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Symmetry
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Equation of State of Nuclear Matter with Correlations and Cluster...
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Equation of State of Nuclear Matter with Correlations and Cluster Formation

A special issue of Symmetry (ISSN 2073-8994). This special issue belongs to the section "Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 January 2022) | Viewed by 5686

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Stefan Typel

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Guest Editor
Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
Interests: nuclear matter; equation of state; indirect methods in nuclear astrophysicss;alternative gauge theories
Dr. Helena Sofia Pais

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
CFisUC, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
Interests: neutron stars; equation of state; relativistic mean field models; pasta phases; strong magnetic fields
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Francesca Gulminelli

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Normandie University, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen, F-14000 Caen, France
Interests: theoretical nuclear physics; nuclear astrophysics; nuclear matter; statistical mechanics of phase transitions; statistical models; analysis and interpretation of multi-fragmentation data

Special Issue Information

Dear Collegues,

The occurrence of correlations and the formation of clusters are crucial to understanding the properties of atomic nuclei and nuclear matter. They result from specific features of a strong interaction and pose a substantial challenge to nuclear physics. Correlations and clustering effects determine to a large extent the equation of state of strongly interacting matter, which is essential in astrophysical simulations of core-collapse supernovae, neutron stars, and their mergers. A completely different field of research is heavy-ion collisions, where an abundance of nuclear clusters can be observed. They constitute an important means by which to study clustering in the laboratory using dynamical processes under a multitude of conditions. These studies allow us to benchmark theoretical models of dense matter that feed back into the description of matter under conditions that cannot be realized in terrestrial experiments but are important in applications. Hence, it is not surprising that many theoretical and experimental efforts have been made to investigate these phenomena in recent years.

The last decade saw a strong surge of activities in both the theoretical and experimental investigation of correlations and cluster formation. We are witnessing substantial progress in the theoretical modeling of clusters in static and dynamical nuclear systems. This is accompanied by much more refined experimental measurements that provide us with access to the details of clusters’ properties in the medium and their isotopic distribution. Nevertheless, many challenges remain to be overcome in the future to develop a unified understanding of clustering.

This Special Issue is devoted to the current status of research in the field of correlations and cluster formation in nuclear matter. It will allow for an exchange of ideas and stimulate the development of new approaches. The content will cover a variety of topics that are closely related to this endeavour.

Dr. Stefan Typel
Dr. Helena Sofia Pais
Prof. Dr. Francesca Gulminelli
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Symmetry is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • theoretical description of a cluster’s properties in dense matter at zero and finite temperature
  • the chemical composition and equation of state of nuclear matter
  • methods for describing the formation and dissolution of clusters in nuclear matter
  • equations of state with clusters for astrophysical applications
  • effects of correlations and clustering on nuclear symmetry energy
  • response of nuclear matter with correlations and clustering to neutrinos
  • transport properties of nuclear matter with clusters
  • measurement of cluster yields in heavy-ion collisions
  • experimental methods for and challenges to studying clustering
  • theoretical treatment of clusters in dynamical simulations of heavy-ion collisions

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 1152 KiB  
Article
Spin Quantization in Heavy Ion Collision
by Hua Zheng and Aldo Bonasera
Symmetry 2021, 13(10), 1777; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/sym13101777 - 24 Sep 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1198
Abstract
We analyzed recent experimental data on the disassembly of 28Si into 7α in terms of a hybrid α-cluster model. We calculated the probability of breaking into several α-like fragments for high l-spin values for identical and non-identical spin [...] Read more.
We analyzed recent experimental data on the disassembly of 28Si into 7α in terms of a hybrid α-cluster model. We calculated the probability of breaking into several α-like fragments for high l-spin values for identical and non-identical spin zero nuclei. Resonant energies were found for each l-value and compared to the data and other theoretical models. Toroidal-like structures were revealed in coordinate and momentum space when averaging over many events at high l. The transition from quantum to classical mechanics is highlighted. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Equation of State of Nuclear Matter with Correlations and Cluster Formation)
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9 pages, 3007 KiB  
Article
Temperature and Density Conditions for Alpha Clustering in Excited Self-Conjugate Nuclei
by Bernard Borderie, Adriana Raduta, Enrico De Filippo, Elena Geraci, Nicolas Le Neindre, Giuseppe Cardella, Gaetano Lanzalone, Ivano Lombardo, Olivier Lopez, Concettina Maiolino, Angelo Pagano, Massimo Papa, Sara Pirrone, Francesca Rizzo and Paolo Russotto
Symmetry 2021, 13(9), 1562; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/sym13091562 - 25 Aug 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1192
Abstract
Starting from experimental studies on alpha-clustering in excited self-conjugate nuclei (from 16O to 28Si), temperature and density conditions for such a clustering are determined. Measured temperatures have been found in the range of 5.5–6.0 MeV, whereas density values of 0.3–0.4 times [...] Read more.
Starting from experimental studies on alpha-clustering in excited self-conjugate nuclei (from 16O to 28Si), temperature and density conditions for such a clustering are determined. Measured temperatures have been found in the range of 5.5–6.0 MeV, whereas density values of 0.3–0.4 times the saturation density are deduced, i.e., 0.046 to 0.062 fm−3. Such a density domain is also predicted by constrained self-consistent mean field calculations. These results constitute a benchmark for alpha clustering from self-conjugate nuclei in relation to descriptions of stellar evolution and supernovae. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Equation of State of Nuclear Matter with Correlations and Cluster Formation)
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9 pages, 279 KiB  
Article
Light Cluster Production in Central Symmetric Heavy-Ion Reactions from Fermi to Gev Energies
by Rémi Bougault, Bernard Borderie, Abdelouahad Chbihi, Quentin Fable, John David Frankland, Emmanuelle Galichet, Tom Genard, Diégo Gruyer, Maxime Henri, Marco La Commara, Nicolas Le Neindre, Ivano Lombardo, Olivier Lopez, Marian Pârlog, Piotr Pawłowski, Giuseppe Verde, Emmanuel Vient and Mariano Vigilante
Symmetry 2021, 13(8), 1406; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/sym13081406 - 02 Aug 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1337
Abstract
Correlations and clustering are of great importance in the study of the Nuclear Equation of State. Information on these items/aspects can be obtained using heavy-ion reactions which are described by dynamical theories. We propose a dataset that will be useful for improving the [...] Read more.
Correlations and clustering are of great importance in the study of the Nuclear Equation of State. Information on these items/aspects can be obtained using heavy-ion reactions which are described by dynamical theories. We propose a dataset that will be useful for improving the description of light cluster production in transport model approaches. The dataset combines published and new data and is presented in a form that allows direct comparison of the experiment with theoretical predictions. The dataset is ranging in bombarding energy from 32 to 1930 A MeV. In constructing this dataset, we put in evidence the existence of a change in the light cluster production mechanism that corresponds to a peak in deuteron production. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Equation of State of Nuclear Matter with Correlations and Cluster Formation)
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Review

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18 pages, 772 KiB  
Review
Description of (Hyper-)Fragments in Hadron-Induced Reactions
by Theodoros Gaitanos
Symmetry 2021, 13(10), 1887; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/sym13101887 - 07 Oct 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1165
Abstract
In this article we review the important role of non-equilibrium dynamics in reactions induced by ions and hadron beams to understand the fragmentation processes inside hadronic media. We discuss the single-particle dynamics in specific sources such as spectators in heavy-ion collisions and residual [...] Read more.
In this article we review the important role of non-equilibrium dynamics in reactions induced by ions and hadron beams to understand the fragmentation processes inside hadronic media. We discuss the single-particle dynamics in specific sources such as spectators in heavy-ion collisions and residual nuclear targets in hadron-induced reactions. Particular attention is given to the dynamics of hyperons. We further discuss the question regarding the onset of local instabilities, which are relevant for the appearance of fragmentation phenomena in nuclear reactions. We apply the theoretical formalism, that is, semi-classical transport embedded with statistical methods of nuclear fragmentation, to reactions induced by light ions and hadron beams. We discuss the results of nuclear fragmentation and, in particular, examine the formation of hypernuclei. Such studies are important for obtaining a deeper understanding of the equation of state in fragmenting matter and are relevant for forthcoming experiments, such as PANDA at FAIR and J-PARC in Japan. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Equation of State of Nuclear Matter with Correlations and Cluster Formation)
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