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Thermal Behavior of Polymeric and Other Advanced Materials

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A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymeric Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2024 | Viewed by 4202

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Małgorzata Maciejewska

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Department of Polymer Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, Gliniana 33, 20-614 Lublin, Poland
Interests: synthesis of new monomers; synthesis of polymers and copolymers in the form of monoliths and microspheres; synthesis of porous materials; investigation of the internal structure of the porous materials; hierarchical porous polymers; chemical modification of polymers; thermal (TG/DSC) analysis of synthetic and natural polymers
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Dr. Magdalena Rogulska

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Department of Polymer Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, Gliniana 33, 20-614 Lublin, Poland
Interests: sulfur-containing monomers; thermoplastic polyurethanes; polythiourethanes; elastomers; thermal (TG/DSC) analysis; mechanical and adhesive properties
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Detailed investigation of the thermal behavior of divergent materials creates a possibility to improve their properties and achieve more effective ones. In the family of modern materials, polymers hold a prominent position. In recent years, they have become the backbone of contemporary industry. A variety of the implementation of polymeric materials creates a need for a thorough examination of their properties. A significant amount of diverse applications requires certain thermal behavior. Polymers are often expected to withstand extremely high or extremely low temperatures. A proper characterization of these advanced materials assumes their precise applicability in the rapidly developing area of the polymeric sector. Additionally, thermal behavior is of paramount importance in the process of recycling polymeric materials

The present Special Issue aims to discuss all aspects regarding multiple thermal characterizations of diverse materials. It provides a platform for scientists from various areas to present their research

It is our pleasure to invite you to submit a manuscript for this Special Issue. Reviews, mini-reviews, original articles, and short communications covering the most recent advances are welcome.

Dr. Małgorzata Maciejewska
Dr. Magdalena Rogulska
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

polymers
polymer-based composites and nanocomposities
thermal stability
thermogravimetry (TG)
differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)
dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA)
decomposition of polymers and composites
thermal energy storage
thermal insulation materials
thermal recycling of polymeric materials

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Editorial

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2 pages, 157 KiB

Open AccessEditorial

Thermal Behavior of Polymeric and Other Advanced Materials

by Małgorzata Maciejewska and Magdalena Rogulska

Materials 2023, 16(7), 2875; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma16072875 - 04 Apr 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 822

Abstract

Thermal Behavior of Polymeric and Other Advanced Materials is a recently open Special Issue in Materials, which aims to publish original articles, short communications, reviews, and mini-reviews covering the most recent progress in multiple thermal characterizations of diverse materials and provide a [...] Read more.

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Thermal Behavior of Polymeric and Other Advanced Materials)

Research

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17 pages, 11315 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Thermal Characterization of Crosslinked Polymeric Microspheres Bearing Thiol Groups Studied by TG/FTIR/DSC under Non-Oxidative Conditions

by Magdalena Maciejewska, Elżbieta Łastawiecka and Marta Grochowicz

Materials 2024, 17(6), 1372; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma17061372 - 17 Mar 2024

Viewed by 508

Abstract

This paper presents the thermal behavior of polymer microspheres based on glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and crosslinking agents benzene-1,4-diylbis(2-methylprop-2-enoate) (1,4DMB) and trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TRIM) before and after functionalization with thioglycolic acid (TGA). The thermal stability of the polymers was determined using thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry under non-oxidizing conditions. The evolved gases were detected by FTIR and NMR spectroscopy, and the chemical structure of solid residues after preheating was assessed by FTIR/ATR spectroscopy. The post-functionalized microspheres showed higher thermal stability (within 270–290 °C) than the initial copolymers (within 240–250 °C). In this paper, examples of decomposition patterns of polymer microspheres before and after functionalization are presented. The decomposition of the initial microspheres starts with the emission of GMA monomers, acrolein, carbon dioxide, and the formation of unsaturated bonds in the solid residue. In the case of functionalized microspheres, degradation involves the transesterification of ester groups with the -SH groups, resulting in the emission of carbonyl sulfide, acrolein and carbon dioxide. Furthermore, lactone groups are created in the solid residue. The degradation of the functionalized copolymers is a complex process due to their crosslinked structure, rendering the identification of all the degradation products unattainable. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Thermal Behavior of Polymeric and Other Advanced Materials)

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21 pages, 6359 KiB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceArticle

Thermal Decomposition Path—Studied by the Simultaneous Thermogravimetry Coupled with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry—Of Imidazoline/Dimethyl Succinate Hybrids and Their Biological Characterization

by Marta Worzakowska, Małgorzata Sztanke, Jolanta Rzymowska and Krzysztof Sztanke

Materials 2023, 16(13), 4638; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma16134638 - 27 Jun 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 782

Abstract

The thermal decomposition path of synthetically and pharmacologically useful hybrid materials was analyzed in inert and oxidizing conditions for the first time and presented in this article. All the imidazoline/dimethyl succinate hybrids (1–5) were studied using the simultaneous thermogravimetry (TG) coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and quadrupole mass spectrometry (QMS). It was found that the tested compounds were thermally stable up to 200–208 °C (inert conditions) and up to 191–197 °C (oxidizing conditions). In both furnace atmospheres, their decomposition paths were multi-step processes. At least two major stages (inert conditions) and three major stages (oxidizing conditions) of their decomposition were observed. The first decomposition stage occurred between T_5% and 230–237 °C. It was connected with the breaking of one ester bond. This led to the emission of one methanol molecule and the formation of radicals capable of further radical reactions in both used atmospheres. At the second decomposition stage (T_max2) between 230–237 °C and 370 °C (inert conditions), or at about 360 °C (oxidizing conditions), the cleavage of the second ester bond and N-N and C-C bonds led to the emission of CH₃OH, HCN, N₂, and CO₂ and other radical fragments that reacted with each other to form clusters and large clusters. Heating the tested compounds to a temperature of about 490 °C resulted in the emission of NH₃, HCN, HNCO, aromatic amines, carbonyl fragments, and the residue (T_max2a) in both atmospheres. In oxidizing conditions, the oxidation of the formed residues (T_max3) was related to the production of CO₂, CO, and H₂O. These studies confirmed the same radical decomposition mechanism of the tested compounds both in inert and oxidizing conditions. The antitumor activities and toxicities to normal cells of the imidazoline/dimethyl succinate hybrids were also evaluated. As a result, the two hybrid materials (3 and 5) proved to be the most selective in biological studies, and therefore, they should be utilized in further, more extended in vivo investigations. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Thermal Behavior of Polymeric and Other Advanced Materials)

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19 pages, 3846 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Influence of Diisocyanate Structure on Thermal Stability of Thermoplastic Polyurethane Elastomers Based on Diphenylmethane-Derivative Chain Extender with Sulfur Atoms

by Magdalena Rogulska

Materials 2023, 16(7), 2618; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma16072618 - 25 Mar 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1577

Abstract

The work is a continuation of the research on thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) elastomers containing sulfur atoms which are incorporated into the polyurethane chain using aliphatic-aromatic chain extenders. These materials show some improved properties in relation to conventional ones, e.g., adhesion to metals, bacterial resistance and refractive index. The present study deals with the detailed characteristics of the process of thermal decomposition of TPU elastomers obtained from 2,2′-[methylenebis(1,4-phenylenemethylenethio)]diethanol, 1,1′-methanediylbis(4-isocyanatobenzene) (MDI) or 1,6-diisocyanatohexane (HDI) and poly(oxytetramethylene) diol of M_n = 2000 g/mol by thermogravimetric analysis coupled on-line with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The analysis was performed under inert and oxidative conditions. All TPU elastomers were found to have a relatively good thermal stability, with those based on aromatic diisocyanate being at an advantage. In helium, they are stable up to 280–282 °C (from HDI) and 299–301 °C (from MDI), whereas in synthetic air up to 252–265 °C (from HDI) and 261–272 °C (from MDI), as measured by the temperature of 1% mass loss. Depending on the content of the hard segments and the tested atmosphere, the TPU elastomers decompose from one to four stages. From the analysis of the volatile decomposition products, it follows that the decomposition of both types of hard segments was accompanied by the evolution of carbonyl sulfide, carbon dioxide, water, sulfide dioxide, alcohols and aromatic compounds. For the hard segment derived from HDI, isocyanates, amines, and unsaturated compounds were also identified, while for the MDI-derived one, aldehydes were discovered. In turn, the polyether soft segment decomposed mainly into aliphatic ethers, aldehydes, and carbon monoxide. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Thermal Behavior of Polymeric and Other Advanced Materials)

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