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Future Trends in Materials for Tissue Engineering Applications

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 7181

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Engineering, University of Messina, Contrada Di Dio, I-98166 Messina, Italy
Interests: organic chemistry; nanomaterials functionalization; biomaterials for tissue engineering; biosensors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Engineering, University of Messina, Contrada Di Dio, I-98166 Messina, Italy
Interests: organic synthesis; nanomedicine; drug delivery
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the last few decades, biomaterials have been widely investigated for several biomedical applications such as implants, surgical sutures, scaffolds for regenerative medicine, and drug delivery systems. The surface modification of biopolymers and polymer composites with biomolecules, drugs, or bioactive signals, enabled new tissue engineering strategies, thus emerging as an innovative and promising technique in the field of regenerative medical science. Bioactive and biodegradable materials have been investigated to restore the form and function of injured tissues taking into account the physiological and functional requirements of host tissues. Current research focuses on the development of self-assembly biomaterials, bioprinting functional hydrogels, new polymeric architectures, and hybrid synthetic–natural hydrogels with desired physical, chemical, mechanical, biological, and degradation properties to match the requirements for specific tissue engineering applications. Considering these trends, this Special Issue aims to stimulate worldwide researchers to present original research articles, communications, and reviews that prominently demonstrate the future perspectives in developing advanced functional materials for the interdisciplinary field of tissue engineering.

Prof. Dr. Daniela Iannazzo
Dr. Consuelo Celesti
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • biomaterials
  • hydrogels
  • tissue engineering
  • hybrid materials
  • biopolymers

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 2237 KiB  
Article
Chitosan/POSS Hybrid Hydrogels for Bone Tissue Engineering
by Consuelo Celesti, Daniela Iannazzo, Claudia Espro, Annamaria Visco, Laura Legnani, Lucia Veltri, Giuseppa Visalli, Angela Di Pietro, Paola Bottino and Maria Assunta Chiacchio
Materials 2022, 15(22), 8208; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma15228208 - 18 Nov 2022
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 1777
Abstract
Hybrid hydrogels composed of chitosan (CS) have shown great potential in bone tissue engineering and regeneration. The introduction of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) in the biopolymeric matrix has been demonstrated to improve the rheological and biological properties of the hybrid composites. In this [...] Read more.
Hybrid hydrogels composed of chitosan (CS) have shown great potential in bone tissue engineering and regeneration. The introduction of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) in the biopolymeric matrix has been demonstrated to improve the rheological and biological properties of the hybrid composites. In this work, we have integrated the favourable features of chitosan (CS) and POSS nanoparticles to design new nanocomposites for bone tissue regeneration, focusing our attention on the effect of POSS concentration within the CS matrix (0.5, 1, and 1.5 equivalents in weight of POSS with respect to CS) on the chemical, physical, rheological, and in vitro biological properties of the final composites. The drug release ability of the synthesized hydrogel scaffolds were also investigated using, as the model drug, ketoprofen, that was included in the scaffold during the gelling procedure, showing a more controlled release for the hybrids with respect to CS (86–91% of drug released after two weeks). The results of the in vitro biological tests performed on human fetal osteoblastic cells (hFOB 1.19) culture demonstrated the great biocompatibility of the hybrid materials. The hybrids, at the different POSS concentrations, showed values of cell mortality superimposable with control cells (11.1 vs. 9.8%), thus revealing the CS/POSS hydrogels as possible candidates for bone tissue engineering applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Future Trends in Materials for Tissue Engineering Applications)
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9 pages, 6992 KiB  
Article
Revealing Localised Mechanochemistry of Biomaterials Using In Situ Multiscale Chemical Analysis
by Nicholas T.H. Farr
Materials 2022, 15(10), 3462; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma15103462 - 11 May 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1825
Abstract
The study of mechanical and chemical phenomena arising within a material that is being subjected to external stress is termed mechanochemistry (MC). Recent advances in MC have revealed the prospect not only to enable a greener route to chemical transformations but also to [...] Read more.
The study of mechanical and chemical phenomena arising within a material that is being subjected to external stress is termed mechanochemistry (MC). Recent advances in MC have revealed the prospect not only to enable a greener route to chemical transformations but also to offer previously unobtainable opportunities in the production and screening of biomaterials. To date, the field of MC has been constrained by the inability of current characterisation techniques to provide essential localised multiscale chemically mapping information. A potential method to overcome this is secondary electron hyperspectral imaging (SEHI). SEHI is a multiscale material characterisation technique applied within a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Based on the collection of secondary electron (SE) emission spectra at low primary beam energies, SEHI is applicable to the chemical assessment of uncoated polymer surfaces. Here, we demonstrate that SEHI can provide in situ MC information using poly(glycerol sebacate)-methacrylate (PGS-M) as an example biomaterial of interest. This study brings the use of a bespoke in situ SEM holder together with the application of SEHI to provide, for the first time, enhanced biomaterial mechanochemical characterisation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Future Trends in Materials for Tissue Engineering Applications)
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17 pages, 4692 KiB  
Article
Titanium Surface Modification for Implantable Medical Devices with Anti-Bacterial Adhesion Properties
by Consuelo Celesti, Teresa Gervasi, Nicola Cicero, Salvatore Vincenzo Giofrè, Claudia Espro, Elpida Piperopoulos, Bartolo Gabriele, Raffaella Mancuso, Giovanna Lo Vecchio and Daniela Iannazzo
Materials 2022, 15(9), 3283; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma15093283 - 03 May 2022
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 2834
Abstract
Pure titanium and titanium alloys are widely used in dentistry and orthopedics. However, despite their outstanding mechanical and biological properties, implant failure mainly due to post-operative infection still remains a significant concern. The possibility to develop inherent antibacterial medical devices was here investigated [...] Read more.
Pure titanium and titanium alloys are widely used in dentistry and orthopedics. However, despite their outstanding mechanical and biological properties, implant failure mainly due to post-operative infection still remains a significant concern. The possibility to develop inherent antibacterial medical devices was here investigated by covalently inserting bioactive ammonium salts onto the surface of titanium metal substrates. Titanium discs have been functionalized with quaternary ammonium salts (QASs) and with oleic acid (OA), affording the Ti-AEMAC Ti-GTMAC, Ti-AUTEAB, and Ti-OA samples, which were characterized by ATR-FTIR and SEM-EDX analyses and investigated for the roughness and hydrophilic behavior. The chemical modifications were shown to deeply affect the surface properties of the metal substrates and, as a consequence, their bio-interaction. The bacterial adhesion tests against the Gram-negative Escherichia Coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, at 1.5 and 24 h of bacterial contact, showed good anti-adhesion activity for Ti-AUTEAB and Ti-OA samples, containing a long alkyl chain between the silicon atom and the ammonium functionality. In particular, the Ti-AUTEAB sample showed inhibition of bacteria adhesion against Escherichia Coli of about one log with respect to the other samples, after 1.5 h. The results of this study highlight the importance of chemical functionalization in addressing the antimicrobial activity of metal surfaces and could open new perspectives in the development of inherent antibacterial medical devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Future Trends in Materials for Tissue Engineering Applications)
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13 pages, 2256 KiB  
Article
Synthesis of Ti-Al-xNb Ternary Alloys via Laser-Engineered Net Shaping for Biomedical Application: Densification, Electrochemical and Mechanical Properties Studies
by Lehlogonolo Rudolf Kanyane, Abimbola Patricia Idowu Popoola, Sisa Pityana and Monnamme Tlotleng
Materials 2022, 15(2), 544; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma15020544 - 12 Jan 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1484
Abstract
The lives of many people around the world are impaired and shortened mostly by cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Despite the fact that medical interventions and surgical heart transplants may improve the lives of patients suffering from cardiovascular disease, the cost of treatments and securing [...] Read more.
The lives of many people around the world are impaired and shortened mostly by cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Despite the fact that medical interventions and surgical heart transplants may improve the lives of patients suffering from cardiovascular disease, the cost of treatments and securing a perfect donor are aspects that compel patients to consider cheaper and less invasive therapies. The use of synthetic biomaterials such as titanium-based implants are an alternative for cardiac repair and regeneration. In this work, an in situ development of Ti-Al-xNb alloys were synthesized via laser additive manufacturing for biomedical application. The effect of Nb composition on Ti-Al was investigated. The microstructural evolution was characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). A potentiodynamic polarization technique was utilized to investigate the corrosion behavior of TiAl-Nb in 3.5% NaCl. The microhardness and corrosion behaviour of the synthesized Ti-Al-Nb alloys were found to be dependent on laser-processing parameters. The microhardness performance of the samples increased with an increase in the Nb feed rate to the Ti-Al alloy system. Maximum microhardness of 699.8 HVN was evident at 0.061 g/min while at 0.041 g/min the microhardness was 515.8 HVN at Nb gas carrier of 1L/min, respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Future Trends in Materials for Tissue Engineering Applications)
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