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Ligands for Chelation Therapy and Chelation Technology for Environmental Remediation

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A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Organometallic Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2019) | Viewed by 21958

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Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Valeria M. Nurchi

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Guest Editor

Department of Environmental and Life Science, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
Interests: analytical chemistry; solution equilibria; bioinorganic chemistry; chelating agents; toxic metal ions; environmental chemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Metal toxicity represents a worldwide major health problem, both in developed and in emerging countries, that concerns environmental, occupational, iatrogenic, and genetic factors. The research efforts invested in the development of treatments for acute and chronic poisonings due to metal overexposure have resulted in effective clinical achievements and in the advancement of scientific knowledge. Nonetheless, these achievements are still inadequate to counteract metal-induced diseases, and a joint effort of chemical, biochemical, pathological, and clinical researchers is still necessary to solve the related clinical problems. In particular, chemical studies will be of great help in the design of chelating agents targeting specific toxic metal ions. Further, applications of chelating agents as imaging agents and as ionophores for supplying the necessary elements to the organism are also of the highest significance.

Besides the clinical uses, chelation technology is currently being developed for metal extraction from contaminated sites and industrial wastes. Comprehensive reviews on the state of the art of all aspects of chelation technology are highly demanded.

For this reason, I am extremely glad for the opportunity to publish a Special Issue in Molecules entirely devoted to papers on chelating agents intended both for chelation therapy and biomedical application and for chelation technology for environmental remediation.

Dr. Valeria Marina Nurchi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Use of chelating agents:

A) In biomedical applications, in the treatment of

Metal intoxication
Genetic metal overload diseases
Neurodegenerative diseases

B) As imaging agents
C) As ionophores for supplying necessary physiological elements
D) In environmental applications, in the treatment of

Industrial wastes
Metal contaminated sites

E) In agricultural applications

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 2067 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Oxovanadium(IV) Coordination Compounds with Kojic Acid Derivatives in Aqueous Solution

by Silvia Berto, Eugenio Alladio, Pier Giuseppe Daniele, Enzo Laurenti, Andrea Bono, Carmelo Sgarlata, Gabriele Valora, Rosita Cappai, Joanna Izabela Lachowicz and Valeria Marina Nurchi

Molecules 2019, 24(20), 3768; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/molecules24203768 - 19 Oct 2019

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3202

Abstract

Hydroxypyrone derivatives have a good bioavailability in rats and mice and have been used in drug development. Moreover, they show chelating properties towards vanadyl cation that could be used in insulin-mimetic compound development. In this work, the formation of coordination compounds of oxovanadium(IV) with four kojic acid (5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-pyrone) derivatives was studied. The synthetized studied ligands (S2, S3, S4, and SC) have two or three kojic acid units linked through diamines or tris(2-aminoethyl)amine chains, respectively. The chemical systems were studied by potentiometry (25 °C, ionic strength 0.1 mol L⁻¹ with KCl), and UV-visible and EPR spectroscopy. The experimental data were analyzed by a thermodynamic and a chemometric (Multivariate Curve Resolution–Alternating Least Squares) approach. Chemical coordination models were proposed, together with the species formation constants and the pure estimated UV-vis and EPR spectra. In all systems, the coordination of the oxovanadium(IV) starts already under acidic conditions (the cation is totally bound at pH higher than 3–4) and the metal species remain stable even at pH 8. Ligands S3, S4, and SC form three coordination species. Two of them are probably due to the successive insertion of the kojate units in the coordination shell, whereas the third is most likely a hydrolytic species. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ligands for Chelation Therapy and Chelation Technology for Environmental Remediation)

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Review

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32 pages, 21012 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperReview

Recent Advances on Iron(III) Selective Fluorescent Probes with Possible Applications in Bioimaging

by Suban K. Sahoo and Guido Crisponi

Molecules 2019, 24(18), 3267; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/molecules24183267 - 07 Sep 2019

Cited by 79 | Viewed by 9032

Abstract

Iron(III) is well-known to play a vital role in a variety of metabolic processes in almost all living systems, including the human body. However, the excess or deficiency of Fe³⁺ from the normal permissible limit can cause serious health problems. Therefore, novel analytical methods are developed for the simple, direct, and cost-effective monitoring of Fe³⁺ concentration in various environmental and biological samples. Because of the high selectivity and sensitivity, fast response time, and simplicity, the fluorescent-based molecular probes have been developed extensively in the past few decades to detect Fe³⁺. This review was narrated to summarize the Fe³⁺-selective fluorescent probes that show fluorescence enhancement (turn-on) and ratiometric response. The Fe³⁺ sensing ability, mechanisms along with the analytical novelties of recently reported 77 fluorescent probes are discussed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ligands for Chelation Therapy and Chelation Technology for Environmental Remediation)

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32 pages, 5392 KiB

Open AccessReview

A Review on Coordination Properties of Thiol-Containing Chelating Agents Towards Mercury, Cadmium, and Lead

by Geir Bjørklund, Guido Crisponi, Valeria Marina Nurchi, Rosita Cappai, Aleksandra Buha Djordjevic and Jan Aaseth

Molecules 2019, 24(18), 3247; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/molecules24183247 - 06 Sep 2019

Cited by 85 | Viewed by 8991

Abstract

The present article reviews the clinical use of thiol-based metal chelators in intoxications and overexposure with mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb). Currently, very few commercially available pharmaceuticals can successfully reduce or prevent the toxicity of these metals. The metal chelator meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) is considerably less toxic than the classical agent British anti-Lewisite (BAL, 2,3-dimercaptopropanol) and is the recommended agent in poisonings with Pb and organic Hg. Its toxicity is also lower than that of DMPS (dimercaptopropane sulfonate), although DMPS is the recommended agent in acute poisonings with Hg salts. It is suggested that intracellular Cd deposits and cerebral deposits of inorganic Hg, to some extent, can be mobilized by a combination of antidotes, but clinical experience with such combinations are lacking. Alpha-lipoic acid (α-LA) has been suggested for toxic metal detoxification but is not considered a drug of choice in clinical practice. The molecular mechanisms and chemical equilibria of complex formation of the chelators with the metal ions Hg²⁺, Cd²⁺, and Pb²⁺ are reviewed since insight into these reactions can provide a basis for further development of therapeutics. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ligands for Chelation Therapy and Chelation Technology for Environmental Remediation)

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