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Cancers
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Therapy in Gastrointestinal Oncology
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Therapy in Gastrointestinal Oncology

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Therapy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 23138

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Saowanee Ngamruengphong

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Guest Editor
Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology. Johns Hopkins Medicine 4940 Eastern Avenue, A Building, 5th Floor. A-501 Baltimore,MD 21224
Interests: diagnosis and detection of premalignant and malignant gastric lesions; early gastric cancer; roles of endoscopy in gastric cancer; therapy of gastric cancer
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Fabian M. Johnston

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Surgical Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, 600 N. Wolfe Street / Blalock 606, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
Interests: incorporating highly innovative patient-centered models to improve the utilization of palliative care amongst patients with advanced gastrointestinal malignancies; improving the quality of life for patient populations when they are most severely ill and vulnerable
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Lei Zheng

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Guest Editor
Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street CRB I Room 351, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
Interests: pancreatic cancer biology and translational research; translational immunology and cancer immunotherapy; tumor microenvironment; cancer invasion and metastasis; clinical and translation research of gastrointestinal malignancies
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Our understanding of the biology of cancer has grown rapidly over the last decade, leading to advances in new types of targeted therapies and novel therapeutic approaches.

This Special Issue will discuss recent advances in minimally invasive treatment for GI oncology; endoscopic therapy for early GI cancers; surgical management (including techniques and considerations for minimally invasive approaches); and innovations in neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiation treatment for GI cancers. This Special Issue will also discuss the roles of the novel therapies, including rational and structure-based drug design, that are currently being pursued in the clinical setting and hold the promise of improving the clinical outcome of these conditions.

Dr. Saowanee Ngamruengphong
Assoc. Prof. Fabian M. Johnston
Assoc. Prof. Lei Zheng
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Cancer therapy
  • Genetics and genomics of cancer
  • Immunotherapy for GI cancer
  • Microbiome and gastric cancer
  • Molecularly targeted therapies for GI cancer
  • Therapeutic approaches to GI cancer

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 4102 KiB  
Article
Exploring a Novel Technique to Tackle the Shortage of Devices for Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy: Early Results of an Alternate Approach for Percutaneous Arterial Port Catheter Placement
by Alice Kedra, Tom Boeken, Alessandro Di Gaeta, Charles Querub, Marc Al Ahmar, Carole Déan, Marc Sapoval and Olivier Pellerin
Cancers 2023, 15(19), 4730; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cancers15194730 - 26 Sep 2023
Viewed by 887
Abstract
Dedicated catheters for hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy were removed from the market. The purpose of this study was to assess the results of a novel approach to overcome the shortage of dedicated catheters for hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy in the treatment of colorectal [...] Read more.
Dedicated catheters for hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy were removed from the market. The purpose of this study was to assess the results of a novel approach to overcome the shortage of dedicated catheters for hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy in the treatment of colorectal cancer liver metastases. We retrospectively included patients who underwent a percutaneous placement of a hepatic intra-arterial port catheter in a single tertiary center from February 2021 to June 2022. We examined the patient baseline characteristics, technical features of the modified procedures, technical success rates, complications and oncological outcomes. Fourteen patients (median age: 60 years; q1 = 54; q3 = 70; range: 53–81 years) underwent 15 modified procedures. The main modification of our placement technique consisted of the use of an indwelling 5-Fr Vertebral catheter, on the tip of which we created a two-sided additional lateral hole. The catheter was connected to a pediatric port. The primary success rate was 100%, and the secondary success rate was 93.3%. There were two late major complications, graded IIIa according to the Clavien–Dindo classification. The median liver progression free survival was 6.1 months (q1 = 2.5; q3 = 7.2; range: 1.3–11.6). Our experience suggests that the derived utilization of the devices used routinely in interventional radiology provides an effective solution that can compensate for the shortage of dedicated devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Therapy in Gastrointestinal Oncology)
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17 pages, 4478 KiB  
Article
Second-Generation JK-206 Targets the Oncogenic Signal Mediator RHOA in Gastric Cancer
by Myeonghun Beak, Sungjin Park, Jin-Hee Kim, Hyo Jin Eom, Ho-Yeon Lee, Yon Hui Kim, Jinhyuk Lee and Seungyoon Nam
Cancers 2022, 14(7), 1604; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cancers14071604 - 22 Mar 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2207
Abstract
Ras homologous A (RHOA), a signal mediator and a GTPase, is known to be associated with the progression of gastric cancer (GC), which is the fourth most common cause of death in the world. Previously, we designed pharmacologically optimized inhibitors against RHOA, including [...] Read more.
Ras homologous A (RHOA), a signal mediator and a GTPase, is known to be associated with the progression of gastric cancer (GC), which is the fourth most common cause of death in the world. Previously, we designed pharmacologically optimized inhibitors against RHOA, including JK-136 and JK-139. Based on this previous work, we performed lead optimization and designed novel RHOA inhibitors for greater anti-GC potency. Two of these compounds, JK-206 and JK-312, could successfully inhibit the viability and migration of GC cell lines. Furthermore, using transcriptomic analysis of GC cells treated with JK-206, we revealed that the inhibition of RHOA might be associated with the inhibition of the mitogenic pathway. Therefore, JK-206 treatment for RHOA inhibition may be a new therapeutic strategy for regulating GC proliferation and migration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Therapy in Gastrointestinal Oncology)
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10 pages, 488 KiB  
Article
Treatments after Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Patients with dMMR/MSI Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
by Quang Loc Bui, Léo Mas, Antoine Hollebecque, David Tougeron, Christelle de la Fouchardière, Thomas Pudlarz, Emily Alouani, Rosine Guimbaud, Julien Taieb, Thierry André, Raphaël Colle and Romain Cohen
Cancers 2022, 14(2), 406; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cancers14020406 - 14 Jan 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3370
Abstract
Background: Several studies reported improved outcomes with conventional treatments (CT, i.e., chemotherapy ± targeted therapy) administered after immune checkpoints inhibitors (ICI) in certain tumor types. No data are available concerning patients (pts) with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) harboring mismatch repair deficiency/microsatellite instability (dMMR/MSI). [...] Read more.
Background: Several studies reported improved outcomes with conventional treatments (CT, i.e., chemotherapy ± targeted therapy) administered after immune checkpoints inhibitors (ICI) in certain tumor types. No data are available concerning patients (pts) with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) harboring mismatch repair deficiency/microsatellite instability (dMMR/MSI). We aimed to assess the outcomes of dMMR/MSI mCRC pts receiving CT after ICI failure. Methods: We conducted a retrospective multicenter study investigating the outcomes of all dMMR/MSI mCRC pts who received post-ICI CT between 2015 and 2020. Results: 31 pts (male 61%, median age 56 years) were included. ICI was an anti-PD(L)1 monotherapy in 71% of pts, and 61% received >2 lines before post-ICI CT. The overall response rate and disease control rate were 13% and 45%, with a median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival of 2.9 and 7.4 months, respectively. No association of the outcomes with either ICI efficacy or anti-angiogenic agents was observed. Prolonged PFS (range 16.1–21.3 months) was observed in 4 pts (13%). Conclusions: Although conducted on a limited number of patients, our results do not support an association of previous ICI treatment with an enhanced efficacy of CT in dMMR/MSI mCRC. However, prolonged disease control was observed in several cases, suggesting that some pts might derive an unexpected benefit from post-ICI treatments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Therapy in Gastrointestinal Oncology)
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13 pages, 1569 KiB  
Article
Decreasing Postoperative Pulmonary Complication Following Laparoscopic Surgery in Elderly Individuals with Colorectal Cancer: A Competing Risk Analysis in a Propensity Score–Weighted Cohort Study
by Yih-Jong Chern, Jeng-Fu You, Ching-Chung Cheng, Jing-Rong Jhuang, Chien-Yuh Yeh, Pao-Shiu Hsieh, Wen-Sy Tsai, Chun-Kai Liao and Yu-Jen Hsu
Cancers 2022, 14(1), 131; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cancers14010131 - 28 Dec 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1499
Abstract
Advanced age is a risk factor for major abdominal surgery due to a decline in physical function and increased comorbidities. Although laparoscopic surgery provides good results in most patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), its effect on elderly patients remains unclear. This study aimed [...] Read more.
Advanced age is a risk factor for major abdominal surgery due to a decline in physical function and increased comorbidities. Although laparoscopic surgery provides good results in most patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), its effect on elderly patients remains unclear. This study aimed to compare the short- and long-term outcomes between open and laparoscopic surgeries in elderly patients with CRC. Total 1350 patients aged ≥75 years who underwent curative resection for stage I–III primary CRC were enrolled retrospectively and were divided into open surgery (846 patients) and laparoscopy (504 patients) groups. After propensity score weighting to balance an uneven distribution, a competing risk analysis was used to analyze the short-term and long-term outcomes. Postoperative mortality rates were lower in the laparoscopy group, especially due to pulmonary complications. Postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter in the laparoscopy group than in the open surgery group. Overall survival, disease-free survival, and competing risk analysis showed no significant differences between the two groups. Laparoscopic surgery for elderly patients with CRC significantly decreased pulmonary-related postoperative morbidity and mortality in this large cohort study. Laparoscopic surgery is a favorable method for elderly patients with CRC than open surgery in terms of less hospital stay and similar oncological outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Therapy in Gastrointestinal Oncology)
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13 pages, 2100 KiB  
Article
Conversion Therapy of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Is Associated with Improved Prognosis and Verified by a Case of Patient-Derived Organoid
by Zhiwei Wang, Yun Jin, Yinghao Guo, Zhenhua Tan, Xiaoxiao Zhang, Dan Ye, Yuanquan Yu, Shuyou Peng, Lei Zheng and Jiangtao Li
Cancers 2021, 13(5), 1179; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cancers13051179 - 09 Mar 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2978
Abstract
This study was performed to determine the efficacy of conversion therapy in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC) and explore the feasibility of cancer organoid to direct the conversion therapy of IHCC. Patient data were retrospectively reviewed in this study and cancer organoids were established using [...] Read more.
This study was performed to determine the efficacy of conversion therapy in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC) and explore the feasibility of cancer organoid to direct the conversion therapy of IHCC. Patient data were retrospectively reviewed in this study and cancer organoids were established using tissues obtained from two patients. A total of 42 patients with IHCC received conversion therapy, 9 of whom were downstaged successfully, and another 157 patients were initially resectable. Kaplan–Meier curves showed that the successfully downstaged patients had a significantly improved overall survival compared to those in whom downstaging was unsuccessful (p = 0.017), and had a similar overall survival to that of initially resectable patients (p = 0.965). The IHCC organoid was successfully established from one of two obtained tissues. Routine hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistological staining found the organoid retained the histopathological characteristics of the original tissues. Whole exome sequencing results indicated the IHCC organoid retained appropriately 87% of the variants in the original tissue. Gemcitabine and paclitaxel exhibited the strongest inhibitory effects on the cancer organoid as determined using drug screening tests, consistent with the levels of efficacy observed in the patient from whom it was derived. This study indicates that conversion therapy could improve the survival of patients with IHCC despite its low success rate, and it may be directed by cancer organoids though this is merely a proof of feasibility. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Therapy in Gastrointestinal Oncology)
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Review

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15 pages, 881 KiB  
Review
Current Surgical Management Strategies for Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases
by Gabriel D. Ivey, Fabian M. Johnston, Nilofer S. Azad, Eric S. Christenson, Kelly J. Lafaro and Christopher R. Shubert
Cancers 2022, 14(4), 1063; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cancers14041063 - 20 Feb 2022
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 7471
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer diagnosis in the world, and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths. Despite significant progress in management strategies for colorectal cancer over the last several decades, metastatic disease remains difficult to treat and is [...] Read more.
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer diagnosis in the world, and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths. Despite significant progress in management strategies for colorectal cancer over the last several decades, metastatic disease remains difficult to treat and is often considered incurable. However, for patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRLM), surgical resection offers the best opportunity for survival, can be curative, and remains the gold standard. Unfortunately, surgical treatment options are underutilized. Misperceptions regarding resectable and unresectable CRLM likely play a role in this. The assessment of factors that impact resectability status like medical fitness, technical considerations, and disease biology can be difficult, necessitating careful multidisciplinary input and discussion. The identification of ideal operative time windows that align with the multimodal management of these patients can also be perplexing. For all patients with CRLM it may therefore be advantageous to obtain surgical evaluation at the time of discovering liver metastases to mitigate these challenges and minimize the risk of undertreatment. In this review we summarize current surgical management strategies for CRLM and discuss factors to be considered when determining resectability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Therapy in Gastrointestinal Oncology)
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14 pages, 3601 KiB  
Review
Minimally Invasive Endoscopic and Surgical Management of Rectal Neoplasia
by Sarah S. Al Ghamdi, Ira Leeds, Sandy Fang and Saowanee Ngamruengphong
Cancers 2022, 14(4), 948; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cancers14040948 - 14 Feb 2022
Viewed by 3534
Abstract
Rectal cancer demonstrates a characteristic natural history in which benign rectal neoplasia precedes malignancy. The worldwide burden of rectal cancer is significant, with rectal cancer accounting for one-third of colorectal cancer cases annually. The importance of early detection and successful management is essential [...] Read more.
Rectal cancer demonstrates a characteristic natural history in which benign rectal neoplasia precedes malignancy. The worldwide burden of rectal cancer is significant, with rectal cancer accounting for one-third of colorectal cancer cases annually. The importance of early detection and successful management is essential in decreasing its clinical burden. Minimally invasive treatment of rectal neoplasia has evolved over the past several decades, which has led to reduced local recurrence rates and improved survival outcomes. The approach to diagnosis, staging, and selection of appropriate treatment modalities is a multidisciplinary effort combining interventional endoscopy, surgery, and radiology tools. This review examines the currently available minimally invasive endoscopic and surgical management options of rectal neoplasia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Therapy in Gastrointestinal Oncology)
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