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Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Integration and Regeneration
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Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Integration and Regeneration

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 May 2022) | Viewed by 5816

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Renzo Guarnieri

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Private Periodontal Implant Practice, Treviso, Italy
Interests: dentistry; dental surgery; oral and maxillofacial surgery
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Literature data have demonstrated that the long-term success of osseointegrated dental implants was also dependent on the transmucosal healing and stability around the implant collar, termed “peri-implant mucosa”. The attachment of the soft tissue to the coronal portion of an implant acts to provide a protective seal which prevents the development of bacterial invasion and future inflammation. An ever-increasing number of implant companies offer various soft tissue connections either to the abutments in bone-level implants or to the implant collar in tissue level implants. Although new implant companies frequently demonstrate the effects of their surface topography on bone-forming osteoblasts, much research on the most effective transmucosal attachment system is necessary to prevent further peri-implant tissue inflammation. Direct comparisons between the various implant systems as well as cell behavior need to be conducted, which offer more evidence on the best peri-implant tissue attachment at the connective tissue and epithelial levels.

Moreover, different materials (bone substitutes and membranes) have been used for peri-implant soft tissue regeneration; their success is dependent on finding an appropriate material that creates a microenvironment that mimics the cellular and tissue complexity of peri-implant soft tissues.

The purpose of this Special Issue is to gather the most recent and major scientific progresses on materials specifically dedicated to peri-implant soft tissue integration and regeneration. The materials must demonstrate biological performances in vitro and/or in vivo, cell guidance as well as cell proliferation, and differentiation to obtain a fully functional peri-implant soft tissue. 

We kindly invite you to submit a manuscript(s) for this Special Issue. Original research articles, short communications, and systematic reviews are all welcome.

Dr. Renzo Guarnieri
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 1297 KiB  
Article
In Vitro Direct and Indirect Cytotoxicity Comparative Analysis of One Pre-Hydrated versus One Dried Acellular Porcine Dermal Matrix
by Renzo Guarnieri, Rodolfo Reda, Dario Di Nardo, Gabriele Miccoli, Alessio Zanza and Luca Testarelli
Materials 2022, 15(5), 1937; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma15051937 - 05 Mar 2022
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 1723
Abstract
Aim: The aim of the present study was to compare the direct and indirect cytotoxicity of a porcine dried acellular dermal matrix (PDADM) versus a porcine hydrated acellular dermal matrix (PHADM) in vitro. Both are used for periodontal and peri-implant soft tissue regeneration. [...] Read more.
Aim: The aim of the present study was to compare the direct and indirect cytotoxicity of a porcine dried acellular dermal matrix (PDADM) versus a porcine hydrated acellular dermal matrix (PHADM) in vitro. Both are used for periodontal and peri-implant soft tissue regeneration. Materials and methods: Two standard direct cytotoxicity tests—namely, the Trypan exclusion method (TEM) and the reagent WST-1 test (4-3-[4-iodophenyl]-2-[4-nitrophenyl]-2H-[5-tetrazolio]-1,3-benzol-desulphonated)—were performed using human primary mesenchymal stem cells (HPMSCs) seeded directly onto a PDADM and PHADM after seven days. Two standard indirect cytotoxicity tests—namely, lactate dehydrogenase (LTT) and MTT (3-[4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl]-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazoliumbromide)—were performed using HPMSCs cultivated in eluates from the matrices incubated for 0.16 h (10 min), 1 h, and 24 h in a serum-free cell culture medium. Results: The WST and the TEM tests revealed significantly lower direct cytotoxicity values of HPMSCs on the PHADM compared with the PDADM. The indirect cytotoxicity levels were low for both the PHADM and PDADM, peaking in short-term eluates and decreasing with longer incubation times. However, they were lower for the PHADM with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.005). Conclusions: The results of the current study demonstrated a different biologic behavior between the PHADM and the PDADM, with the hydrated form showing a lower direct and indirect cytotoxicity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Integration and Regeneration)
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Review

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13 pages, 877 KiB  
Review
How Porphyromonas gingivalis Navigate the Map: The Effect of Surface Topography on the Adhesion of Porphyromonas gingivalis on Biomaterials
by Retno Ardhani, Rasda Diana and Bidhari Pidhatika
Materials 2022, 15(14), 4988; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma15144988 - 18 Jul 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1413
Abstract
The main purpose of this study is to develop an understanding of how Porphyromonas gingivalis responds to subperiosteal implant surface topography. A literature review was drawn from various electronic databases from 2000 to 2021. The two main keywords used were “Porphyromonas gingivalis [...] Read more.
The main purpose of this study is to develop an understanding of how Porphyromonas gingivalis responds to subperiosteal implant surface topography. A literature review was drawn from various electronic databases from 2000 to 2021. The two main keywords used were “Porphyromonas gingivalis” and “Surface Topography”. We excluded all reviews and or meta-analysis articles, articles not published in English, and articles with no surface characterization process or average surface roughness (Ra) value. A total of 26 selected publications were then included in this study. All research included showed the effect of topography on Porphyromonas gingivalis to various degrees. It was found that topography features such as size and shape affected Porphyromonas gingivalis adhesion to subperiosteal implant materials. In general, a smaller Ra value reduces Porphyromonas gingivalis regardless of the type of materials, with a threshold of 0.3 µm for titanium. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Integration and Regeneration)
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13 pages, 3516 KiB  
Review
Use of Xenogenic Collagen Matrices in Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Volume Augmentation: A Critical Review on the Current Evidence and New Technique Presentation
by Carlo De Annuntiis, Luca Testarelli and Renzo Guarnieri
Materials 2022, 15(11), 3937; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma15113937 - 31 May 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2101
Abstract
Plastic peri-implant surgical procedures aiming to increase soft tissue volume around dental implants have long been well-described. These are represented by: pedicle soft tissue grafts (rotational flap procedures and advanced flap procedures) and free soft tissue grafts (epithelialized, also called free gingival graft [...] Read more.
Plastic peri-implant surgical procedures aiming to increase soft tissue volume around dental implants have long been well-described. These are represented by: pedicle soft tissue grafts (rotational flap procedures and advanced flap procedures) and free soft tissue grafts (epithelialized, also called free gingival graft (FGG), and non-epithelialized, also called, connective tissue graft (CTG) or a combination of both. To bypass the drawback connected with autologous grafts harvesting, xenogenic collagen matrices (XCM)s and collagen-based matrices derived from porcine dermis (PDXCM)s have been introduced, as an alternative, in plastic peri-implant procedures. Aim: This review is aimed to evaluate and to critically analyze the available evidence on the effectiveness of XCMs and PDXCMs in soft tissue volume augmentation around dental implants. Moreover, a clinical case with a new soft tissue grafting procedure technique (Guided Soft Tissue Regeneration, GSTR) is presented. Material and Methods: An electronic search was performed on the MEDLINE database, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library and Web of Science. The electronic search provided a total of 133 articles. One hundred and twenty-eight not meeting the inclusion criteria were excluded. Seven articles of human randomized clinical trials were selected. A total number of 108 patients were treated with CTG, and 110 patients with XCM. Results: in peri-implant soft tissue augmentation procedures, XCMs seem an effective alternative to CTGs, associated with lower patient morbidity and lower operative times. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Integration and Regeneration)
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