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Cancers
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Experimental and Clinical Advances in Counteracting Progression of Solid Cancers...
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Experimental and Clinical Advances in Counteracting Progression of Solid Cancers Volume II

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Research of Cancer".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2023) | Viewed by 4865

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Paola Ferrari

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana (AOUP), via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy
Interests: breast and gastrointestinal cancer follow-up and therapy; breast cancer biomarkers and prognostic factors; cancer immunology; circulating tumor cells; cancer stem cells
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Andrea Nicolini

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa, Santa Chiara Hospital, via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy
Interests: breast and gastrointestinal cancer
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This collection is the second edition of the Special Issue “Experimental and Clinical Advances in Counteracting Progression of Solid Cancers” (https://0-www-mdpi-com.brum.beds.ac.uk/journal/cancers/special_issues/Advances_Solid_Cancers).

Cancer is a complex and difficult genetic disease. The current model describes cancer as sustaining proliferative signalling, evading growth suppressors, resisting cell death, enabling replicative immortality, inducing angiogenesis, activating invasion and metastasis, reprogramming energy and metabolism, and evading immune destruction the principal hallmarks promoting cancer progression. All of these occur within the context of chronic inflammation and genomic instability, which are two additional, more recently defined hallmarks. Moreover, the cross-talk between cancer cells and the tumour microenvironment significantly contributes to cancer evolution. Detectable metastatic disease is commonly uncurable and accounts for most cancer deaths. Understanding the genetic and biological mechanisms sustaining progression from cancer initiation to overt metastatic disease is crucial to efficaciously treat cancer. Although we have come a long way, cancer remains a "work in progress" and a huge social problem. There are many expectations around the recent advances in genetic technology, molecular biology and immunology/immunotherapy. Any experimental and clinical work potentially relevant to this Special Issue will be carefully considered for inclusion.

Dr. Paola Ferrari
Prof. Dr. Andrea Nicolini
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

 

Keywords

  • solid cancers
  • cancer progression
  • tumor cross-talk
  • cancer genetics
  • cancer molecular biology
  • cancer immunology
  • cancer immunotherapy

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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9 pages, 1504 KiB  
Communication
Omitting Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy after Neoadjuvant Systemic Therapy for Clinically Node Negative HER2 Positive and Triple Negative Breast Cancer: A Pooled Analysis
by Munaser Alamoodi, Umar Wazir, Kinan Mokbel, Neill Patani, Jajini Varghese and Kefah Mokbel
Cancers 2023, 15(13), 3325; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cancers15133325 - 24 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1354
Abstract
Recent advances in systemic treatment for breast cancer have been underpinned by recognising and exploiting subtype-specific vulnerabilities to achieve higher rates of pathologic complete response (pCR) after neo-adjuvant systemic therapy (NAST). This down-staging of disease has permitted safe surgical de-escalation in patients who [...] Read more.
Recent advances in systemic treatment for breast cancer have been underpinned by recognising and exploiting subtype-specific vulnerabilities to achieve higher rates of pathologic complete response (pCR) after neo-adjuvant systemic therapy (NAST). This down-staging of disease has permitted safe surgical de-escalation in patients who respond well. Triple-negative (TNBC) or HER2-positive breast cancer is most likely to achieve complete radiological response (rCR) and pCR after NAST. Hence, for selected patients, particularly those who are clinically node-negative (cN0) at diagnosis, the probability of disease in the sentinel node after NAST could be low enough to justify omitting axillary surgery. The aim of this pooled analysis was to determine the rate of sentinel node positivity (ypN+) in patients with TNBC or HER2-positive breast cancer who were initially cN0, achieving rCR and/or pCR in the breast after NAST. MedLine was searched using appropriate search terms. Five studies (N = 3834) were included in the pooled analysis, yielding a pooled ypN+ rate of 2.16% (95% CI: 1.70–2.63). This is significantly lower than the acceptable false negative rate of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) and supports consideration of omission of SLNB in this subset of patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Experimental and Clinical Advances in Counteracting Progression of Solid Cancers Volume II)
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Review

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20 pages, 734 KiB  
Review
Targeted Therapies and Drug Resistance in Advanced Breast Cancer, Alternative Strategies and the Way beyond
by Andrea Nicolini and Paola Ferrari
Cancers 2024, 16(2), 466; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cancers16020466 - 22 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1408
Abstract
“Targeted therapy” or “precision medicine” is a therapeutic strategy launched over two decades ago. It relies on drugs that inhibit key molecular mechanisms/pathways or genetic/epigenetic alterations that promote different cancer hallmarks. Many clinical trials, sponsored by multinational drug companies, have been carried out. [...] Read more.
“Targeted therapy” or “precision medicine” is a therapeutic strategy launched over two decades ago. It relies on drugs that inhibit key molecular mechanisms/pathways or genetic/epigenetic alterations that promote different cancer hallmarks. Many clinical trials, sponsored by multinational drug companies, have been carried out. During this time, research has increasingly uncovered the complexity of advanced breast cancer disease. Despite high expectations, patients have seen limited benefits from these clinical trials. Commonly, only a minority of trials are successful, and the few approved drugs are costly. The spread of this expensive therapeutic strategy has constrained the resources available for alternative research. Meanwhile, due to the high cost/benefit ratio, other therapeutic strategies have been proposed by researchers over time, though they are often not pursued due to a focus on precision medicine. Notable among these are drug repurposing and counteracting micrometastatic disease. The former provides an obvious answer to expensive targeted therapies, while the latter represents a new field to which efforts have recently been devoted, offering a “way beyond” the current research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Experimental and Clinical Advances in Counteracting Progression of Solid Cancers Volume II)
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13 pages, 2227 KiB  
Review
The Evolving Role of Cryosurgery in Breast Cancer Management: A Comprehensive Review
by Kefah Mokbel, Alevtina Kodresko, Heba Ghazal, Ramia Mokbel, Jon Trembley and Hussam Jouhara
Cancers 2023, 15(17), 4272; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cancers15174272 - 26 Aug 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1739
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed type of cancer, accounting for approximately one in eight cancer diagnoses worldwide. In 2020, there were approximately 2.3 million new cases of breast cancer globally, resulting in around 685,000 deaths. Consequently, there is an ongoing need [...] Read more.
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed type of cancer, accounting for approximately one in eight cancer diagnoses worldwide. In 2020, there were approximately 2.3 million new cases of breast cancer globally, resulting in around 685,000 deaths. Consequently, there is an ongoing need to develop innovative therapeutic approaches that can improve both clinical outcomes and patient quality of life. The use of ultra-low cryogenic temperatures, facilitated by cryogenic media such as liquid nitrogen, has revolutionized the biomedical field and opened up new possibilities for advanced clinical treatments, including cryosurgery. Cryosurgery has demonstrated its feasibility as a minimally invasive technique for destroying breast tumors and eliciting a significant antitumor immune response in the host. This feature sets cryosurgery apart from other ablative techniques. It has been shown to be well tolerated and effective, offering several advantages such as simplicity, the avoidance of general anesthesia, minimal pain, low morbidity, short recovery time, cost-effectiveness, and notably, improved aesthetic outcomes. The reviewed studies indicate that cryosurgery holds promise in the management of early-stage breast cancer and metastatic disease, especially in triple-negative and Her2-positive molecular subtypes in conjunction with checkpoint inhibitors and anti-Her2 antibodies, respectively. Furthermore, the effectiveness of cryosurgery in the management of ductal carcinoma in situ should be investigated as an alternative modality to surgery or surveillance. The minimally invasive nature of cryosurgery has the potential to significantly enhance the quality of life for patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Experimental and Clinical Advances in Counteracting Progression of Solid Cancers Volume II)
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