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Coatings
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Microstructural Control and Performance Improvement in Additive Manufacturing
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Microstructural Control and Performance Improvement in Additive Manufacturing

A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). This special issue belongs to the section "Laser Coatings".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 7209

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Guangyi Ma

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Laboratory for Precision and Non-traditional Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China
Interests: additive manufacturing; laser welding; laser cladding
Prof. Dr. Fangyong Niu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Laboratory for Precision and Non-traditional Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China
Interests: additive manufacturing; remanufacturing; laser directed energy deposition; laser cladding; ceramics; metal; compound material; microstructure; mechanical performance; deformation control

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue will mainly focus on the field of metal and ceramic additive manufacturing, including microstructure evaluation, performance adjustment, surface strengthening, coating corrosion and protection based on additive manufacturing, and the application of additive manufacturing in the industrial field.

In particular, the topics of interest include but are not limited to:

  • The microstructure and mechanical properties of additive manufacturing.
  • Modeling and simulation for additive manufacturing.
  • Post-treatments and coatings for additive-manufactured parts.
  • The microstructural control of additive manufacturing and performance improvement.
  • Laser technology applications such as laser cladding, laser melting, etc.
  • Industrial applications for additive manufacturing.

Prof. Dr. Guangyi Ma
Prof. Dr. Fangyong Niu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Coatings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • additive manufacturing
  • microstructural control
  • performance improvement
  • post-treatments and coatings
  • laser technology applications

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 5541 KiB  
Article
Laser–Direct Current arc Hybrid Additive Manufacturing of Cu-Cr-Zr Alloy: Microstructure Evaluation and Mechanical Properties
by Jingan Shi, Liu Liu, Dehua Liu, Guangyi Ma, Zhuo Chen, Fangyong Niu, Shiyong Yu and Dongjiang Wu
Coatings 2023, 13(7), 1228; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/coatings13071228 - 9 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1004
Abstract
Recently, there has been a growing requirement for rapid and cost-effective additive manufacturing solutions for copper alloys with favorable mechanical properties. In this research, laser–direct current arc hybrid additive manufacturing (LAHAM) was employed to fabricate Cu-Cr-Zr alloy. By way of multi-scale characterization including [...] Read more.
Recently, there has been a growing requirement for rapid and cost-effective additive manufacturing solutions for copper alloys with favorable mechanical properties. In this research, laser–direct current arc hybrid additive manufacturing (LAHAM) was employed to fabricate Cu-Cr-Zr alloy. By way of multi-scale characterization including SEM, EBSD and TEM, the effect of scanning speed on the microstructure was systematically investigated in detail. Moreover, an evaluation of mechanical properties was carried out. The results indicated that columnar grains grew across layers with the growth direction tending to the center of the molten pool. When the scanning speed increased from 250 mm/min to 350 mm/min, the proportion of high-angle grain boundaries exceeded 69% and reached a maximum of 79% at 300 mm/min. A large amount of Cr phase was precipitated from the Cu matrix. Both submicron and nanoscale Cr precipitates were observed. Statistically, the area proportion of Cr precipitates was up to 26.3% at 300 mm/min. The changes of heat input and remelting effects were the main reasons for the change in the precipitate level. As a result, the mechanical properties of the Cu-Cr-Zr alloy were enhanced via precipitation strengthening. When the scanning speed was 250 mm/min, the Cu-Cr-Zr alloy sample exhibited an ultimate tensile strength of 311.3 ± 7.8 MPa with an elongation of 38.6 ± 5.6%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microstructural Control and Performance Improvement in Additive Manufacturing)
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23 pages, 8704 KiB  
Article
Numerical Analysis of Low-Cycle Fatigue Using the Direct Cyclic Method Considering Laser Welding Residual Stress
by Miaoran Liu, Afia Kouadri-Henni and Benoit Malard
Coatings 2023, 13(3), 553; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/coatings13030553 - 4 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1441
Abstract
The sequential-coupled thermo-mechanical model and direct cyclic technique are employed to investigate laser welding and low-cycle fatigue residual stress, respectively. The effects of residual stress on fatigue properties and the relaxation behaviour are analyzed. The simulation results highlight the strong dependence of laser [...] Read more.
The sequential-coupled thermo-mechanical model and direct cyclic technique are employed to investigate laser welding and low-cycle fatigue residual stress, respectively. The effects of residual stress on fatigue properties and the relaxation behaviour are analyzed. The simulation results highlight the strong dependence of laser welding residual stress on constitutive models and how low-cycle fatigue residual stress is influenced by the initial laser welding residual stress. Furthermore, the simulation indicates that residual stress redistributes and relaxes in the weld and heat-affected zone after low-cycle fatigue. To validate the accuracy of the simulation, the neutron diffraction experiment is carried out, and the experimental data are consistent with the simulation results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microstructural Control and Performance Improvement in Additive Manufacturing)
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18 pages, 12731 KiB  
Article
Microstructure and Wear Resistance of TiCp/Ti6Al4V Composite Coatings by Follow-Up Ultrasonic-Assisted Laser Additive Manufacturing
by Fangyong Niu, Yang Li, Chenchen Song, Xinrui Yan, Ziao Zhang, Guangyi Ma and Dongjiang Wu
Coatings 2022, 12(7), 986; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/coatings12070986 - 12 Jul 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1783
Abstract
With the increasing demand for the high agility and fast response of high-level equipment in the aerospace and energy power fields, it is increasingly urgent to improve the performance of the high-temperature and wear resistance of the corresponding high-level components. Ceramic-reinforced titanium matrix [...] Read more.
With the increasing demand for the high agility and fast response of high-level equipment in the aerospace and energy power fields, it is increasingly urgent to improve the performance of the high-temperature and wear resistance of the corresponding high-level components. Ceramic-reinforced titanium matrix composites have excellent high-temperature and wear resistance, but, in laser additive manufacturing, the primary ceramic phase is coarse, and the morphology of the ceramic phase is difficult to control, which limits their further development. In this investigation, a follow-up ultrasonic-assisted laser-additive-manufacturing method was proposed to prepare a 30 wt.% TiC/Ti6Al4V composite coating on a Ti6Al4V surface. Under the effects of ultrasonic cavitation and acoustic streaming, the content of the unmelted TiC was reduced, the dendritic primary TiC in the solidification process was broken and the distribution uniformity of the primary TiC was improved. The content of the unmelted TiC in the composite coating decreased significantly under ultrasonic action, and it was only 50.23% of that without ultrasonic action. At the same time, the average size of the dendritic primary TiC in the composite coating decreased from 61.59 μm to 27.04 μm, which was 56.10% smaller than that without ultrasonic action. The average microhardness of the composite coating reached the maximum of 656.70 HV0.2 under ultrasonic power, and it was 83.21% higher than that of the Ti6Al4V substrate, and 26.44% higher than that of the composite coating without ultrasonic power. Due to the ultrasonic-cavitation and acoustic-streaming effects, the content of the unmelted TiC obviously decreased, so that the average friction coefficient of the composite coating increased, and the wear mechanism changed from abrasive wear to adhesive wear. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microstructural Control and Performance Improvement in Additive Manufacturing)
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14 pages, 10986 KiB  
Article
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Hybrid-Manufactured Maraging Steel Component Using 4% Nitrogen Shielding Gas Fabricated by Wrought-Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing
by Fangbin Deng, Guang Yang, Bin Wu, Lanyun Qin, Jianshen Zheng and Siyu Zhou
Coatings 2022, 12(3), 356; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/coatings12030356 - 8 Mar 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2161
Abstract
Recent advances in hybrid-manufactured steel components have provided more geometrical freedom for the manufacturing of parts with desired properties. The wrought-wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) components using different shielding gases were fabricated in this paper. The results showed that there were four parts [...] Read more.
Recent advances in hybrid-manufactured steel components have provided more geometrical freedom for the manufacturing of parts with desired properties. The wrought-wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) components using different shielding gases were fabricated in this paper. The results showed that there were four parts in the microstructure, including the WAAM deposition zone, grain growth zone, heat affect zone (HAZ) and substrate zone. The grain growth zone containing large martensite laths had a significant effect on the final tensile strength. In the WAAM deposition zone, the austenite content increased from 2.5% to 7.6% because of the addition of 4% nitrogen. The fracture position shifted from the grain growth zone of the N2-0% sample to the WAAM deposition zone of the N2-4% sample owing to the strengthening machines of solid solution and finer grain. Nano-precipitate Cr2N plays an important role in grain refinement, which is believed to enhance the mechanical properties of the grain growth zone. Under a 4% nitrogen content in the shielding gas, the tensile strength of the hybrid-manufactured sample using 4% nitrogen shielding gas was 1186 MPa, which is approaching the level of the WAAM-fabricated sample. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microstructural Control and Performance Improvement in Additive Manufacturing)
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