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Advances in Cytoprotective Drug Discovery II

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Medicinal Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 December 2022) | Viewed by 4275

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
Interests: bioactive compounds; secondary metabolites; marine invertebrates; marine fungi; cytoprotection; cytotoxicity; structure–activity relationships
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has raised the challenge of creating effective cytoprotective drugs that protect the cells of the heart, brain, lungs and other organs from the damaging effects of infections. Furthermore, the impact of physical factors, such as high levels of ultraviolet radiation and suspended particles in the polluted air of megacities, cannot be ignored. Cellular defense mechanisms have been studied to some extent and are known to include autophagy, C-protein activation, the endoplasmic reticulum shock response system, cell antioxidant and anti-inflammatory systems and others. Thus, information on natural and synthetic compounds capable of activating these protective molecular mechanisms is extremely important for the discovery of cytoprotective drugs.

Indeed, natural objects are the most valuable source of cytoprotective substances since they are in constant competition for existence and produce both secondary metabolites with a toxic effect for "attack" activities and cytoprotective secondary metabolites for self-defense. A deep chemical understanding of micro- and macro-organisms and the possibility of organic synthesis can help pave the way for necessary solutions.

The second edition of the Special Issue will provide a platform for articles describing the isolation and identification of various demonstrated types of cytoprotective effects of natural products, as well as the study of cytoprotective synthetic compounds. In addition, manuscripts describing the molecular mechanism of the cytoprotective action of promising drug candidates are welcome.

Dr. Ekaterina Yurchenko
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cytoprotection
  • cardioprotection
  • antioxidants
  • hepatoprotection
  • skin protection
  • lung protection
  • natural products
  • drug candidates

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 2437 KiB  
Article
Cytoprotective Polyketides from Sponge-Derived Fungus Lopadostoma pouzarii
by Phan Thi Hoai Trinh, Anton N. Yurchenko, Olga O. Khmel, Trang Vo Thi Dieu, Ngo Thi Duy Ngoc, Elena V. Girich, Alexander S. Menshov, Natalya Y. Kim, Ekaterina A. Chingizova, Tran Thi Thanh Van, Jong Seok Lee, Hyi-Seung Lee and Ekaterina A. Yurchenko
Molecules 2022, 27(21), 7650; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/molecules27217650 - 07 Nov 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1540
Abstract
The new polyketides lopouzanones A and B, as well as the new 1-O-acetyl and 2-O-acetyl derivatives of dendrodochol B, were isolated from the sponge-derived marine fungus Lopadostoma pouzarii strain 168CLC-57.3. Moreover, six known polyketides, gliorosein, balticolid, dendrodolide G, dihydroisocoumarine, [...] Read more.
The new polyketides lopouzanones A and B, as well as the new 1-O-acetyl and 2-O-acetyl derivatives of dendrodochol B, were isolated from the sponge-derived marine fungus Lopadostoma pouzarii strain 168CLC-57.3. Moreover, six known polyketides, gliorosein, balticolid, dendrodolide G, dihydroisocoumarine, (–)-5-methylmellein, and dendrodochol B, were identified. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined by a combination of NMR and ESIMS techniques. The absolute configurations of the lopouzanones A and B were determined using the Mosher’s method. The cytotoxicity of the isolated compounds against human prostate cancer cells PC-3 and normal rat cardiomyocytes H9c2 was investigated. Gliorosein showed weak DPPH radical-scavenging activity and in vitro cardioprotective effects toward rotenone toxicity and CoCl2-mimic hypoxia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Cytoprotective Drug Discovery II)
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15 pages, 2757 KiB  
Article
Resveratrol Ameliorates High Altitude Hypoxia-Induced Osteoporosis by Suppressing the ROS/HIF Signaling Pathway
by Changqing Yan, Zirou Wang, Weili Liu, Lingling Pu, Ran Li, Chongyi Ai, Hongbao Xu, Baoyi Zhang, Tianhui Wang, Xiangyu Zhang, Zhaoli Chen and Xinxing Wang
Molecules 2022, 27(17), 5538; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/molecules27175538 - 28 Aug 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2293
Abstract
Hypoxia at high-altitude leads to osteoporosis. Resveratrol (RES), as an antioxidant, has been reported to promote osteoblastogenesis and suppress osteoclastogenesis. However, the therapeutic effect of RES against osteoporosis induced by high-altitude hypoxia remains unclear. Thus, this study was intended to investigate the potential [...] Read more.
Hypoxia at high-altitude leads to osteoporosis. Resveratrol (RES), as an antioxidant, has been reported to promote osteoblastogenesis and suppress osteoclastogenesis. However, the therapeutic effect of RES against osteoporosis induced by high-altitude hypoxia remains unclear. Thus, this study was intended to investigate the potential effects of RES on high-altitude hypoxia-induced osteoporosis both in vivo and in vitro. Male Wistar rats were given RES (400 mg/kg) once daily for nine weeks under hypoxia, while the control was allowed to grow under normoxia. Bone mineral density (BMD), the levels of bone metabolism-related markers, and the changes on a histological level were measured. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and RAW264.7 were incubated with RES under hypoxia, with a control growing under normoxia, followed by the evaluation of proliferation and differentiation. The results showed that RES inhibited high-altitude hypoxia-induced reduction in BMD, enhanced alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OCN), calcitonin (CT) and runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) levels, whereas it reduced cross-linked carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-I) levels and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in vivo. In addition, RES attenuated histological deteriorations in the femurs. In vitro, RES promoted osteoblastogenesis and mineralization in hypoxia-exposed BMSCs, along with promotion in RUNX2, ALP, OCN and osteopontin (OPN) levels, and inhibited the proliferation and osteoclastogenesis of RAW264.7. The promotion effects of RES on osteoblastogenesis were accompanied by the down-regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) induced by hypoxia. These results demonstrate that RES can alleviate high-altitude hypoxia-induced osteoporosis via promoting osteoblastogenesis by suppressing the ROS/HIF-1α signaling pathway. Thus, we suggest that RES might be a potential treatment with minimal side effects to protect against high-altitude hypoxia-induced osteoporosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Cytoprotective Drug Discovery II)
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