Submit to Microorganisms Review for Microorganisms Propose a Special Issue

Journal Menu

Journal Browser

Emergence and Dissemination of Colistin Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria

Print Special Issue Flyer
Special Issue Editors
Special Issue Information
Keywords
Published Papers

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Antimicrobial Agents and Resistance".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2020) | Viewed by 19303

Share This Special Issue

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Gabriela Jorge Da Silva

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
Interests: antimicrobial resistance; molecular epidemiology; horizontal gene transfer; Acinetobacter; virulence factors; E. coli; Salmonella; microbiota
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Sara Domingues

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is dedicated to updates on “The Emergence and Dissemination of Colistin Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria”, which covers all fields related to phenotypic and molecular detection, epidemiological studies, molecular characterization of colistin resistance mechanisms, and horizontal gene transfer studies. Articles dealing with colistin-resistant bacteria recovered from diverse niches such as human and animal clinical samples, terrestrial food–animal production, aquaculture, wild animals, and environmental samples will be welcome to expand our knowledge on the epidemiology of colistin resistance and in the “One Health” perspective. Additionally, all studies that report new methods of detection and identification of colistin-resistance determinants that will improve our current knowledge on the topic, and the characterization of the genetic platforms, especially in the plasmidic mcr-gene family, and the comprehension of the mechanisms responsible for their spread, will be appreciated. Original research papers, reviews, short notes or commentaries on this topic will be acknowledged.

Prof. Dr. Gabriela Jorge Da Silva
Prof. Dr. Sara Domingues
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Colistin resistance
Gram-negative bacteria
Epidemiological surveys
mcr
Plasmid
Genetic transfer
Detection techniques
Multidrug resistance
Nosocomial infections
Animal samples
Environmental samples
One Health

Published Papers (5 papers)

Download All Papers

Research

Jump to: Review, Other

14 pages, 1757 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Colistin Heteroresistance among Extended Spectrum β-lactamases-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae

by Felipe Morales-León, Celia A. Lima, Gerardo González-Rocha, Andrés Opazo-Capurro and Helia Bello-Toledo

Microorganisms 2020, 8(9), 1279; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms8091279 - 21 Aug 2020

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2725

Abstract

Colistin-heteroresistant (CST-HR) Enterobacterales isolates have been identified recently, challenging the clinical laboratories since routine susceptibility tests fail to detect this phenotype. In this work we describe the first CST-HR phenotype in extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in South America. Additionally, we determine the genomic mechanisms of colistin heteroresistance in these strains. The CST-HR phenotype was analyzed by the population analysis profile (PAP) method, and mutations associated with this phenotype were determined by whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and the local BLAST+ DB tool. As a result, 8/60 isolates were classified as CST-HR according to the PAP method. From WGS, we determined that the CST-HR isolates belong to three different Sequence Types (STs) and four K-loci: ST11 (KL15 and KL81), ST25 (KL2), and ST1161 (KL19). We identified diverse mutations in the two-component regulatory systems PmrAB and PhoPQ, as well as a disruption of the mgrB global regulator mediated by IS1-like and IS-5-like elements, which could confer resistance to CST in CST-HR and ESBL-producing isolates. These are the first descriptions in Chile of CST-HR in ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates. The emergence of these isolates could have a major impact on the effectiveness of colistin as a “last resort” against these isolates, thus jeopardizing current antibiotic alternatives; therefore, it is important to consider the epidemiology of the CST-HR phenotype. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emergence and Dissemination of Colistin Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

9 pages, 1671 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Emergence of a Multidrug-Resistant Enterobacter hormaechei Clinical Isolate from Egypt Co-Harboring mcr-9 and bla_VIM-4

by Ahmed M. Soliman, Fumito Maruyama, Hoda O. Zarad, Atsushi Ota, Hirofumi Nariya, Toshi Shimamoto and Tadashi Shimamoto

Microorganisms 2020, 8(4), 595; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms8040595 - 20 Apr 2020

Cited by 30 | Viewed by 4498

Abstract

This study describes the first full genomic sequence of an mcr-9 and bla_VIM-4-carrying multidrug-resistant Enterobacter hormaechei clinical isolate from Egypt. The strain was isolated in April 2015 from the sputum of a patient in Cairo, Egypt. The mcr-9 and bla_VIM-4 genes were identified by PCR screening and DNA sequencing; the isolate was subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing, conjugation experiments, and whole genomic sequencing. mcr-9 and bla_VIM-4 were carried by an IncHI2 plasmid, pAMS-38a (281,121 bp in size); the plasmid also carried genes conferring resistance against sulfonamides (sul1), quinolones (qnrA1), trimethoprim (dfrA1), β-lactams (bla_TEM-1B), aminoglycosides (aac (6’)-II, aadA23, aadA2b, and ant(2’’)-Ia). The strain was susceptible to colistin (MIC, <0.25 μg/mL); this could be due to the absence of the qseC/qseB regulatory system located downstream of mcr-9 in Enterobacterales, which is involved in the induction of colistin-resistance. The genetic context of mcr-9 and bla_VIM-4 was identified as IS1-mcr-9-IS903-pcoS-∆pcoE-rcnA and intI1-bla_VIM-4—aac (6’)-II-dfrA1-∆aadA23-smr-ISPa21-qacE∆1, respectively. This is the first report of an mcr-9 and bla_VIM-4 /IncHI2-carrying multidrug-resistant E. hormaechei clinical isolate from Africa and the Middle East. Plasmids of the IncHI2 group and the two insertion sequences (IS1, and IS903) might be the main vehicles for dissemination of mcr-9. Further screening for mcr-9 is essential for identifying its incidence and to prevent its dissemination. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emergence and Dissemination of Colistin Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

8 pages, 899 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Characterization of mcr-1-Harboring Plasmids from Pan Drug-Resistant Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Retail Raw Chicken in South Korea

by Jinshil Kim, Bo Kyoung Hwang, HyeLim Choi, Yang Wang, Sang Ho Choi, Sangryeol Ryu and Byeonghwa Jeon

Microorganisms 2019, 7(9), 344; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms7090344 - 12 Sep 2019

Cited by 23 | Viewed by 4304

Abstract

A number of studies from different countries have characterized mcr-1-harboring plasmids isolated from food; however, nothing has been reported about it in South Korea. In this study, we report the characterization of mcr-1 plasmids from pan drug-resistant (PDR) Escherichia coli strains isolated from retail food in the country. Colistin-resistant E. coli strains were isolated from retail raw chicken, and PCR was carried out to detect the mcr-1 gene. Whole genome sequencing of the mcr-1-positive strains was performed for further characterization. The results of whole genome sequencing revealed that all mcr-1 plasmids belonged to the IncI2 type. In addition to the mcr-1 plasmids, all of the isolates also carried additional plasmids possessing multiple antibiotic resistance genes, and the PDR was mediated by resistant plasmids except for fluoroquinolone resistance resulting from mutations in gyrA and parC. Interestingly, the mcr-1 plasmids were transferred by conjugation to other pathogenic strains including enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), Salmonella, and Klebsiella at the frequencies of 10⁻³−10⁻⁶, 10⁻²−10⁻⁵, 10⁻⁴−10⁻⁵, 10⁻⁴−10⁻⁶, and 10⁻⁵−10⁻⁶, respectively. The results showed that mcr-1 plasmids can be easily transmitted to pathogenic bacteria by conjugation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emergence and Dissemination of Colistin Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

Review

Jump to: Research, Other

16 pages, 1265 KiB

Open AccessReview

Emergence and Dissemination of mcr-Carrying Clinically Relevant Salmonella Typhimurium Monophasic Clone ST34

by Silpak Biswas, Yan Li, Mohammed Elbediwi and Min Yue

Microorganisms 2019, 7(9), 298; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms7090298 - 28 Aug 2019

Cited by 58 | Viewed by 5208

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance in bacteria is one of the urgent threats to both public and global health. The Salmonella Typhimurium monophasic sequence type 34 (ST34) clone, with its rapid dissemination and resistance to numerous critical antimicrobials, has raised global concerns. Here, we present an updated overview on the emerging infections caused by mobile colistin resistance (mcr)-carrying colistin-resistant ST34 isolates, covering their global dissemination and virulence-associated efficacy. The higher rates of mcr-1-positive ST34 in children in China highlights the increasing threat caused by this pathogen. Most of the ST34 isolates carrying the mcr-1 gene were isolated from animals and food products, indicating the role of foodborne transmission of mcr-1. The emergence of multidrug resistance genes along with various virulence factors and many heavy metal resistance genes on the chromosome and plasmid from ST34 isolates will challenge available therapeutic options. The presence of the colistin resistance gene (mcr-1, mcr-3, and mcr-5) with the multidrug-resistant phenotype in ST34 has spread across different countries, and most of the mcr-1 genes in ST34 isolates were detected in plasmid type IncHI2 followed by IncI2, and IncX4. Together, mcr-carrying S. Typhimurium ST34 may become a new pandemic clone. The fast detection and active surveillance in community, hospital, animal herds, food products and environment are urgently warranted. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emergence and Dissemination of Colistin Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria)

► Show Figures