Dear Colleagues,

The endocrine disruptors are a group of heterogeneous substances of both natural and synthetic origin, which are persistent and omnipresent in all environmental compartments. The World Health Organization defines endocrine-disrupting as “exogenous substances or mixtures that alter functions of the endocrine system and consequently cause adverse health effects in an intact organism, or its progeny, or sub-populations”. The identification of molecules that act as endocrine disruptors, and the study of the effects of endocrine disruptors is a fundamental step in understanding and preventing harmful effects, even in the long term across future progeny. The immune system and the nervous System are both “plastic” systems that are capable of adapting and responding to different stimuli, including the presence of molecules such as endocrine disruptors; moreover, they are able to influence numerous physiological functions as well as to trigger pathological mechanisms in different animal species. The purpose of this Special Issue is to gather information and knowledge on molecules capable of acting as endocrine disruptors, and in particular to gather more information on the effects of endocrine disruptions on the immune and nervous systems and, thus, on animal welfare. All animal species, from aquatic to human, are exposed to endocrine disruptors actions through environmental factors, industrial processes, as well as through the food chain.

Dr. Enrico Gugliandolo
Dr. Rosalia Crupi
Dr. Patrizia Licata
Guest Editors

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