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Applied Sciences
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New Insights into Power System Resilience
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New Insights into Power System Resilience

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Science and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 July 2024 | Viewed by 4255

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Dillip Kumar Mishra

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Automotive Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29607, USA
Interests: power systems resilience; renewable energy; microgrids and multi-mIcrogrids; transactive energy; energy transition; power system modernization
Dr. Jiangfeng Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Automotive Engineering, Clemson University, Greenville, SC, USA
Interests: smart grid; power system resilience; renewable energy; battery electric vehicles; demand-side management
Dr. Li Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
Interests: smart grid; power system resilience; renewable energy; control engineering; electrical energy storage; power system control
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Unfavorable events (e.g., natural disasters or cyber-attacks) that occur globally can affect the reliability/resiliency of power system networks. Such events may cause load demand/generation imbalance, total power outages, and partial power outages, thereby damaging the electrical infrastructure and incurring a high economic loss. Furthermore, the increasing frequency of natural disasters and man-made attacks has increased power outages worldwide. Thus, a resilient infrastructure must be constructed to reduce power system damages, and, eventually, economic losses (billions of USD) due to power outages. To achieve a sustainable, reliable, and resilient system, many new advanced technologies need to be adopted in the power system through various planning and operational approaches. This Special Issue of Applied Sciences calls for novel frameworks and techniques to improve power system resilience in the wake of natural disasters and cyber-attacks. The following topics of interest may be included in this Special Issue:

  • Power system resilience enhancement methods;
  • Power system resilience quantification framework;
  • Power system resilient control strategies;
  • Power system hardening;
  • Building resilient structures in the context of the power system;
  • Cyber-resilient power system;
  • Resilient restoration methods;
  • Resilient energy market framework;
  • Fragility modeling of the power system;
  • Use of artificial intelligence in the power system network for resilience enhancement;
  • The role of IoT and communication technology in power system resilience;
  • Power system interconnection and resilience.

Dr. Dillip Kumar Mishra
Dr. Jiangfeng Zhang
Dr. Li Li
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • power system resilience
  • frequency regulation
  • renewable energy
  • microgrids
  • transactive energy
  • energy transition to net zero

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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27 pages, 2230 KiB  
Article
Multilevel Distributed Linear State Estimation Integrated with Transmission Network Topology Processing
by Dulip Madurasinghe and Ganesh Kumar Venayagamoorthy
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(8), 3422; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app14083422 - 18 Apr 2024
Viewed by 275
Abstract
State estimation (SE) is an important energy management system application for power system operations. Linear state estimation (LSE) is a variant of SE based on linear relationships between state variables and measurements. LSE estimates system state variables, including bus voltage magnitudes and angles [...] Read more.
State estimation (SE) is an important energy management system application for power system operations. Linear state estimation (LSE) is a variant of SE based on linear relationships between state variables and measurements. LSE estimates system state variables, including bus voltage magnitudes and angles in an electric power transmission network, using a network model derived from the topology processor and measurements. Phasor measurement units (PMUs) enable the implementation of LSE by providing synchronized high-speed measurements. However, as the size of the power system increases, the computational overhead of the state-of-the-art (SOTA) LSE grows exponentially, where the practical implementation of LSE is challenged. This paper presents a distributed linear state estimation (D-LSE) at the substation and area levels using a hierarchical transmission network topology processor (H-TNTP). The proposed substation-level and area-level D-LSE can efficiently and accurately estimate system state variables at the PMU rate, thus enhancing the estimation reliability and efficiency of modern power systems. Network-level LSE has been integrated with H-TNTP based on PMU measurements, thus enhancing the SOTA LSE and providing redundancy to substation-level and area-level D-LSE. The implementations of D-LSE and enhanced LSE have been investigated for two benchmark power systems, a modified two-area four-machine power system and the IEEE 68 bus power system, on a real-time digital simulator. The typical results indicate that the proposed multilevel D-LSE is efficient, resilient, and robust for topology changes, bad data, and noisy measurements compared to the SOTA LSE. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Power System Resilience)
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22 pages, 8669 KiB  
Article
State–Space Modelling and Stability Analysis of Solid-State Transformers for Resilient Distribution Systems
by Dillip Kumar Mishra, Mohammad Hossein Abbasi, Mohsen Eskandari, Saroj Paudel, Sourav K. Sahu, Jiangfeng Zhang and Li Li
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(5), 1915; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app14051915 - 26 Feb 2024
Viewed by 845
Abstract
Power grids are currently undergoing a significant transition to enhance operational resilience and elevate power quality issues, aiming to achieve universal access to electricity. In the last few decades, the energy sector has witnessed substantial shifts toward modernizing distribution systems by integrating innovative [...] Read more.
Power grids are currently undergoing a significant transition to enhance operational resilience and elevate power quality issues, aiming to achieve universal access to electricity. In the last few decades, the energy sector has witnessed substantial shifts toward modernizing distribution systems by integrating innovative technologies. Among the innovations, the solid-state transformer (SST) is referred to as a promising technology due to its flexible power control (better reliability) and high efficacy (by decreasing losses) compared with traditional transformers. The design of SST has combined three-stage converters, i.e., the input, isolation, and output stages. The key objective of this design is to implement a modern power distribution system to make it a more intelligent and reliable device in practice. As the power converters are used in SST, they exhibit non-linear behavior and can introduce high-frequency components, making stability more challenging for the system. Besides, the stability issue can be even more complicated by integrating the distributed energy resources into the distribution system. Thus, the stability of SST must be measured prior to /during the design. To determine stability, state-space modeling, and its controller design are important, which this paper explains in detail. Indeed, the system’s stability is measured through the controllability and observability test. Further, the stability analysis is performed using frequency and time-domain diagrams: the Bode plot, Nyquist plot, Nichols chart, Root locus, pole-zero plot, and Eigen plot. Finally, the SST Simulink model is tested and validated through real-time digital simulation using the OPALRT simulator to show its effectiveness and applicability. The stability performance of the proposed SST is evaluated and shows the effectiveness of the controller design of each converter circuit. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Power System Resilience)
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26 pages, 4225 KiB  
Article
Power System Analysis during Fast Desynchronization from Synchronous Area and Operation in Islanded Mode
by Ramūnas Deltuva, Robertas Lukočius, Renatas Balsevičius and Miglė Kriuglaitė-Jarašiūnienė
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(13), 7552; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app13137552 - 26 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1282
Abstract
In a constantly and rapidly changing global environment, one of the main priority tasks for every country is preserving, maintaining, and operating an independent and individually robust and stable energy system. This paper aims at researching electrical power systems’ (EPSs) behavior during desynchronization [...] Read more.
In a constantly and rapidly changing global environment, one of the main priority tasks for every country is preserving, maintaining, and operating an independent and individually robust and stable energy system. This paper aims at researching electrical power systems’ (EPSs) behavior during desynchronization from a synchronous area, its stability in islanded mode, and its synchronization. The analysis of EPS behavior was accomplished utilizing numerical simulations in a widely used programming/simulation package. The sudden tripping of the EPS into an isolated island mode with known generation and load values was simulated, analyzed, and discussed. We investigated the behavior of an isolated EPS in the case of the loss of a certain amount of active power, and determined the maximum power that must be available to ensure the reliable operation of the isolated EPS and the power reserve that must be maintained to prevent the EPS from triggering UFLS. The simulation of the synchronization of an isolated EPS with a synchronous area was accomplished and analyzed. The obtained results were applied to reveal the sequence of actions that will help an EPS to ensure and maintain the stable and reliable operation of electrical installations during desynchronization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Power System Resilience)
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Review

Jump to: Research

20 pages, 2777 KiB  
Review
Review of Power System Resilience Concept, Assessment, and Enhancement Measures
by Jhih-Hao Lin and Yuan-Kang Wu
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(4), 1428; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app14041428 - 09 Feb 2024
Viewed by 937
Abstract
Power systems are generally designed to be reliable when faced with low-impact, high-probability, and expected power outages. By contrast, the probability of extreme event (extreme weather or natural disasters) occurrence is low, but may seriously affect the power system, from long outage times [...] Read more.
Power systems are generally designed to be reliable when faced with low-impact, high-probability, and expected power outages. By contrast, the probability of extreme event (extreme weather or natural disasters) occurrence is low, but may seriously affect the power system, from long outage times to damage to major equipment such as substations, transmission lines, and power plants. As, in the short term, it is extremely difficult to completely avoid the damage caused by extreme events, it is important to enhance the resilience of power systems. This study has provided a comprehensive review of power system resilience by discussing its concepts, assessment, and enhancement measures. This article summarized possible impacts and quantitative indicators of various types of disasters on power grids, presented the concept of power system resilience, and analyzed the main characteristics that a resilient system should possess. Moreover, this article further distinguished the differences between the resilience, flexibility, and survivability of a power system. More importantly, this paper has proposed a novel framework and the corresponding metric for assessing resilience, which makes the evaluation of system resilience more accurate. Finally, this paper discussed various measures to enhance power system resilience and outlined potential challenges for future research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Power System Resilience)
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