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Microorganisms
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Biofertilizer Microorganism in Agriculture
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Biofertilizer Microorganism in Agriculture

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 August 2022) | Viewed by 25549

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Tadashi Yokoyama

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
The Faculty of Food and Agricultural Science, Fukushima University, Kanayagawa 1, Fukushima 960-1296, Japan
Interests: agricultural microorganisms; biofertilizer; plant-microbial interaction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biofertilizers are substances containing active microorganisms that promote plant growth and development and increase crop yields through a variety of mechanisms, such as nitrogen fixation, solubilizing phosphate, and potassium, which inhibit plant pathogens and protect crops from biological stress. At present, excessive use of harmful chemical fertilizers and pesticides causes environmental pollution and damages human health. Biofertilizers are considered a promising nontoxic alternative, essential to promoting sustainable agricultural development.

In this Special Issue of Microorganisms, we welcome but are not limited to the following topics:

(1) Potentiality and effect of fertilizer microorganisms on plant growth and development and biocontrol;

(2) Research and development of biofertilizers with a new mode of action;

(3) Current use of biofertilizer at agricultural production sites around the world, its application effect, and dissemination situation (diversity);

(4) Specific examples of how we can contribute to the achievement of the sustainable agricultural development in recent years (economic evaluation and contribution).

Prof. Dr. Tadashi Yokoyama
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biofertilizer microorganisms
  • plant-microbial interaction
  • novel mode of action
  • diversity
  • economic evaluation
  • sustainable agriculture

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 1792 KiB  
Article
Optimization of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BLB369 Culture Medium by Response Surface Methodology for Low Cost Production of Antifungal Activity
by Imen Zalila-Kolsi, Sameh Kessentini, Slim Tounsi and Kaïs Jamoussi
Microorganisms 2022, 10(4), 830; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms10040830 - 16 Apr 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2211
Abstract
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BLB369 is an important plant growth-promoting bacterium, which produces antifungal compounds. A statistics-based experimental design was used to optimize a liquid culture medium using inexpensive substrates for increasing its antifungal activity. A Plackett–Burman design was first applied to elucidate medium components [...] Read more.
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BLB369 is an important plant growth-promoting bacterium, which produces antifungal compounds. A statistics-based experimental design was used to optimize a liquid culture medium using inexpensive substrates for increasing its antifungal activity. A Plackett–Burman design was first applied to elucidate medium components having significant effects on antifungal production. Then the steepest ascent method was employed to approach the experimental design space, followed by an application of central composite design. Three factors were retained (candy waste, peptone, and sodium chloride), and polynomial and original trigonometric models fitted the antifungal activity. The trigonometric model ensured a better fit. The contour and surface plots showed concentric increasing levels pointing out an optimized activity. Hence, the polynomial and trigonometric models showed a maximal antifungal activity of 251.9 (AU/mL) and 255.5 (AU/mL) for (19.17, 19.88, 3.75) (g/L) and (19.61, 20, 3.7) (g/L) of candy waste, peptone, and NaCl, respectively. This study provides a potential strategy for improving the fermentation of B. amyloliquefaciens BLB369 in low-cost media for large-scale industrial production. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biofertilizer Microorganism in Agriculture)
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14 pages, 1667 KiB  
Article
Effects of Rhizobia Isolated from Coffee Fields in the High Jungle Peruvian Region, Tested on Phaseolus vulgaris L. var. Red Kidney
by Jesus Lirio-Paredes, Katty Ogata-Gutiérrez and Doris Zúñiga-Dávila
Microorganisms 2022, 10(4), 823; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms10040823 - 15 Apr 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1863
Abstract
Soils in the high jungle region of Peru continuously face erosion due to heavy rain, which leads to significant nutrient losses. Leguminous plants may provide a sustainable solution to this problem due to their ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen with the help of [...] Read more.
Soils in the high jungle region of Peru continuously face erosion due to heavy rain, which leads to significant nutrient losses. Leguminous plants may provide a sustainable solution to this problem due to their ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen with the help of symbiotic rhizospheric microbes that reside in their root nodules and help restore soil fertility. The aim of this study was to isolate native rhizobial strains that can form functional nodules in red kidney beans to help improve their growth, development, and yield in field conditions. Rhizobium strains were isolated from soil samples collected from coffee fields using bean plants as trap hosts. The strain RZC12 was selected because it showed good root nodule promotion and a number of PGPR (plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria) attributes. In the field, bean plants inoculated with the strain RZC12 and co-cultivated with coffee plants produced approximately 21 nodules per plant, whereas control plants produced an average of 1 nodule each. The inoculation with RZC12 significantly increased plant length (72.7%), number of leaves (58.8%), fresh shoot weight (85.5%), dry shoot weight (78%), fresh root weight (85.7%), and dry root weight (82.5%), compared with the control. The dry pod weight produced by the plants inoculated with RZC12 was 3.8 g, whereas the control plants produced 2.36 g of pods. In conclusion, RZC12 is a promising strain that can be used in field conditions to improve the overall productivity of red kidney beans. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biofertilizer Microorganism in Agriculture)
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17 pages, 3702 KiB  
Article
Unraveling the Tropaeolum majus L. (Nasturtium) Root-Associated Bacterial Community in Search of Potential Biofertilizers
by Isabella Dal’Rio, Jackeline Rossetti Mateus and Lucy Seldin
Microorganisms 2022, 10(3), 638; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms10030638 - 17 Mar 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2861
Abstract
Although Tropaeolum majus (nasturtium) is an agriculturally and economically important plant, especially due to the presence of edible flowers and its medicinal properties, its microbiome is quite unexplored. Here, the structure of the total bacterial community associated with the rhizosphere, endosphere and bulk [...] Read more.
Although Tropaeolum majus (nasturtium) is an agriculturally and economically important plant, especially due to the presence of edible flowers and its medicinal properties, its microbiome is quite unexplored. Here, the structure of the total bacterial community associated with the rhizosphere, endosphere and bulk soil of T. majus was determined by 16S rRNA amplicon metagenomic sequencing. A decrease in diversity and richness from bulk soil to the rhizosphere and from the rhizosphere to the endosphere was observed in the alpha diversity analyses. The phylum Proteobacteria was the most dominant in the bacteriome of the three sites evaluated, whereas the genera Pseudomonas and Ralstonia showed a significantly higher relative abundance in the rhizosphere and endosphere communities, respectively. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (236 PGPB) were also isolated from the T. majus endosphere, and 76 strains belonging to 11 different genera, mostly Serratia, Raoultella and Klebsiella, showed positive results for at least four out of six plant growth-promoting tests performed. The selection of PGPB associated with T. majus can result in the development of a biofertilizer with activity against phytopathogens and capable of favoring the development of this important plant. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biofertilizer Microorganism in Agriculture)
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13 pages, 2787 KiB  
Article
Isolation and Characterization of Effective Bacteria That Reduce Ammonia Emission from Livestock Manure
by Sun-Il Kim, Wan Heo, So-Jung Lee and Young-Jun Kim
Microorganisms 2022, 10(1), 77; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms10010077 - 30 Dec 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2372
Abstract
Ammonia from livestock manure reacts with chemical components discharged from various emission sources to produce airborne particulate matter. This study aimed to investigate a novel effective microbial agent to suppress ammonia gas emitted from manure. Both isolated L12I and 12III strains, identified as [...] Read more.
Ammonia from livestock manure reacts with chemical components discharged from various emission sources to produce airborne particulate matter. This study aimed to investigate a novel effective microbial agent to suppress ammonia gas emitted from manure. Both isolated L12I and 12III strains, identified as Pediococcus acidilactici (PA), were selected for their superior activity in assays performed with the evaluation criteria such as acid production, ammonia decomposition, and urease inhibition, which are key factors influencing ammonia excretion. The survivability of PA strains was confirmed by an increase in DNA abundance in the manure. PA strains lowered the pH of manure and suppressed the growth of hyper-ammonia-producing bacteria (HAB) possessing urease activity. The L12I and 12III treatment groups showed 23.58% and 38.00% emission reductions, respectively. Especially, the 12III strain was proven to be the more effective strain for reducing ammonia gas emission, with the best ability to reduce pH and inhibit HAB. The strains could have an additive effect in improving the manure quality as a nitrogen fertilizer by preserving the total nitrogen and urea content. These results suggest that PA strains can be used as unprecedented microbial agents to improve manure-derived environmental pollution and improve fertilizer quality. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biofertilizer Microorganism in Agriculture)
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Review

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18 pages, 1467 KiB  
Review
Microbial Volatile Organic Compounds: An Alternative for Chemical Fertilizers in Sustainable Agriculture Development
by Murugesan Chandrasekaran, Manivannan Paramasivan and Jesudass Joseph Sahayarayan
Microorganisms 2023, 11(1), 42; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms11010042 - 22 Dec 2022
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3688
Abstract
Microorganisms are exceptional at producing several volatile substances called microbial volatile organic compounds (mVOCs). The mVOCs allow the microorganism to communicate with other organisms via both inter and intracellular signaling pathways. Recent investigation has revealed that mVOCs are chemically very diverse and play [...] Read more.
Microorganisms are exceptional at producing several volatile substances called microbial volatile organic compounds (mVOCs). The mVOCs allow the microorganism to communicate with other organisms via both inter and intracellular signaling pathways. Recent investigation has revealed that mVOCs are chemically very diverse and play vital roles in plant interactions and microbial communication. The mVOCs can also modify the plant’s physiological and hormonal pathways to augment plant growth and production. Moreover, mVOCs have been affirmed for effective alleviation of stresses, and also act as an elicitor of plant immunity. Thus, mVOCs act as an effective alternative to various chemical fertilizers and pesticides. The present review summarizes the recent findings about mVOCs and their roles in inter and intra-kingdoms interactions. Prospects for improving soil fertility, food safety, and security are affirmed for mVOCs application for sustainable agriculture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biofertilizer Microorganism in Agriculture)
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16 pages, 1291 KiB  
Review
Biofertilizer: The Future of Food Security and Food Safety
by Augustine Innalegwu Daniel, Adewale Oluwaseun Fadaka, Arun Gokul, Olalekan Olanrewaju Bakare, Omolola Aina, Stacey Fisher, Adam Frank Burt, Vuyo Mavumengwana, Marshall Keyster and Ashwil Klein
Microorganisms 2022, 10(6), 1220; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms10061220 - 14 Jun 2022
Cited by 62 | Viewed by 11169
Abstract
There is a direct correlation between population growth and food demand. As the global population continues to rise, there is a need to scale up food production to meet the food demand of the population. In addition, the arable land over time has [...] Read more.
There is a direct correlation between population growth and food demand. As the global population continues to rise, there is a need to scale up food production to meet the food demand of the population. In addition, the arable land over time has lost its naturally endowed nutrients. Hence, alternative measures such as fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides are used to fortify the soil and scale up the production rate. As efforts are being made to meet this food demand and ensure food security, it is equally important to ensure food safety for consumption. Food safety measures need to be put in place throughout the food production chain lines. One of the fundamental measures is the use of biofertilizers or plant growth promoters instead of chemical or synthesized fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides that poise several dangers to human and animal health. Biofertilizers competitively colonize plant root systems, which, in turn, enhance nutrient uptake, increase productivity and crop yield, improve plants’ tolerance to stress and their resistance to pathogens, and improve plant growth through mechanisms such as the mobilization of essential elements, nutrients, and plant growth hormones. Biofertilizers are cost-effective and ecofriendly in nature, and their continuous usage enhances soil fertility. They also increase crop yield by up to about 10–40% by increasing protein contents, essential amino acids, and vitamins, and by nitrogen fixation. This review therefore highlighted different types of biofertilizers and the mechanisms by which they elicit their function to enhance crop yield to meet food demand. In addition, the review also addressed the role of microorganisms in promoting plant growth and the various organisms that are beneficial for enhancing plant growth. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biofertilizer Microorganism in Agriculture)
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