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Applied Sciences
Special Issues
City Resilience to Windstorm Hazard
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City Resilience to Windstorm Hazard

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Civil Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2024 | Viewed by 1912

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Zhenru Shu

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Guest Editor
School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
Interests: wind engineering; wind energy; extreme wind events
Prof. Dr. Yun-Cheng He

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Research Center for Wind Engineering and Engineering Vibration, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
Interests: atmospheric observations; wind engineering; structural health monitoring; computational fluid mechanics; structural engineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Xiao Li

E-Mail
Guest Editor
School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
Interests: extreme winds; wind-induced structural responses; wind hazards
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With rapid urbanization, there is a need to improve cities’ resilience to natural hazards, among which windstorms are the most destructive types. Windstorms (e.g., tropical and extratropical cyclones, thunderstorm downbursts, and tornadoes) are responsible for over 70% of damage and deaths caused by nature, causing devastation and raising concerns about public safety. Meanwhile, possibly as a result of anthropogenic global warming, both the frequency and the intensity of windstorms are increasing, posing more difficult challenges to enhancing cities’ resilience to windstorms. 

This Special Issue aims to address two essential requirements for establishing windstorm-resilient cities: (i) The safety and serviceability improvements of critical structures, i.e., the structures that provide vital public needs and/or may cause catastrophic damage upon structural failure. (ii) The implementation of a comprehensive disaster management system, which mitigates the risk and promotes rapid recovery from damage. We sincerely invite researchers to publish original and review papers related to city resilience to windstorms in the areas including, but not limited to: hazard evaluation, hazard mitigation strategies, wind characteristics, urban aerodynamics, wind-excited structural dynamic responses, serviceability and occupant comfort, structural safety and reliability assessment, and post-event damage analysis.

Prof. Dr. Zhenru Shu
Prof. Dr. Yun-Cheng He
Prof. Dr. Xiao Li
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • hazard evaluation
  • hazard mitigation strategies
  • wind characteristics
  • urban aerodynamics
  • wind-excited structural dynamic responses
  • serviceability and occupant comfort
  • structural safety and reliability assessment
  • post-event damage analysis

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

23 pages, 8782 KiB  
Article
Computational Fluid Dynamics-Aided Simulation of Twisted Wind Flows in Boundary Layer Wind Tunnel
by Zijing Yi, Lingjun Wang, Xiao Li, Zhigang Zhang, Xu Zhou and Bowen Yan
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(3), 988; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14030988 - 24 Jan 2024
Viewed by 534
Abstract
The twisted wind flow (TWF), referring to the phenomenon of wind direction varying with height, is a common feature of atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) winds, noticeably affecting the wind-resistant structural design and the wind environment assessment. The TWF can be effectively simulated by [...] Read more.
The twisted wind flow (TWF), referring to the phenomenon of wind direction varying with height, is a common feature of atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) winds, noticeably affecting the wind-resistant structural design and the wind environment assessment. The TWF can be effectively simulated by a guide vane system in wind tunnel tests, but the proper design and configuration of the guide vanes pose a major challenge as practical experience in using such devices is still limited in the literature. To address this issue, this study aims to propose an approach to determining the optimal wind tunnel setup for TWF simulations using a numerical wind tunnel, which is a replica of its physical counterpart, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques. By analyzing the mechanisms behind guide vanes for generating TWF based on CFD results, it was found that the design must take into account three key parameters, namely, (1) the distance from the vane system to the side wall, (2) the distance from the vane system to the model test region, and (3) the separation between the vanes. Following the optimal setup obtained from the numerical wind tunnel, TWF profiles matching both the power-law and Ekman spiral models, which, respectively, reflect the ABL and wind twist characteristics, were successfully generated in the actual wind tunnel. The findings of this study provide useful information for wind tunnel tests as well as for wind-resistant structural designs and wind environment assessment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue City Resilience to Windstorm Hazard)
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32 pages, 18737 KiB  
Article
Numerical Study of the Flow Characteristics of Downburst-like Wind over the 3D Hill Using Different Turbulence Models
by Bowen Yan, Ruifang Shen, Chenyan Ma, Xu Cheng, Guoqing Huang, Zhitao Yan, Xiao Li and Zhigang Zhang
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(12), 7098; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app13127098 - 14 Jun 2023
Viewed by 993
Abstract
With the rapid development of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technology, it has been widely used to study the wind field characteristics of downbursts in mountainous areas. However, there is little guidance on the selection of different turbulence models for simulating downburst wind fields [...] Read more.
With the rapid development of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technology, it has been widely used to study the wind field characteristics of downbursts in mountainous areas. However, there is little guidance on the selection of different turbulence models for simulating downburst wind fields over hills using CFD, and few comparative studies have been conducted. This paper used nine turbulence models to simulate the wind field of a downburst over a 3D quadratic ideal hill. The simulated values of average and transient winds were compared with wind tunnel test data, and the flow characteristics at different moments under a downburst were analyzed. The flow characteristics in the wake region of the downburst over the hill are also quantitatively analyzed using the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) method. The results show that approximately 85% of the results from the LES and REA models fall within a 30% error range, so the large eddy simulation (LES) model and the realizable k-ε model (REA) are more accurate in simulating the mean wind field, and the transient wind field simulated by the LES model is also in good agreement with the experimental data. In addition, this paper reveals the evolution mechanism of the transient wind field structure over a hill model under a downburst and finds that the first-order mode obtained by POD may be related to the acceleration effect on the hilltop. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue City Resilience to Windstorm Hazard)
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