Oxidative stress and high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are linked to various age-related diseases and chronic conditions, including damage to oral tissues. Dexamethasone (DEX), a widely used glucocorticoid in dentistry, can have side effects like increased ROS production and delayed wound healing. Resveratrol (RSV) is known for its antioxidant properties, but its limited bioavailability hinders its clinical use. This study investigated the potential of two RSV derivatives (
1d and
1h) to address these limitations. The antioxidant abilities of
1d and
1h (5 μM) against DEX-induced oxidative stress (200 μM) were evaluated in human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) and osteoblasts (hOBs). The effects of these compounds on cell viability, morphology, ROS levels, SOD activity, gene expression, and collagen production were evaluated. RSV derivatives, under DEX-induced oxidative stress condition, improved cell growth at 72 h (191.70 ± 10.92% for
1d+DEX and 184.80 ± 13.87% for
1h+DEX), morphology, and SOD activity (77.33 ± 3.35 OD for
1d+DEX; 76.87 ± 3.59 OD for
1h+DEX at 1 h), while reducing ROS levels (2417.33 ± 345.49 RFU for
1d+DEX and 1843.00 ± 98.53 RFU at 4 h), especially in hOBs. The co-treatment of RSV or derivatives with DEX restored the expression of genes that were downregulated by DEX, such as HO-1 (1.76 ± 0.05 for
1d+DEX and 1.79 ± 0.01 for
1h+DEX), CAT (0.97 ± 0.06 for
1d+DEX and 0.99 ± 0.03 for
1h+DEX), NRF2 (1.62 ± 0.04 for
1d+DEX and 1.91 ± 0.05 for
1h+DEX), SOD1 (1.63 ± 0.15 for
1d+DEX and 1.69 ± 0.04 for
1h+DEX). In addition,
1d and
1h preserved collagen production (111.79 ± 1.56 for
1d+DEX and 122.27 ± 1.56 for
1h+DEX). In conclusion, this study suggests that the RSV derivatives
1d and
1h hold promise as potential antioxidant agents to counteract DEX-induced oxidative stress. These findings contribute to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for managing oxidative stress-related oral conditions.
Full article