Molecular Mechanism of Quality Formation in Rice

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Crop Breeding and Genetics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2024) | Viewed by 938

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
Interests: understanding the molecular and genetic bases of rice quality; intracellular trafficking of storage proteins and starch-related proteins in rice endosperm

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Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Interests: plant molecular genetics; gene cloning and functional analysis; rice genetics and breeding

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Rice is one of the most consumed and in-demand cereal crops in the world, and a substantial yield increase helps to ease the issue of global food shortages. With the improvement of people’s living standards and rice trade worldwide, average per capita consumption is decreasing, while the demand for high-quality rice is increasing. Rice grain quality, including milling quality (MQ), appearance quality (AQ), eating and cooking quality (ECQ), nutritional quality (NQ) and safe quality, is critical for determining economic value in the marketplace and improving consumer satisfaction. Although key genes essential for rice quality formation, such as the Wx gene, have been functionally characterized in depth, progress in genetic improvement of rice quality is still slow. A major reason for this is the lack of understanding surrounding the complex molecular mechanism behind grain quality. A combination of classical map-based cloning, Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) and multi-omics methods should be used to identify more genes involved in rice grain quality, which would greatly help to expand our understanding of the molecular basis of rice grain quality formation. In addition, gene editing has also been shown to improve rice quality. In this Special Issue, we are focusing on understanding to a greater degree the molecular mechanism of quality formation in rice. All types of manuscripts are encouraged.

Topics for the call for paper include but not restricted to:

  • GWAS and quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis for rice grain quality using natural rice resources and genetic populations;
  • Identification of genes affecting rice grain quality, including storage substance synthesis and transport through forward and reverse genetics;
  • The application of gene editing in breeding high-quality rice;
  • New tools used to explore genes or understand the molecular mechanism of quality formation;
  • Super allele identification and utilization in grain quality breeding.

Prof. Dr. Yulong Ren
Dr. Hui Dong
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • rice quality
  • milling quality
  • appearance quality
  • eating and cooking quality
  • nutritional quality
  • safety quality
  • map-based cloning
  • multi-omics genes
  • regulatory network
  • molecular mechanism

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 3245 KiB  
Article
Effects of Salt Stress on Grain Quality and Starch Properties of High-Quality Rice Cultivars
by Ruilong Cui, Tianyang Zhou, Chenchen Shu, Kuanyu Zhu, Miao Ye, Weiyang Zhang, Hao Zhang, Lijun Liu, Zhiqin Wang, Junfei Gu and Jianchang Yang
Agronomy 2024, 14(3), 444; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/agronomy14030444 - 24 Feb 2024
Viewed by 674
Abstract
In recent days, there has been a noticeable surge in demand for high-quality rice. However, the influences of salinity on the quality and starch properties of high-quality rice remain unclear. Three high-quality rice cultivars (Nanjing 9108, Nanjing 5055, and Nanjing 46) were studied [...] Read more.
In recent days, there has been a noticeable surge in demand for high-quality rice. However, the influences of salinity on the quality and starch properties of high-quality rice remain unclear. Three high-quality rice cultivars (Nanjing 9108, Nanjing 5055, and Nanjing 46) were studied to investigate the responses of grain quality to salt stress. There were three treatments, including a control zero salt level (0 g·kg−1, CK), and two salt levels of 0.1 g·kg−1 (0.1% salt stress, T1) and 0.2 g·kg−1 (0.2% salt stress, T2). The study involved the assessment of the appearance, milling, cooking, and eating qualities of rice. We also conducted an analysis of pasting properties, an evaluation of starch thermal properties, and an examination of the fine structure of amylopectin. The findings suggest that as the level of salt stress increases, the yield of rice gradually declines, which is primarily due to a significant reduction in the total spikelet number and the ratio of filled grains. Compared with CK treatment, the appearance and milling quality of rice were significantly improved within the T1 treatment. In addition, the protein concentration and amylose concentration were significantly decreased, the gel consistency was significantly increased, and the cooking and eating qualities were improved. In terms of starch properties, the peak viscosity, breakdown value, infrared ratio (1022/995), and short-chain-length amylopectin ratio increased significantly, while the setback value, pasting temperature, gelatinization enthalpy, relative crystallinity, and infrared ratio (1045/1022) decreased significantly. When comparing T2 with CK, the appearance quality and cooking and eating quality had deteriorated, and the milling quality was improved. The changes in the structural and physicochemical properties of starch were opposite to those in the comparison between the T1 treatment and the CK group. Accordingly, we propose that moderate salt stress has the potential to enhance rice quality, even though there may be a slight decrease in yield. This indicates that it is feasible to cultivate high-quality rice in saline–alkali beach areas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanism of Quality Formation in Rice)
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