Transmission of Emerging Diseases in Food Animals

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal System and Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2023) | Viewed by 3333

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island Atlantic, Charlottetown, PE, Canada
Interests: aquatic epidemiology; farmed/wild fish interaction; disease simulation; eco-epidemiology; disease spread models

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The emergence and establishment of infectious diseases and their subsequent spread to naïve geographic areas are of serious concern for the sustainability of food animal production industries and ultimate food safety and security. These infectious diseases can result in heavy mortality and production losses; spillover to other species, including humans; restrictions on trade and movement of animals and animal products; and increased production cost. Some of these diseases spread through the host species and across international boundaries, impacting larger geographical areas and causing significant losses. Intensified production, climate change, deforestation, increase in international trade, and global movement of people, animals, and animal products further exacerbate the emergence and spread of food animal infectious diseases. More evidence is needed to comprehend food animal disease emergence better and spread and help to formulate informed mitigation and control programs in this context.

This Special Issue of Animals will bring together the latest research from different aspects of emerging infectious diseases, such as (including but not limited to) host–environment interaction, diagnostic advancements with field application data, surveillance, epidemiology including molecular epidemiology, infectious disease modeling, laboratory and field studies demonstrating disease emergence and spread, and prevention and management practices.

Dr. Krishna Kumar Thakur
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • emerging infectious diseases
  • transboundary diseases
  • spread
  • transmission
  • epidemiology
  • risk factors
  • food animals
  • sustainability

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 10718 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Protective Immune Responses Induced in BALB/c Mice and Goats by the Neospora caninum Surface SRS Proteins and Interleukin-18
by Pu Wang, Xiaocen Wang, Weirong Wang, Pengtao Gong, Nan Zhang, Renzhe Zhang, Huan Zeng, Qian Sun, Wanqing Li, Xin Li, Shuqin Cheng, Xu Zhang, Xinyi Huang, Chenyang Gao, Yadong Zheng, Jianhua Li and Xichen Zhang
Animals 2022, 12(21), 2952; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ani12212952 - 27 Oct 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1346
Abstract
Neosporosis is caused by Neospora caninum (N. caninum), which mainly infects cattle and goats and severely threatens the animal industry. In this study, the inhibitory effects of polyclonal antiserum anti-NcSRS17, NcSRS2 and NcSRS52 were explored. Cytokines in mice or goat serum [...] Read more.
Neosporosis is caused by Neospora caninum (N. caninum), which mainly infects cattle and goats and severely threatens the animal industry. In this study, the inhibitory effects of polyclonal antiserum anti-NcSRS17, NcSRS2 and NcSRS52 were explored. Cytokines in mice or goat serum were detected after immunization. After infection, the survival of mice was recorded. The pathological changes and parasite loads were observed and detected in tissues. The results showed that anti-NcSRS2, NcSRS17 and NcSRS52 antibodies all inhibit the invasion and proliferation of N. caninum. The IFN-γ level in the NcSRS17 group was higher than that in the NcSRS2 and NcSRS52 groups, and higher in the NcSRS2-mIL-18 group than in the NcSRS2 group. The survival rates of mice were 16% in the positive control group, 67% in the SRS52 group, 83% in the SRS2 and mIL-18 groups and 100% in the SRS17 and SRS2-mIL-18 groups. Goats immunized with NcSRS17-gIL-18 developed high levels of IL-4, IL-12 and IFN-γ compared with those immunized with NcSRS-17. Parasite loads in the brains of animals in the NcSRS17 and NcSRS17-gIL-18 groups were significantly reduced, and were significantly lower in the NcSRS17-gIL-18 group (p ≤ 0.01). This study indicates that SRS17 may be an antigen candidate for vaccine development against neosporosis, and IL-18 can enhance the immune protective efficiency of antigen candidates. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transmission of Emerging Diseases in Food Animals)
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15 pages, 835 KiB  
Article
The Threshold Effect of Swine Epidemics on the Pig Supply in China
by Yunfei Jia, Wenshan Sun, Guifang Su, Junguo Hua and Zejun He
Animals 2022, 12(19), 2595; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ani12192595 - 28 Sep 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1275
Abstract
The pig industry is the pillar industry of animal husbandry in China, and epidemics can lead to drastic changes in pig supply, affecting the healthy development of the pig industry and residents’ quality of life. This study analyzed the mechanism of the effect [...] Read more.
The pig industry is the pillar industry of animal husbandry in China, and epidemics can lead to drastic changes in pig supply, affecting the healthy development of the pig industry and residents’ quality of life. This study analyzed the mechanism of the effect of swine epidemics on nonlinear shocks to pig supply, and monthly data on pig supply from January 2012 to June 2020 were applied to study the threshold effect of swine epidemics on pig stock and slaughter in China empirically, using the index of swine epidemics’ width (ISEW) as the threshold variable. The results of this study were as follows: (1) The influence of the ISEW over 7 months on pig stock in China was divided into two ranges, and the pig stock did not change significantly when the ISEW was less than 0.25. Swine epidemics had a significantly negative impact on the pig stock when the ISEW was larger than 0.25. (2) The influence of the ISEW over 8 months on pig slaughter was also divided into two ranges. When the ISEW was less than 0.33, epidemics had a positive and significant effect on pig slaughter, while epidemics had a marked negative impact on pig slaughter when the ISEW was greater than 0.33. Based on these conclusions, this study proposed relevant measures for the prevention and control of swine epidemics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transmission of Emerging Diseases in Food Animals)
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