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Molecules
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New Trends in Functionalized Cyclodextrins
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New Trends in Functionalized Cyclodextrins

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Bioorganic Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 4465

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Graziella Vecchio

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Università degli Studi di Catania, Catania, Italy
Interests: cyclodextrin derivatives; cyclodextrin-based nanoparticles; glycoconjugates; coordination compounds; bioinorganic chemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cyclodextrins are known in particular for their ability to form inclusion complexes with various molecules, and this feature forms the basis of their application in the chromatography, catalysis, pharmacy, cosmetics, agro-food, and textile industries.

The chemical modification of cyclodextrins has increased interest in these molecules and provides an attractive approach for building multifunctional systems. Many functionalized cyclodextrins have been synthesized with the aim of tuning the features of the cavity and to add new unique properties to the saccharide unit. A variety of moieties, such as drugs, peptides, metal chelators, macrocycles, and others, have been linked to cyclodextrins with applications in supramolecular, pharmaceutical, and material chemistry, biomimicry, and separation sciences.

More recently, interest in these molecules has extended to the synthesis of cyclodextrin-based nanosystems. Thus, a variety of organic and hybrid nanoparticles have been studied, and among them, some prodrug nanoparticles have been approved for phase III clinical trials as nanotherapeutics for treating cancer.

This Special Issue welcomes submissions of research communications, papers, and reviews with the aim of describing the multiple aspects and applications of functionalized cyclodextrins and cyclodextrin-based nanosystems.

Prof. Dr. Graziella Vecchio
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Cyclodextrins 
  • Biomimetics 
  • Drug carriers 
  • Nanoparticles 
  • Prodrugs 
  • Synthesis of cyclodextrin derivatives 
  • Nanotherapeutics

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 2536 KiB  
Article
Hydrolysis and Enantiodiscrimination of (R)- and (S)-Oxazepam Hemisuccinate by Methylated β-Cyclodextrins: An NMR Investigation
by Andrea Cesari, Federica Balzano, Gloria Uccello Barretta and Alessandra Recchimurzo
Molecules 2021, 26(21), 6347; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/molecules26216347 - 20 Oct 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1649
Abstract
Partially and exhaustively methylated β-cyclodextrins [(2-methyl)-β-CD (MCD), heptakis-(2,6-di-O-methyl)-β-CD (DIMEB), and heptakis-(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-β-CD (TRIMEB)] have been compared in the hydrolysis and enantiodiscrimination of benzodiazepine derivative (R)- or (S)-oxazepam hemisuccinate (OXEMIS), using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy as [...] Read more.
Partially and exhaustively methylated β-cyclodextrins [(2-methyl)-β-CD (MCD), heptakis-(2,6-di-O-methyl)-β-CD (DIMEB), and heptakis-(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-β-CD (TRIMEB)] have been compared in the hydrolysis and enantiodiscrimination of benzodiazepine derivative (R)- or (S)-oxazepam hemisuccinate (OXEMIS), using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy as an investigation tool. After 6 h, MCD induced an 11% hydrolysis of OXEMIS, remarkably lower in comparison with underivatized β-CD (48%), whereas no hydrolysis was detected in the presence of DIMEB or TRIMEB after 24 h. DIMEB showed greater ability to differentiate OXEMIS enantiomers in comparison to TRIMEB, by contrast MCD did not produce any splitting of racemic OXEMIS resonances. Both enantiomers of OXEMIS underwent deep inclusion of their phenyl pendant into cyclodextrins cavities from their wider rims, but tighter complexes were formed by DIMEB with respect to TRIMEB. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Functionalized Cyclodextrins)
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Review

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21 pages, 2195 KiB  
Review
Toward a Greener World—Cyclodextrin Derivatization by Mechanochemistry
by László Jicsinszky and Giancarlo Cravotto
Molecules 2021, 26(17), 5193; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/molecules26175193 - 27 Aug 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2249
Abstract
Cyclodextrin (CD) derivatives are a challenge, mainly due to solubility problems. In many cases, the synthesis of CD derivatives requires high-boiling solvents, whereas the product isolation from the aqueous methods often requires energy-intensive processes. Complex formation faces similar challenges in that it involves [...] Read more.
Cyclodextrin (CD) derivatives are a challenge, mainly due to solubility problems. In many cases, the synthesis of CD derivatives requires high-boiling solvents, whereas the product isolation from the aqueous methods often requires energy-intensive processes. Complex formation faces similar challenges in that it involves interacting materials with conflicting properties. However, many authors also refer to the formation of non-covalent bonds, such as the formation of inclusion complexes or metal–organic networks, as reactions or synthesis, which makes it difficult to classify the technical papers. In many cases, the solubility of both the starting material and the product in the same solvent differs significantly. The sweetest point of mechanochemistry is the reduced demand or complete elimination of solvents from the synthesis. The lack of solvents can make syntheses more economical and greener. The limited molecular movements in solid-state allow the preparation of CD derivatives, which are difficult to produce under solvent reaction conditions. A mechanochemical reaction generally has a higher reagent utilization rate. When the reaction yields a good guest co-product, solvent-free conditions can be slower than in solution conditions. Regioselective syntheses of per-6-amino and alkylthio-CD derivatives or insoluble cyclodextrin polymers and nanosponges are good examples of what a greener technology can offer through solvent-free reaction conditions. In the case of thiolated CD derivatives, the absence of solvents results in significant suppression of the thiol group oxidation, too. The insoluble polymer synthesis is also more efficient when using the same molar ratio of the reagents as the solution reaction. Solid reactants not only reduce the chance of hydrolysis of multifunctional reactants or side reactions, but the spatial proximity of macrocycles also reduces the length of the spacing formed by the crosslinker. The structure of insoluble polymers of the mechanochemical reactions generally is more compact, with fewer and shorter hydrophilic arms than the products of the solution reactions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Functionalized Cyclodextrins)
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