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Dental Implant Surfaces: Controlling Hard or Soft Tissue Response

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A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 November 2022) | Viewed by 4407

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Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. In-Sung Yeo

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Guest Editor

Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University (SNU), Seoul, Republic of Korea
Interests: biologic interfaces; implant–abutment connection; applied physics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Surface modification technologies for dental implants have been applied to commercially pure titanium or titanium alloy at the micro-level for about 40 years. Recently, implant surfaces have been topographically and chemically modified at both micro- and nano-levels and have been actively investigated in the research field. These techniques are used to modify other metals and ceramics, making them more biocompatible. Interfaces between soft tissues and abutments of dental implant systems are another important factor in clinical implant dentistry. Abutment surface characteristics and biomechanics of implant–abutment connection have various effects on the surrounding soft tissues and, resultantly, the bone. This Special Issue, “Dental Implant Surfaces: Controlling Hard or Soft Tissue Response”, aims to collect the advanced works of scientists on the subject of biological responses to the surfaces of dental implants and abutments.

Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

In vitro evaluation of modified surfaces for dental implants;
In vitro evaluation of modified surfaces for abutments;
Biocompatibility of modified surfaces for dental implants and abutments;
Bone response to modified surfaces for dental implants;
Soft tissue response to modified surfaces for abutments;
Clinical interpretation of surface modifications for dental implants or abutments.

Prof. Dr. In-Sung Yeo
Guest Editor

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Keywords

biocompatibility
bone-implant interface
cytotoxicity
dental implant
soft tissue-abutment interface
surface modification

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 1891 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Bone Response to Conventional Titanium Implants and New Zirconia Implants Produced by Additive Manufacturing

by Jin-Cheol Kim and In-Sung Luke Yeo

Materials 2021, 14(16), 4405; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma14164405 - 06 Aug 2021

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2169

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vivo bone response to an additively manufactured zirconia surface compared to osseointegration into titanium (Ti) surfaces. Scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis were performed to assess the surface characteristics of implant specimens. For the in vivo evaluation, eight Ti implants and eight 3D-printed zirconia implants were used. The surface of four Ti implants was sandblasted, large-grit, and acid-etched (Ti-SLA group), while those of the other four Ti implants were left untreated (Ti-turned group). The zirconia implants had no further surface modification. Implants were placed into the tibiae of four rabbits; two received the Ti-SLA and zirconia implants and the other two received Ti-turned and zirconia implants. The experimental animals were sacrificed after four weeks of surgery, and the undecalcified microscopic slides were prepared. The bone–implant interface was analyzed by histomorphometry to evaluate the bone response. The degree of surface roughness showed that Ti-SLA was the highest, followed by zirconia and Ti-turned surfaces. The 3D-printed zirconia surface showed similar bone-to-implant contact to the Ti-turned surface, and Ti-SLA had the most bone-to-implant contact. The additively manufactured zirconia implant surface is biocompatible with respect to osseointegration compared to the commercially pure Ti surface. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dental Implant Surfaces: Controlling Hard or Soft Tissue Response)

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Other

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20 pages, 818 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Titanium Implant Surface Effects on Adherent Macrophage Phenotype: A Systematic Review

by Manju Pitchai, Deepak Ipe, Santosh Tadakamadla and Stephen Hamlet

Materials 2022, 15(20), 7314; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma15207314 - 19 Oct 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1720

Abstract

Immunomodulatory biomaterials have the potential to stimulate an immune response able to promote constructive and functional tissue remodeling responses as opposed to persistent inflammation and scar tissue formation. As such, the controlled activation of macrophages and modulation of their phenotype through implant surface modification has emerged as a key therapeutic strategy. Methods: Online databases were searched for in vitro studies between January 1991 and June 2020 which examined the effect of titanium implant surface topography on the adherent macrophage phenotype at either the gene or protein level. Results: Thirty-nine studies were subsequently included for review. Although there was significant heterogeneity between studies, treatment of titanium surfaces increased the surface roughness or hydrophilicity, and hence increased macrophage attachment but decreased cell spreading. Physical coating of the titanium surface also tended to promote the formation of cell clusters. Titanium and titanium-zirconium alloy with a micro- or nano-scale rough topography combined with a hydrophilic surface chemistry were the most effective surfaces for inducing an anti-inflammatory phenotype in adherent macrophages, as indicated by significant changes in cytokine gene expression and or cytokine secretion profiles. Conclusions: The published data support the hypothesis that incorporation of specific topographical and physiochemical surface modifications to titanium can modulate the phenotypic response of adherent macrophages. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dental Implant Surfaces: Controlling Hard or Soft Tissue Response)

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