Flash Floods: Analysis and Modeling from Laboratory Experiments to Large-Scale Events

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Earth Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2021) | Viewed by 3177

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, Fisciano SA, Italy
Interests: numerical methods in fluids; fluid–structure interaction; experiments in fluids; water waves; dam-break flows; floods; fate and transport of contaminants

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Guest Editor
Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino FR, Italy
Interests: dam break; floods; river morphodynamics; computational fluid dynamics; numerical modeling; laboratory experiments; hydraulic networks; filtering cartidges for water treatment

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Guest Editor
Department of Civil Engineering: Hydraulics, Energy and Environment, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: hydrodynamic modeling; water resources; hydrology; vulnerability; climate change; quantitative assessment
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleague,

Flash floods are typically caused by short, high-intensity rainstorms in the presence of dam or levee breaks or mudslides, whenever the heavy rainfall exceeds the ability of the ground to absorb it, but also in urban areas whenever the heavy rainfall compromises the capability of the drainage system to convey water. These catastrophic events have been more and more frequent, producing a severe impact on the communities, with significant damage and life losses.

Despite their scientific and social importance, several features of the flash-flood response are poorly understood. Reliable and efficient numerical models are required for an accurate prediction of such events in real-scale cases, for an appropriate prevention and mitigation of consequences, as also demanded by the 2030 European Agenda for Sustainable Development. The flood risk assessment is of crucial importance in enhancing resilience to the impacts of climate change.

The validation and improvement of these numerical tools needs the support of laboratory experiments for data collection and a deeper understanding in controlled conditions of the physical processes.

Therefore, this Special Issue aims to offer Researchers and Technologists the opportunity to discuss and provide important insights on flash-flood analysis and modeling, highlighting critical points and future challenges. Potential topics include but are not limited to:

  • Review of the hydrological and hydraulic mechanisms driving flash-flood response to intense rainfall;
  • Characterize runoff response from selected extreme flash floods in Europe and in the world;
  • Present recent advances in theoretical analysis of flash floods;
  • Review recent advances in numerical modeling of flash floods on real topography;
  • Collect laboratory experiments and field data useful to validate numerical models;
  • Show applications of numerical models to flood hazard assessment.

Dr. Giacomo Viccione
Dr. Stefania Evangelista
Prof. Dr. Luis Garrote
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Flash floods
  • Drainage capacity
  • Flood risk assessment and mitigation
  • Numerical flood simulation
  • Flooding experiments

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

21 pages, 4530 KiB  
Article
Experimental and Numerical Investigation of 3D Dam-Break Wave Propagation in an Enclosed Domain with Dry and Wet Bottom
by Selahattin Kocaman, Stefania Evangelista, Hasan Guzel, Kaan Dal, Ada Yilmaz and Giacomo Viccione
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(12), 5638; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app11125638 - 18 Jun 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2435
Abstract
Dam-break flood waves represent a severe threat to people and properties located in downstream regions. Although dam failure has been among the main subjects investigated in academia, little effort has been made toward investigating wave propagation under the influence of tailwater depth. This [...] Read more.
Dam-break flood waves represent a severe threat to people and properties located in downstream regions. Although dam failure has been among the main subjects investigated in academia, little effort has been made toward investigating wave propagation under the influence of tailwater depth. This work presents three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulations of laboratory experiments of dam-breaks with tailwater performed at the Laboratory of Hydraulics of Iskenderun Technical University, Turkey. The dam-break wave was generated by the instantaneous removal of a sluice gate positioned at the center of a transversal wall forming the reservoir. Specifically, in order to understand the influence of tailwater level on wave propagation, three tests were conducted under the conditions of dry and wet downstream bottom with two different tailwater depths, respectively. The present research analyzes the propagation of the positive and negative wave originated by the dam-break, as well as the wave reflection against the channel’s downstream closed boundary. Digital image processing was used to track water surface patterns, and ultrasonic sensors were positioned at five different locations along the channel in order to obtain water stage hydrographs. Laboratory measurements were compared against the numerical results obtained through FLOW-3D commercial software, solving the 3D Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) with the k-ε turbulence model for closure, and Shallow Water Equations (SWEs). The comparison achieved a reasonable agreement with both numerical models, although the RANS showed in general, as expected, a better performance. Full article
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