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Focusing on Free Radicals in Oxidative Stress-Related Human Diseases: Perspectives...
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Focusing on Free Radicals in Oxidative Stress-Related Human Diseases: Perspectives and Therapeutical Approaches

A special issue of Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2022) | Viewed by 8451

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Luciana Bordin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Women's and Children's Health—SDB, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35131 Padova, Italy
Interests: protein purification; protein tyr-phosphorylation and dephosphorylation; inflammatory and metabolic dìseases; oxidative stress; eryptosis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

The modulation of oxidative stress appears to be a key therapeutic target in various diseases, including inflammatory, endocrinological, neurological and psychiatric disorders and cancers.

In the last few decades, the study of oxidative stress biomarkers that can not only be used to monitor clinical conditions, but also provide information about the efficacy of treatments, is gaining a growing interest. Useful biomarkers should show specificity (diagnostic tools), have prognostic value, and correlate with disease conditions, especially when coupled with specific therapeutic targets to help in the selection of the most effective drugs/dose regimens for patients.

The most appropriate antioxidant defense should prevent the formation of reactive oxygen species by decreasing their precursors or increasing defense activity, but contrasting results are arising for the use of antioxidant therapies in oxidative-stress prevention or the treatment of related diseases.

This Special Issue will cover all topics related to oxidative-stress-related human diseases and will especially welcome submissions of manuscripts on redox mechanisms and the pathophysiology underlying the roles of biomarkers and bioactive compounds as useful tools for potential therapeutic purposes. It should be noted that this Special Issue will consider the publication of both review articles and original research articles.

Dr. Luciana Bordin
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomolecules is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Oxidative stress
  • Inflammatory diseases
  • Endocrinological disorders
  • Ferroptosis
  • Apoptosis

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 4261 KiB  
Article
Suppressing Hepatic UGT1A1 Increases Plasma Bilirubin, Lowers Plasma Urobilin, Reorganizes Kinase Signaling Pathways and Lipid Species and Improves Fatty Liver Disease
by Evelyn A. Bates, Zachary A. Kipp, Genesee J. Martinez, Olufunto O. Badmus, Mangala M. Soundarapandian, Donald Foster, Mei Xu, Justin F. Creeden, Jennifer R. Greer, Andrew J. Morris, David E. Stec and Terry D. Hinds, Jr.
Biomolecules 2023, 13(2), 252; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/biom13020252 - 29 Jan 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2232
Abstract
Several population studies have observed lower serum bilirubin levels in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Yet, treatments to target this metabolic phenotype have not been explored. Therefore, we designed an N-Acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) labeled RNAi to target the enzyme that clears bilirubin [...] Read more.
Several population studies have observed lower serum bilirubin levels in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Yet, treatments to target this metabolic phenotype have not been explored. Therefore, we designed an N-Acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) labeled RNAi to target the enzyme that clears bilirubin from the blood, the UGT1A1 glucuronyl enzyme (GNUR). In this study, male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD, 60%) for 30 weeks to induce NAFLD and were treated subcutaneously with GNUR or sham (CTRL) once weekly for six weeks while continuing the HFD. The results show that GNUR treatments significantly raised plasma bilirubin levels and reduced plasma levels of the bilirubin catabolized product, urobilin. We show that GNUR decreased liver fat content and ceramide production via lipidomics and lowered fasting blood glucose and insulin levels. We performed extensive kinase activity analyses using our PamGene PamStation kinome technology and found a reorganization of the kinase pathways and a significant decrease in inflammatory mediators with GNUR versus CTRL treatments. These results demonstrate that GNUR increases plasma bilirubin and reduces plasma urobilin, reducing NAFLD and inflammation and improving overall liver health. These data indicate that UGT1A1 antagonism might serve as a treatment for NAFLD and may improve obesity-associated comorbidities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Focusing on Free Radicals in Oxidative Stress-Related Human Diseases: Perspectives and Therapeutical Approaches)
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Review

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22 pages, 2265 KiB  
Review
Targeting Oxidative Stress Involved in Endometriosis and Its Pain
by Lauren Clower, Taylor Fleshman, Werner J. Geldenhuys and Nalini Santanam
Biomolecules 2022, 12(8), 1055; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/biom12081055 - 29 Jul 2022
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 5554
Abstract
Endometriosis is a common gynecological disorder seen in women and is characterized by chronic pelvic pain and infertility. This disorder is becoming more prevalent with increased morbidity. The etiology of endometriosis remains to be fully elucidated, which will lead to improved therapeutic options. [...] Read more.
Endometriosis is a common gynecological disorder seen in women and is characterized by chronic pelvic pain and infertility. This disorder is becoming more prevalent with increased morbidity. The etiology of endometriosis remains to be fully elucidated, which will lead to improved therapeutic options. In this review, we will evaluate the biochemical mechanisms leading to oxidative stress and their implication in the pathophysiology of endometriosis, as well as potential treatments that target these processes. A comprehensive exploration of previous research revealed that endometriosis is associated with elevated reactive oxygen species and oxidation products, decreased antioxidants and detoxification enzymes, and dysregulated iron metabolism. High levels of oxidative stress contributed to inflammation, extracellular matrix degradation, angiogenesis, and cell proliferation, which may explain its role in endometriosis. Endometriosis-associated pain was attributed to neurogenic inflammation and a feed-forward mechanism involving macrophages, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and pain-inducing prostaglandins. N-acetylcysteine, curcumin, melatonin, and combined vitamin C and E supplementation displayed promising results for the treatment of endometriosis, but further research is needed for their use in this population. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Focusing on Free Radicals in Oxidative Stress-Related Human Diseases: Perspectives and Therapeutical Approaches)
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