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Applied Sciences
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Transmission Techniques for 5G and Beyond, Volume Ⅱ
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Transmission Techniques for 5G and Beyond, Volume Ⅱ

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (22 July 2022) | Viewed by 4940

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Mário Marques da Silva

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Instituto de Telecomunicações, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
2. Department of Sciences and Technologies, Universidade Autónoma de Lisboa, 1169-023 Lisboa, Portugal
Interests: cellular communications; 5G and beyond; massive-MIMO; millimeter-wave communications; block transmission techniques; NOMA
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Transmission techniques, such as massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), block transmission techniques, or millimeter-wave communications (mm-Wave) are expected to be a crucial part of 5G (Fifth Generation) systems and beyond. Similar techniques are being adopted by IEEE 802.11 standards, such as in 802.11ad, where orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA), mm-Wave, and massive MIMO (m-MIMO) is utilized. However, mm-Wave transmissions have significant problems, such as high free-space path losses, very small diffraction effects, huge losses due to obstacles and implementation difficulties, namely with power amplification. On the other hand, small wavelengths mean that we can have small antennas and small-sized antenna aggregates with a large number of elements, facilitating the deployment of m-MIMO schemes. The use of multiple antennas at both the transmitter and receiver aims to improve performance or to increase the symbol rate of systems, but it usually requires higher implementation complexity. m-MIMO schemes involving several tens or even hundreds of antenna elements are central technologies of 5G systems, where higher capacity and spectral efficiency are required, as compared to previous systems, but where low complexity is an important issue. OFDM/A suffers from a high peak-to-average power ratio. NOMA is an alternative multiple access technique, which tends to present better spectral efficiency, but clustering is still a limitation, and coordination between users (coordinated NOMA) makes it more effective.

This Special Issue, “Transmission Techniques for 5G and Beyond”, will provide an overview of 5G communications and beyond, in terms of network, services, and requirements, while describing advances in transmission techniques foreseen for future versions. All new ideas about how to improve performance, capacity, and/or spectrum efficiency of transmission techniques for 5G and beyond, while keeping computational cost at an acceptable level are most welcome. Contributions to this Special Issue should provide an overview of how the proposed transmission techniques bring added value to the advances of cellular communications, in terms of performance and/or advanced requirements.

Dr. Mário Marques da Silva
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • 5G and beyond
  • massive MIMO
  • millimeter-wave communications
  • block transmission techniques
  • non-orthogonal multiple access

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 5644 KiB  
Article
On the Performance of LDPC-Coded MIMO Schemes for Underwater Communications Using 5G-like Processing
by Mário Marques da Silva, Rui Dinis, José Aleixo and Luís M. L. Oliveira
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(11), 5549; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app12115549 - 30 May 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1126
Abstract
This article studies the underwater acoustic (UWA) communications associated with multiple input–multiple output (MIMO), single carrier with frequency-domain equalization (SC-FDE), and with low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. Low-complexity receivers such as equal gain combining (EGC), maximum ratio combining (MRC), and iterative block—decision feedback equalization [...] Read more.
This article studies the underwater acoustic (UWA) communications associated with multiple input–multiple output (MIMO), single carrier with frequency-domain equalization (SC-FDE), and with low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. Low-complexity receivers such as equal gain combining (EGC), maximum ratio combining (MRC), and iterative block—decision feedback equalization (IB-DFE) are studied in the above-described scenarios. Furthermore, due to the low carrier frequencies utilized in UWA communications, the performance of the proposed MIMO scenarios is studied at different levels of channel correlation between antennas. This article shows that the combined schemes tend to achieve good performances while presenting low complexity, even in scenarios with channel correlation between antennas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transmission Techniques for 5G and Beyond, Volume Ⅱ)
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22 pages, 1242 KiB  
Article
Modeling and Identification of Nonlinear Effects in Massive MIMO Systems Using a Fifth-Order Cumulants-Based Blind Approach
by Mohammed Zidane and Rui Dinis
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(7), 3323; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app12073323 - 24 Mar 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1452
Abstract
Pre-processing associated with massive multiple input-multiple output (MIMO) systems can lead to signals with high envelope fluctuations, which are very prone to nonlinear effects, especially when massive MIMO schemes are combined with orthogonal transform multiplexing (OFDM) modulations. If the nonlinear characteristics that affect [...] Read more.
Pre-processing associated with massive multiple input-multiple output (MIMO) systems can lead to signals with high envelope fluctuations, which are very prone to nonlinear effects, especially when massive MIMO schemes are combined with orthogonal transform multiplexing (OFDM) modulations. If the nonlinear characteristics that affect a given system are known, we can design appropriate receivers that take into account the nonlinear effects introduced by the transmitter. Cubic systems are particularly important, not only because they can approximate many nonlinear effects (e.g., due to the power amplifier or clipping effects), but also because many more complex nonlinear characteristics in communication schemes can be replaced by equivalent lower-order nonlinear characteristics in general, and cubic characteristics in particular. To compensate the effects at the receiver side (e.g., by using the so-called Bussgang receivers), we need to estimate the nonlinear operation that was introduced at the transmitter, and this should be done blindly, without the need of training symbols. The paper contains a description of a mathematical approach for modeling and identification of nonlinear kernels in cubic systems. Based on theoretical tools of HOC in cubic systems, we build a new formula which relates the second- and fifth-order cumulants. Our performance results indicate that the proposed approach allows an accurate identification, yielding the desired kernels via fifth-order cumulants, and ensures a very good convergence, outperforming existing adaptive methods. This is achieved blindly, by exploiting the maximum information of the output system, making it suitable for many practical nonlinear effects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transmission Techniques for 5G and Beyond, Volume Ⅱ)
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23 pages, 18584 KiB  
Article
System-Level Assessment of Low Complexity Hybrid Precoding Designs for Massive MIMO Downlink Transmissions in Beyond 5G Networks
by João Pedro Pavia, Vasco Velez, Nuno Souto, Marco Ribeiro, Pedro Sebastião and Américo Correia
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(6), 2812; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app12062812 - 09 Mar 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1911
Abstract
The fast growth experienced by the telecommunications field during the last few decades has been motivating the academy and the industry to invest in the design, testing and deployment of new evolutions of wireless communication systems. Terahertz (THz) communication represents one of the [...] Read more.
The fast growth experienced by the telecommunications field during the last few decades has been motivating the academy and the industry to invest in the design, testing and deployment of new evolutions of wireless communication systems. Terahertz (THz) communication represents one of the possible technologies to explore in order to achieve the desired achievable rates above 100 Gbps and the extremely low latency required in many envisioned applications. Despite the potentialities, it requires proper system design, since working in the THz band brings a set of challenges, such as the reflection and scattering losses through the transmission path, the high dependency with distance and the severe hardware constraints. One key approach for overcoming some of these challenges relies on the use of massive/ultramassive antenna arrays combined with hybrid precoders based on fully connected phase-shifter architectures or partially connected architectures, such as arrays of subarrays (AoSAs) or dynamic AoSAs (DAoSAs). Through this strategy, it is possible to obtain very high-performance gains while drastically simplifying the practical implementation and reducing the overall power consumption of the system when compared to a fully digital approach. Although these types of solutions have been previously proposed to address some of the limitations of mmWave/THz communications, a lack between link-level and system-level analysis is commonly verified. In this paper, we present a thorough system-level assessment of a cloud radio access network (C-RAN) for beyond 5G (B5G) systems where the access points (APs) operate in the mmWave/THz bands, supporting multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) transmission with massive/ultra-massive antenna arrays combined with low-complexity hybrid precoding architectures. Results showed that the C-RAN deployments in two indoor office scenarios for the THz were capable of achieving good throughput and coverage performances, with only a small compromise in terms of gains when adopting reduced complexity hybrid precoders. Furthermore, we observed that the indoor-mixed office scenario can provide higher throughput and coverage performances independently of the cluster size when compared to the indoor-open office scenario. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transmission Techniques for 5G and Beyond, Volume Ⅱ)
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