Microbial Polysaccharides: Applications and Potentialities

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomacromolecules, Biobased and Biodegradable Polymers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 October 2019) | Viewed by 3099

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Polysaccharides are the most abundant macromolecules in the biosphere. They are the main structural elements of plants (e.g., cellulose) and animals (e.g., chitin) and have an important role in plant energy storage (e.g., starch).

A high variety of polysaccharides and their derivatives have been used in food, cosmetic, medical and pharmaceutical applications. However, several polysaccharides with new or improved properties (pullulan, levan, curdlan, hyaluronan, gellan gum, xanthan gum, bacterial cellulose or bacterial alginates) can be produced by microorganisms (yeast, fungus or bacteria).

Due to their new or improved properties, microbial polysaccharides can replace plant, algae, and animal products, either in traditional or new applications. The main constraint to their wider use is their production costs that are still higher than those of other natural and synthetic polymers.

This issue aims to give an overview on the applications and potential uses of microbial polysaccharides in food, medical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications.

Prof. Isabel Coelhoso
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • microbial polysaccharides
  • pullulan
  • hyaluronan
  • xanthan gum
  • bacterial cellulose
  • bacterial alginate
  • food applications
  • medical and pharmaceutical applications
  • cosmetic applications

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 3043 KiB  
Article
Initial Analysis on the Characteristics and Synthesis of Exopolysaccharides from Sclerotium rolfsii with Different Sugars as Carbon Sources
by Jia Song, Yu-Xiang Jia, Yan Su, Xiao-Yu Zhang, Lin-Na Tu, Zhi-Qiang Nie, Yu Zheng and Min Wang
Polymers 2020, 12(2), 348; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/polym12020348 - 05 Feb 2020
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2660
Abstract
Scleroglucan is widely used in the food and chemical industries because of its good rheological property, stability, and emulsification activity. To investigate the influence of different carbon sources on the properties and synthesis of exopolysaccharides (EPS), the three EPSs (GEPS, glucose was used [...] Read more.
Scleroglucan is widely used in the food and chemical industries because of its good rheological property, stability, and emulsification activity. To investigate the influence of different carbon sources on the properties and synthesis of exopolysaccharides (EPS), the three EPSs (GEPS, glucose was used as the carbon source; LEPS, lactose was used as the carbon source; and SEPS, sucrose was used as the carbon source) were determined, respectively. It was found that the yield and viscosity of exopolysaccharides were different. When sucrose and glucose were used as the carbon sources, the viscosity and yield of EPS were both higher than lactose. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that the three EPSs had different morphologies, but the monosaccharide analysis showed that they were all composed of glucose units. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) proved that there were no additional substituents for the three EPSs. Furthermore, the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) results showed that SEPS and LEPS had two fractions. Through the analysis of proteomics data, there were few differences in the metabolic pathways between GEPS and SEPS, but a significant difference between LEPS and SEPS. Our study provides a theoretical basis and reference for understanding the biosynthesis of exopolysaccharides and the development of different types of EPS products. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbial Polysaccharides: Applications and Potentialities)
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