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Biorheology at Micro- and Macro-Scales
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Biorheology at Micro- and Macro-Scales

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 October 2022) | Viewed by 6874

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Laura Campo-Deaño

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centro de Estudos de Fenómenos de Transporte (CEFT), Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, CP 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
Interests: fluid mechanics; complex fluid flows; rheology; hemodynamics; biofluids and biomaterials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biorheology is the study of deformation and flow of biological systems. It is an interesting interdisciplinary field as it brings together life science, medical engineering, food science, chemistry, physics, and other fields. Studies related to the rheology of biofluids have increased in recent decades, especially in the case of human biofluids such as blood, plasma, vitreous humor or saliva, because several diseases can promote changes in their rheological properties. Nevertheless, other soft solids biomaterials, from food to bioceramics, have also been rheologically characterized, as they have implications in biomedical applications and industry processes. The current issue aims to host contributions related to new experimental methods, new theoretical approaches, constitutive modeling, flow simulations or rheological studies of the behavior of biological materials at the micro- and macro-scales.

It is my pleasure to invite you to contribute your research article, communication or review for this Special Issue.

Dr. Laura Campo-Deaño
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biorheology
  • microrheometry
  • complex fluids
  • sol–gel transitions
  • viscoelastic properties
  • biofluids and biomaterials

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 3024 KiB  
Article
The Effect of the Addition of Hazelnut or Walnut Flour on the Rheological Characteristics of Wheat Dough
by Karolina Pycia and Lesław Juszczak
Materials 2022, 15(3), 782; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma15030782 - 20 Jan 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1501
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of hazelnut or walnut flour on the rheological properties of flour and wheat dough (WD). The research material was a system in which wheat flour was replaced with flour based [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of hazelnut or walnut flour on the rheological properties of flour and wheat dough (WD). The research material was a system in which wheat flour was replaced with flour based on hazelnuts (HF) or walnuts (WF), i.e., nut flour, in the amounts of 5%, 10% and 15% (WDH, WDW). As a part of the research methodology, we analysed the wet gluten content, and farinographic and extensographic analyses of the dough were performed. Sweep frequency, creep and recovery tests were used to assess the viscoelastic properties of the tested doughs. It was found that the doughs with the addition of walnuts were characterized by different rheological properties compared to the control sample. The systems in which wheat flour was replaced with nuts were characterized by lower water absorption, and this parameter decreased as the share of nuts in the system increased. The mean value of this parameter for WDH was 48.6%, and in the case of WDW it was 47.9%. The development times of WDH and WDW doughs were longer compared to the control, but they decreased as the addition of nut flour was increased. The WDH doughs were characterized by the lowest stability and the highest degree of softening among the examined doughs. It was shown that the addition of nut flour reduced the values of the storage (G′) and loss (G″) modules characterizing the tested doughs, while in each case the G′ value was greater than the G″ value, which proves the advantage of the elastic properties. The creep and recovery tests showed that the nut dough was more susceptible to deformation compared to the control, which indicates that the presence of nut flour weakens the formation of the gluten network forming the dough structure, and makes it more susceptible to stress. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biorheology at Micro- and Macro-Scales)
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15 pages, 2752 KiB  
Article
Extensional Magnetorheology of Viscoelastic Human Blood Analogues Loaded with Magnetic Particles
by João M. Nunes, Francisco J. Galindo-Rosales and Laura Campo-Deaño
Materials 2021, 14(22), 6930; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma14226930 - 16 Nov 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1506
Abstract
This study represents a pioneering work on the extensional magnetorheological properties of human blood analogue fluids loaded with magnetic microparticles. Dynabeads M-270 particles were dispersed in Newtonian and viscoelastic blood analogue fluids at 5% wt. Capillary breakup experiments were performed, with and without [...] Read more.
This study represents a pioneering work on the extensional magnetorheological properties of human blood analogue fluids loaded with magnetic microparticles. Dynabeads M-270 particles were dispersed in Newtonian and viscoelastic blood analogue fluids at 5% wt. Capillary breakup experiments were performed, with and without the influence of an external magnetic field aligned with the flow direction. The presence of the particles increased the viscosity of the fluid, and that increment was larger when embedded within a polymeric matrix. The application of an external magnetic field led to an even larger increment of the viscosity of the working fluids, as the formation of small aggregates induced an increment in the effective volume fraction of particles. Regarding the liquid bridge stability, the Newtonian blood analogue fluid remained as a Newtonian liquid exhibiting a pinch-off at the breakup time in any circumstance. However, in the case of the viscoelastic blood analogue fluid, the presence of the particles and the simultaneous application of the magnetic field enhanced the formation of the beads-on-a-string structure, as the Ohnesorge number remained basically unaltered, whereas the time of the experiment increased due to its larger viscosity, which resulted in a decrease in the Deborah Number. This result was confirmed with fluids containing larger concentrations of xanthan gum. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biorheology at Micro- and Macro-Scales)
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8 pages, 1603 KiB  
Communication
Self-Propelled Aero-GaN Based Liquid Marbles Exhibiting Pulsed Rotation on the Water Surface
by Tudor Braniste, Vladimir Ciobanu, Fabian Schütt, Hidenori Mimura, Simion Raevschi, Rainer Adelung, Nicola M. Pugno and Ion Tiginyanu
Materials 2021, 14(17), 5086; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma14175086 - 06 Sep 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1856
Abstract
We report on self-propelled rotating liquid marbles fabricated using droplets of alcoholic solution encapsulated in hollow microtetrapods of GaN with hydrophilic free ends of their arms and hydrophobic lateral walls. Apart from stationary rotation, elongated-spheroid-like liquid marbles were found, for the first time, [...] Read more.
We report on self-propelled rotating liquid marbles fabricated using droplets of alcoholic solution encapsulated in hollow microtetrapods of GaN with hydrophilic free ends of their arms and hydrophobic lateral walls. Apart from stationary rotation, elongated-spheroid-like liquid marbles were found, for the first time, to exhibit pulsed rotation on water surfaces characterized by a threshold speed of rotation, which increased with the weight of the liquid marble while the frequency of pulses proved to decrease. To throw light upon the unusual behavior of the developed self-propelled liquid marbles, we propose a model which takes into account skimming of the liquid marbles over the water surface similar to that inherent to flying water lily beetle and the so-called helicopter effect, causing a liquid marble to rise above the level of the water surface when rotating. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biorheology at Micro- and Macro-Scales)
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Review

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20 pages, 27969 KiB  
Review
Hemodynamics Challenges for the Navigation of Medical Microbots for the Treatment of CVDs
by Erica Doutel, Francisco J. Galindo-Rosales and Laura Campo-Deaño
Materials 2021, 14(23), 7402; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma14237402 - 02 Dec 2021
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 2832
Abstract
Microbots have been considered powerful tools in minimally invasive medicine. In the last few years, the topic has been highly studied by researchers across the globe to further develop the capabilities of microbots in medicine. One of many applications of these devices is [...] Read more.
Microbots have been considered powerful tools in minimally invasive medicine. In the last few years, the topic has been highly studied by researchers across the globe to further develop the capabilities of microbots in medicine. One of many applications of these devices is performing surgical procedures inside the human circulatory system. It is expected that these microdevices traveling along the microvascular system can remove clots, deliver drugs, or even look for specific cells or regions to diagnose and treat. Although many studies have been published about this subject, the experimental influence of microbot morphology in hemodynamics of specific sites of the human circulatory system is yet to be explored. There are numerical studies already considering some of human physiological conditions, however, experimental validation is vital and demands further investigations. The roles of specific hemodynamic variables, the non-Newtonian behavior of blood and its particulate nature at small scales, the flow disturbances caused by the heart cycle, and the anatomy of certain arteries (i.e., bifurcations and tortuosity of vessels of some regions) in the determination of the dynamic performance of microbots are of paramount importance. This paper presents a critical analysis of the state-of-the-art literature related to pulsatile blood flow around microbots. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biorheology at Micro- and Macro-Scales)
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