to increased survival, significant developments have occurred recently with the advent of biomarkers such as PSA, PCA3, TMPRSS2-ERG fusion, etc. However, many of the screening biomarkers suffer from poor specificity and sensitivity and do not accurately predict survival or treatment outcomes. Thus, the development of new biomarkers and/or strategies for the incorporation of existing biomarkers with machine learning technology is urgently needed for accurate personalized diagnosis and treatment outcome predictions. On the treatment front, there has been an increase in the availability of new therapies, including targeted, combinatorial and immunotherapies. Although the mainstay of the therapy is targeting the androgen signaling axis, new strategies have recently been developed that are improving radiation and chemotherapy outcomes through the utilization of immune-targeted radiation therapy and personalized combinatorial chemo and immunotherapy. This Special Issue aims to consolidate recent advancements in prostate cancer biomarkers and therapeutics, which will be of interest to both researchers and clinicians.

Dr. Kamlesh Kumar Yadav
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • prostate cancer
  • biomarkers
  • therapeutics
  • chemotherapy
  • immunotherapy
  • radiation therapy
  • machine learning

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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9 pages, 440 KiB  
Article
Effect of 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors on Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Prostate Cancer Detection
by Juan Morote, Natàlia Picola, Jesús Muñoz-Rodriguez, Nahuel Paesano, Xavier Ruiz-Plazas, Marta V. Muñoz-Rivero, Ana Celma, Gemma García-de Manuel, Berta Miró, Pol Servian and José M. Abascal
Biomolecules 2024, 14(2), 193; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/biom14020193 - 05 Feb 2024
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Abstract
Concerns exist regarding the effects of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (5-ARIs) on multipa-rametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) detection. Our objective is to analyze the effect of 5-ARI on the prostate imaging–reporting and data system (PI-RADS) distribution and csPCa [...] Read more.
Concerns exist regarding the effects of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (5-ARIs) on multipa-rametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) detection. Our objective is to analyze the effect of 5-ARI on the prostate imaging–reporting and data system (PI-RADS) distribution and csPCa and insignificant PCa (iPCa) detection. Among 2212 men with serum prostate-specific antigen levels of >3.0 ng/mL and/or suspicious digital rectal examinations who underwent mpMRI and targeted and/or systematic biopsies, 120 individuals exposed to 5-ARI treatment for over a year were identified. CsPCa was defined when the grade group (GG) was >2. The overall csPCa and iPCa detection rates were 44.6% and 18.8%, respectively. Since logistic regression revealed independent predictors of PCa, a randomized matched group of 236 individuals was selected for analysis. The PI-RADS distribution was comparable with 5-ARI exposure (p 0.685). The CsPCa detection rates in 5-ARI-naïve men and 5-ARI-exposed men were 52.6% and 47.4%, respectively (p 0.596). IPCa was detected in 37.6 and 62.5%, respectively (p 0.089). The tumor GG distribution based on 5-ARI exposure was similar (p 0.149) to the rates of csPCa and iPCa across the PI-RADS categories. We conclude that exposure to 5-ARI in suspected PCa men did not change the PI-RADS distribution and the csPCa and iPCa detection rates. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prostate Cancer Biomarkers and Therapeutics)
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Review

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18 pages, 756 KiB  
Review
Caspase-Linked Programmed Cell Death in Prostate Cancer: From Apoptosis, Necroptosis, and Pyroptosis to PANoptosis
by Minggang Zhu, Di Liu, Guoqiang Liu, Mingrui Zhang and Feng Pan
Biomolecules 2023, 13(12), 1715; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/biom13121715 - 28 Nov 2023
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Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a complex disease and the cause of one of the highest cancer-related mortalities in men worldwide. Annually, more than 1.2 million new cases are diagnosed globally, accounting for 7% of newly diagnosed cancers in men. Programmed cell death (PCD) [...] Read more.
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a complex disease and the cause of one of the highest cancer-related mortalities in men worldwide. Annually, more than 1.2 million new cases are diagnosed globally, accounting for 7% of newly diagnosed cancers in men. Programmed cell death (PCD) plays an essential role in removing infected, functionally dispensable, or potentially neoplastic cells. Apoptosis is the canonical form of PCD with no inflammatory responses elicited, and the close relationship between apoptosis and PCa has been well studied. Necroptosis and pyroptosis are two lytic forms of PCD that result in the release of intracellular contents, which induce inflammatory responses. An increasing number of studies have confirmed that necroptosis and pyroptosis are also closely related to the occurrence and progression of PCa. Recently, a novel form of PCD named PANoptosis, which is a combination of apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis, revealed the attached connection among them and may be a promising target for PCa. Apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and PANoptosis are good examples to better understand the mechanism underlying PCD in PCa. This review aims to summarize the emerging roles and therapeutic potential of apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and PANoptosis in PCa. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prostate Cancer Biomarkers and Therapeutics)
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