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Microorganisms
Special Issues
Oral Microbiota and Associated Local and Focal Infections
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Oral Microbiota and Associated Local and Focal Infections

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 6186

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Pedro Diz Dios

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Special Needs Unit, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Santiago de Compostela University, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Interests: special care dentistry; oral medicine; oral infection
Dr. Juan Blanco

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Periodontology Unit, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Santiago de Compostela University, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Interests: periodontitis; peri-implantitis; periodontal medicine; systemic inflammation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

The collective function of microbial communities is a major driver of homeostasis or dysbiosis and ultimately health or disease. Dysbiosis occurs due to factors that predispose a shift in the composition of the microbiome, abundance of particular species, virulence factors, and the immune response of the host. The dynamic and polymicrobial oral microbiome is a direct precursor of diseases such as dental caries and periodontitis. However, the emerging oral-infection-related diseases emphasize biomaterials and techniques for oral rehabilitation, medical devices, and links with systemic manifestations including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, lacunar infarct/ischemic stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and chronic kidney disease, highlighting extraoral communications via inflammation and/or microbial presence. Moreover, the revolution of molecular diagnostic methods emphasizing nonculture techniques has redefined the oral microbiota.

The aim of this Special Issue is to provide new information on the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of oral infections and focal infections of oral origin, mainly focused on translational research.

As Guest Editors of this Special Issue, we invite you to submit research articles, review articles, short communications, and case reports related to oral microbiota and associated local and focal infections, although the oral–systemic link will also be considered.

Dr. Juan Blanco
Prof. Pedro Diz Dios
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • oral microbiome
  • oral bacteria
  • oral infection
  • focal infection
  • oral–systemic link

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 1729 KiB  
Article
Molecular Detection of Streptococcus downii sp. nov. from Dental Plaque Samples from Patients with Down Syndrome and Non-Syndromic Individuals
by Eliane García-Mato, Lucía Martínez-Lamas, Maximiliano Álvarez-Fernández, Iván Varela-Aneiros, Marcio Diniz-Freitas, Jacobo Limeres-Posse and Pedro Diz-Dios
Microorganisms 2022, 10(6), 1098; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms10061098 - 26 May 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1586
Abstract
A new bacterial species has recently been identified in the dental plaque of an adolescent with Down syndrome. The species is known as Streptococcus downii sp. nov. (abbreviated to S. downii), and it inhibits the growth of S. mutans and certain periodontal [...] Read more.
A new bacterial species has recently been identified in the dental plaque of an adolescent with Down syndrome. The species is known as Streptococcus downii sp. nov. (abbreviated to S. downii), and it inhibits the growth of S. mutans and certain periodontal pathogens. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of S. downii in the oral cavity of individuals with Down syndrome. Methods: A specific polymerase chain reaction for the operon of bacteriocin (class IIb lactobin A/cerein 7B family) was designed to detect S. downii in individuals with Down syndrome (n = 200) and in the general population (n = 100). We also compared the whole genome of S. downii and the regions related to its bacteriocins against 127 metagenomes of supragingival plaque of the “Human Microbiome Project”. Results: We detected the specific gene of the S. downii bacteriocin in an individual with Down syndrome (Cq, 34.52; GE/μL, 13.0) and in an individual of the non-syndromic control group (Cq, 34.78 Cq; GE/μL, 4.93). The prevalence of S. downii was ≤1% both in Down syndrome and in the general population, which did not allow for clinical-microbiological correlations to be established. This result was confirmed by detecting only one metagenome with an ANIm with approximately 95% homology and with 100% homology with ORFs that code class IIb lactobiocin A/cerein 7B bacteriocins among the 127 metagenomes of the “Human Microbiome Project” tested. Conclusions: The detection rate of S. downii in the supragingival dental plaque was very low, both in the Down syndrome individuals and in the non-syndromic controls. A clinical-microbiological correlation could therefore not be established. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Microbiota and Associated Local and Focal Infections)
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12 pages, 2347 KiB  
Article
Periodontal Pathogens Inhabit Root Caries Lesions Extending beyond the Gingival Margin: A Next-Generation Sequencing Analysis
by Shoji Takenaka, Naoki Edanami, Yasutaka Komatsu, Ryoko Nagata, Traithawit Naksagoon, Maki Sotozono, Takako Ida and Yuichiro Noiri
Microorganisms 2021, 9(11), 2349; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms9112349 - 13 Nov 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2119
Abstract
We performed a comprehensive microbiome analysis of root caries lesions using 22 teeth extracted from patients with severe periodontitis. The carious lesions were mechanically collected and cryo-pulverized following tooth extraction. Differences in the microbiome were compared between independent lesions at the supragingival site [...] Read more.
We performed a comprehensive microbiome analysis of root caries lesions using 22 teeth extracted from patients with severe periodontitis. The carious lesions were mechanically collected and cryo-pulverized following tooth extraction. Differences in the microbiome were compared between independent lesions at the supragingival site (SG) and lesions extending beyond the gingival margin (GCB). DNA was extracted and the microbiome was characterized on the basis of the V3-V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene using paired-end sequencing on an Illumina MiSeq device. The microbiota in root caries lesions showed compositionally distinct microbiota depending on the location. The most abundant OTUs in the SG group were Streptococcus (26.0%), Actinomyces (10.6%), and Prevotella (7.6%). GCB presented Prevotella (11.1%) as the most abundant genus, followed by Fusobacterium (9.6%) and Actinomyces (8.7%). The SG group showed a lack of uniformity in microbiota compared with the GCB group. The bacterial profiles of GCB varied considerably among patients, including periodontal pathogens such as Porphyromonas, Selenomonas, Filifactor, Peptococcus, and Tannerella. Periodontal pathogens inhabit root caries lesions that extend beyond the gingival margin. This study provides a new perspective for elucidating the microbial etiology of root caries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Microbiota and Associated Local and Focal Infections)
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17 pages, 311 KiB  
Article
Characterization of the Subgingival Cultivable Microbiota in Patients with Different Stages of Periodontitis in Spain and Colombia. A Cross-Sectional Study
by Roquelina Pianeta, Margarita Iniesta, Diana Marcela Castillo, Gloria I. Lafaurie, Mariano Sanz and David Herrera
Microorganisms 2021, 9(9), 1940; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms9091940 - 12 Sep 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 1897
Abstract
The objective was to characterize and compare the subgingival microbiota in patients diagnosed according to the World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions 2018. For this cross-sectional study, Spanish and Colombian subjects (characterized as health/gingivitis, periodontitis in stages [...] Read more.
The objective was to characterize and compare the subgingival microbiota in patients diagnosed according to the World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions 2018. For this cross-sectional study, Spanish and Colombian subjects (characterized as health/gingivitis, periodontitis in stages I-II or stages III-IV) were clinically assessed, and subgingival samples were taken and processed by culture. The comparisons among patients with periodontal status (and between countries) was made using Mann–Whitney, Kruskal–Wallis, ANOVA and chi-square tests. The final sample consisted of 167 subjects. Eikenella corrodens and Parvimonas micra were more frequently detected in health/gingivitis and Porphyromonas gingivalis in periodontitis (p < 0.05). Higher total counts were observed in Colombia (p = 0.036). In Spain, significantly higher levels of P. gingivalis and Campylobacter rectus were observed, and of Tannerella forsythia, P. micra, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Actinomyces odontolyticus and Capnocytophaga spp. in Colombia (p < 0.001). P. micra was more prevalent in health/gingivitis and stage I-II periodontitis in Colombia, and P. gingivalis in all periodontitis groups in Spain (p < 0.05). As conclusions, significant differences were detected in the microbiota between health/gingivitis and periodontitis, with minor differences between stages of periodontitis. Differences were also relevant between countries, with Colombia showing larger counts and variability of bacterial species. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Microbiota and Associated Local and Focal Infections)
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