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Antioxidants in Multiphase Systems

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 March 2022) | Viewed by 4544

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
Interests: antioxidant activity; polyphenols; antioxidants; phenolic compounds; phenolic
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Lipid oxidation is the main cause of chemical degradation of foods, cosmetic and pharmaceutical  formulations, which decreases their commercial value and deteriorates their sensory, nutritional and physical properties. For these reasons, lipid oxidation and antioxidants continues to be an important, high relevance research topic for both academia and industry. Results on antioxidants were initially extrapolated uncritically from bulk oil to multiphase systems but after their use in these more complex systems, it was quickly percieved that the antioxidant efficiency of molecules depends on numerous factors, which at the moment are not yet well understood. The compartmentalization effect in multiphase systems has a crucial role in controlling antioxidant efficiency and a careful choice of the parameters controlling the antioxidant partitioning is key to controling the antioxidant availability at the oxidation reaction site.

Based on your contribution to the antioxidants community, we would like to invite you to submit an article for consideration in the upcoming Special Issue of Molecules on “Antioxidants in Multiphase Systems”. This issue aims to advance our current knowledge and will help the development of more efficient antioxidant strategies for food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical product preservation, and for the oxidative protection of nutritionally important bioactive compounds such as phytochemicals, lipids and proteins. This Special Issue aims to be an open forum where researchers may share their results and findings in this field and, thanks to the open access platform, increase their visibility and possability of interactition with industries and with the production systems. Contributions to this issue, both in the form of original research or review articles, may cover all aspects of antioxidants in multiphase systems.

Dr. Fátima Paiva-Martins
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Antioxidants
  • Emulsions
  • Liposomes
  • Pickering emulsions
  • Encapsulation
  • Interface
  • Nanoparticules
  • Lipid oxidation
  • Emulsifiers
  • Antioxidant carriers
  • Phospholipids
  • Biomembranes
  • Structure–activity relationship
  • Design and synthesis

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 3343 KiB  
Article
Unexpected Antioxidant Efficiency of Chlorogenic Acid Phenolipids in Fish Oil-in-Water Nanoemulsions: An Example of How Relatively Low Interfacial Concentrations Can Make Antioxidants to Be Inefficient
by Marlene Costa, Sonia Losada-Barreiro, António Vicente, Carlos Bravo-Díaz and Fátima Paiva-Martins
Molecules 2022, 27(3), 861; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/molecules27030861 - 27 Jan 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2143
Abstract
Selecting effective antioxidants is challenging since their efficiency in inhibiting lipid oxidation depends on the rate constants of the chemical reactions involved and their concentration at the reaction site, i.e., at the interfacial region. Accumulation of antioxidants at the interface of emulsions is [...] Read more.
Selecting effective antioxidants is challenging since their efficiency in inhibiting lipid oxidation depends on the rate constants of the chemical reactions involved and their concentration at the reaction site, i.e., at the interfacial region. Accumulation of antioxidants at the interface of emulsions is key to modulate their efficiency in inhibiting lipid oxidation but its control was not well understood, especially in emulsions. It can be optimized by modifying the physicochemical properties of antioxidants or the environmental conditions. In this work, we analyze the effects of surfactant concentration, droplet size, and oil to water ratio on the effective interfacial concentration of a set of chlorogenic acid (CGA) esters in fish oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions and nanoemulsions and on their antioxidant efficiency. A well-established pseudophase kinetic model is used to determine in the intact emulsified systems the effective concentrations of the antioxidants (AOs). The relative oxidative stability of the emulsions is assessed by monitoring the formation of primary oxidation products with time. Results show that the concentration of all AOs at the interfacial region is much higher (20–90 fold) than the stoichiometric one but is much lower than those of other phenolipid series such as caffeic or hydroxytyrosol derivatives. The main parameter controlling the interfacial concentration of antioxidants is the surfactant volume fraction, ΦI, followed by the O/W ratio. Changes in the droplet sizes (emulsions and nanoemulsions) have no influence on the interfacial concentrations. Despite the high radical scavenging capacity of CGA derivatives and their being concentrated at the interfacial region, the investigated AOs do not show a significant effect in inhibiting lipid oxidation in contrast with what is observed using other series of homologous antioxidants with similar reactivity. Results are tentatively interpreted in terms of the relatively low interfacial concentrations of the antioxidants, which may not be high enough to make the rate of the inhibition reaction faster than the rate of radical propagation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antioxidants in Multiphase Systems)
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14 pages, 1026 KiB  
Article
Preservative Effect of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of the Macroalga Bifurcaria bifurcata on the Quality of Chilled Hake (Merluccius merluccius)
by José M. Miranda, Bin Zhang, Jorge Barros-Velázquez and Santiago P. Aubourg
Molecules 2021, 26(12), 3774; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/molecules26123774 - 21 Jun 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1723
Abstract
This work addressed the preservative behaviour of different icing media containing extracts from the alga Bifurcaria bifurcata. A comparative study of the antimicrobial and antioxidant effects of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of this macroalga was carried out. Whole hake (Merluccius merluccius [...] Read more.
This work addressed the preservative behaviour of different icing media containing extracts from the alga Bifurcaria bifurcata. A comparative study of the antimicrobial and antioxidant effects of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of this macroalga was carried out. Whole hake (Merluccius merluccius) pieces were stored in ice containing either kind of extract and analysed for quality changes throughout a 13-day storage period. A progressive loss of microbial and biochemical quality was detected in all batches as chilling time increased. A significant inhibitory effect (p < 0.05) on microbial activity could be observed as a result of including the aqueous (lowering of psychrotrophic and lipolytic counts and pH value) and ethanolic (lowering of psychrotrophic and lipolytic counts) extracts. Additionally, both kinds of extract led to a substantial inhibition (p < 0.05) in the lipid hydrolysis rate (formation of free fatty acids), greater in the case of the batch containing ethanolic extract. Concerning lipid oxidation, a similar inhibitory effect (p < 0.05) on the formation of secondary compounds (thiobarbituric acid substances) was noticed in fish specimens corresponding to both alga extracts; however, more (p < 0.05) peroxide formation was detected in fish corresponding to the ethanolic extract batch. A preservative effect can be concluded for both kinds of extract; this effect agrees with previous studies reporting the presence of hydrophilic and lipophilic bioactive compounds in B. bifurcata. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antioxidants in Multiphase Systems)
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