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Healthcare
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Breast Cancer Prevention in Healthcare: A Comprehensive Overview
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Breast Cancer Prevention in Healthcare: A Comprehensive Overview

A special issue of Healthcare (ISSN 2227-9032). This special issue belongs to the section "Preventive Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2024 | Viewed by 15572

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Francesca Magnoni

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Breast Surgery, IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 20041 Milan, Italy
Interests: breast cancer; breast cancer surgery; breast cancer genetic and prevention

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The value of breast cancer prevention is widely known and studied in the literature. New findings in epidemiology enable a better understanding about how specific factors contribute to increasing the risk of breast cancer, influencing the consequent primary prevention habits. The new technological advances in the identification of women with genetic predisposition are also strengthening scientific research towards the profiling of more selected preventive strategies, such as personalized chemopreventive agents, radiological surveillance, surgical prophylaxis, and lifestyle, to be discussed in a specialistic multidisciplinary counselling.

Prevention in breast cancer also means secondary prevention, therefore early diagnosis and the use of imaging in early detection and screening is crucial. We can also be grateful to the technological evolutions that offer innovative and cutting-edge tools.

Detection of early breast cancer opens up the possible targeted treatments, and enables adequate and personalized therapy defined in a multidisciplinary fashion. Surgery, including breast-conserving surgery and mastectomy, as well as axillary surgery, is evolving in an increasingly conservative approach; together with oncoplastic surgery and reconstructive surgery, it aims to ensure patients an excellent prognosis, as well as a significant improvement in quality of life and well-being. Radiotherapy and systemic therapies, in turn, are personalized for each woman, thanks also to the tumor gene expression profile analysis and precision oncology, in order to reduce the risk of second malignancies.

Hence, tertiary prevention involves the surveillance of an increasing number of long-surviving patients, as well as the management of treatment-related side effects.

Each of these heterogenous clinical aspects requires to be managed by health experts.

This Special Issue aims to explore the relationship among all these connected perspectives in breast cancer prevention and women’s healthcare. We would like to provide a transversal overview, from primary prevention up to tertiary prevention, including the involvement of therapeutic and prophylactic breast surgery, beyond adjuvant therapies, starting from epidemiology, through imaging, in order to assess the deep impact of diagnosis and treatments on quality of life and psychological health of breast cancer patients.

In the present Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the themes included in the following: 

  • Primary prevention
    • Epidemiology of sporadic BC, population risks of breast cancer, causes predisposing to BC, and risk factors for BC
    • Role of chemoprevention and life style
    • Sporadic and inherited BC prevention
  • Secondary prevention and treatments
    • Role of imaging in diagnosis (screening)
    • Role of breat surgery (healthy high risk women, hereditary and sporadic BC)
    • Role of typology of breast reconstruction and oncoplastic BCS (and their link with QoL)
    • New tecniques
  • Tertiary prevention
    • Role of anticancer treatments (systemic therapy and RT in disease recurrence/new primary onset and survival)
    • Role of psycology support in manage quality of life during treatment
    • Management of treatment-related side effects

We look forward to receiving your contributions. 

Dr. Francesca Magnoni
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Healthcare is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • breast cancer prevention
  • breast cancer epidemiology
  • BRCA
  • chemoprevention
  • breast cancer screening
  • breast imaging
  • prophylactic surgery
  • breast cancer surgery
  • mastectomy
  • oncoplastic
  • reconstructive surgery
  • adjuvant treatments
  • quality of life

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 902 KiB  
Article
Social Media Campaigns: A Game Changer for the Prevention of Breast Cancer in Romania
by Raluca Dania Todor, Gabriel Brătucu, Adina Nicoleta Candrea, Christian Gabriel Strempel and Costin Vlad Anastasiu
Healthcare 2024, 12(8), 865; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/healthcare12080865 - 22 Apr 2024
Viewed by 356
Abstract
Social media can be used to raise awareness about health issues, especially concerning the importance of periodical screening. The present study aims to identify the role of social media awareness campaigns in the early detection of breast cancer, with a focus on Romania, [...] Read more.
Social media can be used to raise awareness about health issues, especially concerning the importance of periodical screening. The present study aims to identify the role of social media awareness campaigns in the early detection of breast cancer, with a focus on Romania, a country with a high female mortality due to this disease. The research is performed using a survey, based on an online questionnaire, which was self-administered by the respondents included in two samples selected from a Facebook community of Romanian women. Sample A was composed of 1945 women who were not exposed to periodic campaigns regarding the importance of screening for the prevention and early detection of this type of disease, and Sample B was composed of 289 women who were exposed to such annual campaigns within the last 5 years. The results outline several differences among respondents from the two samples regarding their awareness of prevention necessity, as well as the frequency and chosen methods for breast cancer screening. The findings hold important implications for public authorities, which must intensify their efforts in raising women’s awareness regarding the importance of screening for the early detection and prevention of breast cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Breast Cancer Prevention in Healthcare: A Comprehensive Overview)
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18 pages, 494 KiB  
Article
Temporal Evolution and Associated Factors of Adherence to Mammography Screening among Women in Spain: Results from Two National Health Surveys (2017–2020)
by Silvia Portero de la Cruz, Luis M. Béjar and Jesús Cebrino
Healthcare 2023, 11(22), 2934; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/healthcare11222934 - 09 Nov 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 745
Abstract
Ensuring equity in cancer screening is recommended by the European Commission. Despite the fact that breast cancer screening is a free population-based program in Spain, there remains considerable variation in the adherence to screening rate among population groups. This study was designed to [...] Read more.
Ensuring equity in cancer screening is recommended by the European Commission. Despite the fact that breast cancer screening is a free population-based program in Spain, there remains considerable variation in the adherence to screening rate among population groups. This study was designed to describe the adherence of breast cancer screening in women in Spain, to evaluate the evolution in the period from 2017 to 2020, and to determine the variables that influence choosing to undergo breast cancer screening. A nationwide cross-sectional study with 7220 females aged 50–69 years from the 2017 Spanish National Health Survey and the 2020 European Health Survey for Spain was performed. We investigated mammography uptake rates, with socio-demographic factors, lifestyle habits, and health-related characteristics as independent variables. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the associated factors of mammography adherence. Of the women, 78% had undergone mammography in the previous two years, and there was a significant decrease in the uptake rate for breast cancer screening from 2017 (81.23%) to 2020 (74.68%) (p < 0.001). Educational level, marital status, residential location, nationality, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and leisure-time physical activity were all associated factors of mammography uptake. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Breast Cancer Prevention in Healthcare: A Comprehensive Overview)
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10 pages, 972 KiB  
Article
Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity of Community-Dwelling Korean Breast Cancer Survivors: A Nationwide Study
by Jung Soo Lee, Mina Park and Yeo Hyung Kim
Healthcare 2023, 11(13), 1974; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/healthcare11131974 - 07 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1053
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the contemporary characteristics of sedentary behavior and physical activity levels in breast cancer survivors. The cross-sectional data of 10,073 community-dwelling Korean women aged ≥50 years in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. The differences [...] Read more.
This study aimed to investigate the contemporary characteristics of sedentary behavior and physical activity levels in breast cancer survivors. The cross-sectional data of 10,073 community-dwelling Korean women aged ≥50 years in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. The differences in sedentary behavior, walking activity, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) levels between breast cancer survivors, other cancer survivors, and women with no history of cancer were compared by complex-sample general linear models. Breast cancer survivors spent significantly less mean time in sedentary behavior than other cancer survivors and women with no history of cancer; however, among them, 48.34% spent a long sedentary time of ≥420 min/day. Breast cancer survivors had a significantly higher level of walking activity and similar total MVPA levels compared to women with no history of cancer. When comparing domain-specific MVPA levels, breast cancer survivors showed significantly lower work-related MVPA levels than women with no history of cancer. In recent years, community-dwelling Korean breast cancer survivors were less sedentary, walked more, and had equivalent MVPA levels compared with women with no history of cancer. Considering the growing emphasis on healthy lifestyles, our results may reflect more contemporary behavior trends of breast cancer survivors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Breast Cancer Prevention in Healthcare: A Comprehensive Overview)
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Review

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19 pages, 341 KiB  
Review
Chemoprevention and Lifestyle Modifications for Risk Reduction in Sporadic and Hereditary Breast Cancer
by Eliza Del Fiol Manna, Davide Serrano, Gaetano Aurilio, Bernardo Bonanni and Matteo Lazzeroni
Healthcare 2023, 11(16), 2360; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/healthcare11162360 - 21 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1378
Abstract
Female breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy worldwide. Risk assessment helps to identify women at increased risk of breast cancer and allows the adoption of a comprehensive approach to reducing breast cancer incidence through personalized interventions, including lifestyle modification, chemoprevention, intensified [...] Read more.
Female breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy worldwide. Risk assessment helps to identify women at increased risk of breast cancer and allows the adoption of a comprehensive approach to reducing breast cancer incidence through personalized interventions, including lifestyle modification, chemoprevention, intensified surveillance with breast imaging, genetic counseling, and testing. Primary prevention means acting on modifiable risk factors to reduce breast cancer occurrence. Chemoprevention with tamoxifen, raloxifene, anastrozole, and exemestane has already shown benefits in decreasing breast cancer incidence in women at an increased risk for breast cancer. For healthy women carrying BRCA 1 or BRCA 2 pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) germline variants, the efficacy of chemoprevention is still controversial. Adopting chemoprevention strategies and the choice among agents should depend on the safety profile and risk–benefit ratio. Unfortunately, the uptake of these agents has been low. Lifestyle modifications can reduce breast cancer incidence, and the recommendations for BRCA 1 or BRCA 2 P/LP germline variant carriers are comparable to the general population. This review summarizes the most recent evidence regarding the efficacy of chemoprevention and lifestyle interventions in women with sporadic and hereditary breast cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Breast Cancer Prevention in Healthcare: A Comprehensive Overview)
19 pages, 679 KiB  
Review
The Importance of the Kinematic Evaluation Methods of the Upper Limbs in Women with Breast Cancer Mastectomy: A Literature Review
by Israel Miguel-Andrés, María Raquel Huerta-Franco, Silvia Beatríz García-González, Miguel León-Rodríguez, Karla Barrera-Beltrán and Luis Angel Ortiz-Lango
Healthcare 2023, 11(14), 2064; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/healthcare11142064 - 19 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1254
Abstract
The kinematic assessment of the upper limbs in breast cancer (BC) survivors is one of the most common procedures to determine the recovery process after BC surgery. However, the methodology used is heterogeneous, finding various evaluation methods, which makes it difficult to compare [...] Read more.
The kinematic assessment of the upper limbs in breast cancer (BC) survivors is one of the most common procedures to determine the recovery process after BC surgery. However, the methodology used is heterogeneous, finding various evaluation methods, which makes it difficult to compare results between studies. The objective of this review was to identify the technical features of the kinematic evaluation methods used in patients with mastectomy for BC. A literature review was conducted to search in electronic databases, such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Clinical Key, Google Scholar, and Scopus. A total of 641 articles were obtained. After screening the title and the summary of the investigations, 20 manuscripts were kept for a deeper analysis. Different methodologies were found for the analysis of the kinematics of the upper limbs. Eight (40%) articles used the optoelectronic system, nine (45%) used the electromagnetic system, and three (15%) used other optoelectronic systems to assess shoulder kinematics. Each investigation studied different variables such as the type of surgery, the evaluation time, the age of the patients, the rehabilitation protocol, and so on. This makes the comparison among studies difficult, and the recovery process of the patients cannot be easily determined. In conclusion, the interpretation of the movement of the upper limbs should be easy to understand for oncologists, physiotherapists, clinicians, and researchers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Breast Cancer Prevention in Healthcare: A Comprehensive Overview)
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14 pages, 1302 KiB  
Review
History of Mammography: Analysis of Breast Imaging Diagnostic Achievements over the Last Century
by Luca Nicosia, Giulia Gnocchi, Ilaria Gorini, Massimo Venturini, Federico Fontana, Filippo Pesapane, Ida Abiuso, Anna Carla Bozzini, Maria Pizzamiglio, Antuono Latronico, Francesca Abbate, Lorenza Meneghetti, Ottavia Battaglia, Giuseppe Pellegrino and Enrico Cassano
Healthcare 2023, 11(11), 1596; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/healthcare11111596 - 30 May 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 6077
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common forms of cancer and a leading cause of mortality in women. Early and correct diagnosis is, therefore, essential to save lives. The development of diagnostic imaging applied to the breast has been impressive in recent years and [...] Read more.
Breast cancer is the most common forms of cancer and a leading cause of mortality in women. Early and correct diagnosis is, therefore, essential to save lives. The development of diagnostic imaging applied to the breast has been impressive in recent years and the most used diagnostic test in the world is mammography, a low-dose X-ray technique used for imaging the breast. In the first half of the 20th century, the diagnosis was in practice only clinical, with consequent diagnostic delay and an unfavorable prognosis in the short term. The rise of organized mammography screening has led to a remarkable reduction in mortality through the early detection of breast malignancies. This historical review aims to offer a complete panorama of the development of mammography and breast imaging during the last century. Through this study, we want to understand the foundations of the pillar of radiology applied to the breast through to the most modern applications such as contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM), artificial intelligence, and radiomics. Understanding the history of the development of diagnostic imaging applied to the breast can help us understand how to better direct our efforts toward an increasingly personalized and effective diagnostic approach. The ultimate goal of imaging applied to the detection of breast malignancies should be to reduce mortality from this type of disease as much as possible. With this paper, we want to provide detailed documentation of the main steps in the evolution of breast imaging for the diagnosis of breast neoplasms; we also want to open up new scenarios where the possible current and future applications of imaging are aimed at being more precise and personalized. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Breast Cancer Prevention in Healthcare: A Comprehensive Overview)
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16 pages, 2292 KiB  
Review
Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS) and Microinvasive DCIS: Role of Surgery in Early Diagnosis of Breast Cancer
by Francesca Magnoni, Beatrice Bianchi, Giovanni Corso, Erica Anna Alloggio, Susanna Di Silvestre, Giuliarianna Abruzzese, Virgilio Sacchini, Viviana Galimberti and Paolo Veronesi
Healthcare 2023, 11(9), 1324; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/healthcare11091324 - 05 May 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3905
Abstract
Advances in treatments, screening, and awareness have led to continually decreasing breast cancer-related mortality rates in the past decades. This achievement is coupled with early breast cancer diagnosis. Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and microinvasive breast cancer have increasingly been diagnosed in the [...] Read more.
Advances in treatments, screening, and awareness have led to continually decreasing breast cancer-related mortality rates in the past decades. This achievement is coupled with early breast cancer diagnosis. Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and microinvasive breast cancer have increasingly been diagnosed in the context of mammographic screening. Clinical management of DCIS is heterogenous, and the clinical significance of microinvasion in DCIS remains elusive, although microinvasive DCIS (DCIS-Mi) is distinct from “pure” DCIS. Upfront surgery has a fundamental role in the overall treatment of these breast diseases. The growing number of screen-detected DCIS diagnoses with clinicopathological features of low risk for local recurrence (LR) allows more conservative surgical options, followed by personalised adjuvant radiotherapy plans. Furthermore, studies are underway to evaluate the validity of surgery omission in selected low-risk categories. Nevertheless, the management, the priority of axillary surgical staging, and the prognosis of DCIS-Mi remain the subject of debate, demonstrating how the paucity of data still necessitates adequate studies to provide conclusive guidelines. The current scientific scenario for DCIS and DCIS-Mi surgical approach consists of highly controversial and diversified sources, which this narrative review will delineate and clarify. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Breast Cancer Prevention in Healthcare: A Comprehensive Overview)
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