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Triterpenoids and Derivatives with Anticancer Activity

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Medicinal Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 July 2021) | Viewed by 8097

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
Interests: semisynthetic steroids; diterpenoid and triterpenoid derivatives with improved antitumor activity and investigation of their mechanisms of anticancer action; cancer research; novel PARP-1 inhibitors; enzyme inhibitors able to tackle hormone-dependent cancers, such as 5alpha-reductase and CYP17 inhibitors; new drugs acting on the ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS); inhibitors of BACE1 and glutaminyl cyclase for Alzheimer’s disease treatment; green pharmaceutical processes
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Natural products and their derivatives are a rich source of successful drug leads. A historical assessment of all FDA-approved new molecular entities (NMEs) reveals that natural products and their analogues represent over one-third of all NMEs. Triterpenes, also called triterpenoids when functionalized, are structurally diverse natural products that originate from squalene or oxidosqualene through a series of intramolecular condensation reactions. In recent years, there has been enormous interest in terpenoid natural products and their semisynthetic derivatives due to their remarkable structural diversity and wide range of pharmacological activities.

In nature, triterpenoids are often found as tetra- or pentacyclic structures, but acyclic, mono-, bi-, tri- and hexacyclic triterpenes also exist. Tetracyclic triterpenoids, including the dammarane, cucurbitane, cycloartane, lanostane, and protostane groups, comprise triterpenoids that are widely distributed in various medicinal plants, some of them with potent anticancer activity. Pentacyclic triterpenoids can be divided into several representative classes, namely, ursanes, oleananes, and lupanes, which all include interesting bioactive compounds with immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. This Special Issue aims to provide the opportunity to share new findings and recent advances on triterpenoids and their derivatives toward the development of new anticancer drugs.

Prof. Dr. Jorge A. R. Salvador
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Natural triterpenoids
  • Tetracyclic triterpenoids and derivatives
  • Pentacyclic triterpenoids and derivatives
  • Others semisynthethic triterpenoids and derivatives
  • Anticancer activity

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 1539 KiB  
Article
The Presence of a Cyclohexyldiamine Moiety Confers Cytotoxicity to Pentacyclic Triterpenoids
by Sophie Hoenke, Martin A. Christoph, Sander Friedrich, Niels Heise, Benjamin Brandes, Hans-Peter Deigner, Ahmed Al-Harrasi and René Csuk
Molecules 2021, 26(7), 2102; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/molecules26072102 - 06 Apr 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2311
Abstract
Pentacyclic triterpenoids oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, betulinic acid, and platanic acid were acetylated and converted into several amides 931; the cytotoxicity of which has been determined in sulforhodamine B assays employing seral human tumor cell lines and nonmalignant fibroblasts. Thereby, [...] Read more.
Pentacyclic triterpenoids oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, betulinic acid, and platanic acid were acetylated and converted into several amides 931; the cytotoxicity of which has been determined in sulforhodamine B assays employing seral human tumor cell lines and nonmalignant fibroblasts. Thereby, a betulinic acid/trans-1,4-cyclohexyldiamine amide showed excellent cytotoxicity (for example, EC50 = 0.6 μM for HT29 colon adenocarcinoma cells). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Triterpenoids and Derivatives with Anticancer Activity)
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Review

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13 pages, 23881 KiB  
Review
Anti-Cancer Potential of Synthetic Oleanolic Acid Derivatives and Their Conjugates with NSAIDs
by Wanda Baer-Dubowska, Maria Narożna and Violetta Krajka-Kuźniak
Molecules 2021, 26(16), 4957; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/molecules26164957 - 16 Aug 2021
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 4901
Abstract
Naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenoid oleanolic acid (OA) serves as a good scaffold for additional modifications to achieve synthetic derivatives. Therefore, a large number of triterpenoids have been synthetically modified in order to increase their bioactivity and their protective or therapeutic effects. Moreover, attempts [...] Read more.
Naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenoid oleanolic acid (OA) serves as a good scaffold for additional modifications to achieve synthetic derivatives. Therefore, a large number of triterpenoids have been synthetically modified in order to increase their bioactivity and their protective or therapeutic effects. Moreover, attempts were performed to conjugate synthetic triterpenoids with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or other functional groups. Among hundreds of synthesized triterpenoids, still the most promising is 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oic acid (CDDO), which reached clinical trials level of investigations. The new group of synthetic triterpenoids are OA oximes. The most active among them is 3-hydroxyiminoolean-12-en-28-oic acid morpholide, which additionally improves the anti-cancer activity of standard NSAIDs. While targeting the Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling pathways is the main mechanism of synthetic OA derivatives′ anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activity, most of these compounds exhibit multifunctional activity, and affect cross-talk within the cellular signaling network. This short review updates the earlier data and describes the new OA derivatives and their conjugates in the context of modification of signaling pathways involved in inflammation and cell survival and subsequently in cancer development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Triterpenoids and Derivatives with Anticancer Activity)
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