Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
4.2
4.6
Journals
Bioengineering
Special Issues
Engineering Novel Multifunctional Nanostructures for Various Biomedical Applications
share announcement

Engineering Novel Multifunctional Nanostructures for Various Biomedical Applications

A special issue of Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2020) | Viewed by 34644

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Raviraj Vankayala

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Visiting Researcher at Department of Bioengineering, University of California Riverside, USA; Chief Technology Officer at Radoptics LLC, USA
Interests: nanomedicine; theranostics; personalized medicine; drug delivery

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Tackling diseases with novel approaches is always necessary to improve existing outcomes or develop new and fascinating strategies to minimize side effects and increase patient survival rates. The fast-growing research in nanoscience and nanotechnology has brought many potential opportunities as well as challenges in innovations in the field of clinical biomedicine. Designing a single multifunctional nanoplatform that can simultaneously impart both diagnostic and therapeutic modalities is considered to be a unique tool for biomedical researchers. Nanotechnology creates a unique platform to develop nanomaterials with various multifunctional properties, in which both biomedical diagnostics and therapeutic functions are incorporated into a single nanodelivery agent. Multifunctional nanomedicine formulations can offer various advantages, including (i) high drug-loading efficiencies, (ii) strong binding capacity, (iii) prolonged availability of drug in bloodstream, (iv) biocompatibility and biodegradability, (v) molecular targeting capabilities, etc. These characteristics can be achieved based on tuning of the size, shape, and surface functionalities of nanomaterials. In recent years, there have been some intriguing discoveries made in exploring the design strategies for multifunctional nanoparticles by incorporating those ideal characteristics into a single nanomedicine formulation for tackling various diseases. 

This Special Issue is dedicated to the most recent advances in the development of multifunctional nanostructures for various biomedical applications. Participation with full research papers and reviews, focused on the above theme and ranging from the design and engineering of novel multifunctional nanomaterials, bioconjugation strategies, and up to their final in vitro and in vivo applications are highly encouraged.

Dr. Raviraj Vankayala
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Bioengineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (6 papers)

Download All Papers
Order results
Result details
Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

Jump to: Review

12 pages, 4820 KiB  
Article
Influence of Saline Buffers over the Stability of High-Annealed Gold Nanoparticles Formed on Coverslips for Biological and Chemosensing Applications
by Lan Zhou and Rodica Elena Ionescu
Bioengineering 2020, 7(3), 68; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/bioengineering7030068 - 03 Jul 2020
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3605
Abstract
Herein, coverslips were used as solid supports for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in three steps: (i) detergent cleaning, (ii) evaporation of 4 nm gold film and (iii) exposure at high annealing temperature (550 °C) for 3 h. Such active gold nanostructured [...] Read more.
Herein, coverslips were used as solid supports for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in three steps: (i) detergent cleaning, (ii) evaporation of 4 nm gold film and (iii) exposure at high annealing temperature (550 °C) for 3 h. Such active gold nanostructured supports were investigated for their stability performances in aqueous saline buffers for new assessments of chemical sensing. Two model buffers, namely saline-sodium phosphate-EDTA buffer (SSPE) and phosphate buffer saline (PBS), that are often used in the construction of (bio)sensors, are selected for the optical and microscopic investigations of their influence over the stability of annealed AuNPs on coverslips when using a dropping procedure under dry and wet media working conditions. A study over five weeks monitoring the evolution of the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) chemosensing of 1,2-bis-(4-pyridyl)-ethene (BPE) is discussed. It is concluded that the optimal sensing configuration is based on annealed AuNPs exposed to saline buffers under wet media conditions (overnight at 4 °C) and functionalized with BPE concentrations (10−3–10−11 M) with the highest LSPR spectra after two weeks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Engineering Novel Multifunctional Nanostructures for Various Biomedical Applications)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

10 pages, 2449 KiB  
Article
Andean Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia Volubilis L.) Leaf-Mediated Synthesis of Cu2O Nanoparticles: A Low-Cost Approach
by Brajesh Kumar, Kumari Smita, Alexis Debut and Luis Cumbal
Bioengineering 2020, 7(2), 54; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/bioengineering7020054 - 06 Jun 2020
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 4724
Abstract
In this work, Andean sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) leaves were used to prepare monodispersed cuprous oxide (Cu2O) nanoparticles under heating. Visual color changes and UV-visible spectroscopy of colloidal nanoparticles showed λmax at 255 nm, revealing the formation of [...] Read more.
In this work, Andean sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) leaves were used to prepare monodispersed cuprous oxide (Cu2O) nanoparticles under heating. Visual color changes and UV-visible spectroscopy of colloidal nanoparticles showed λmax at 255 nm, revealing the formation of copper oxide nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering analysis indicated that the prepared nanoparticles were spherical with an average size of 6–10 nm. The semi-crystalline nature and Cu2O phase of as-prepared nanoparticles were examined by X-ray diffraction. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of polyphenols, alkaloids and sugar in the sacha inchi leaf, allowing the formation of Cu2O nanoparticles from Cu2+. Additionally, as-synthesized Cu2O nanoparticles exhibited good photocatalytic degradation activity against methylene blue (>78%, 150 min) with rate constant 0.0219106 min−1. The results suggested that the adopted method is low-cost, simple, ecofriendly and highly selective for the synthesis of small Cu2O nanoparticles and may be used as a nanocatalyst in the future in the efficient treatment of organic pollutants in water. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Engineering Novel Multifunctional Nanostructures for Various Biomedical Applications)
►▼ Show Figures

Graphical abstract

12 pages, 4202 KiB  
Article
Biogenic Ceria Nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) for Effective Photocatalytic and Cytotoxic Activity
by Siripireddy Balaji, Badal Kumar Mandal, L. Vinod Kumar Reddy and Dwaipayan Sen
Bioengineering 2020, 7(1), 26; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/bioengineering7010026 - 13 Mar 2020
Cited by 35 | Viewed by 5123
Abstract
Ceria nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) are generally considered in various functional applications, such as catalysts in fuel cells, sensors, and antioxidant and oxidase-like enzymes in the biological environment. The CeO2 NPs were synthesized using the E. globulus leaf extract-mediated hydrothermal technique. The [...] Read more.
Ceria nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) are generally considered in various functional applications, such as catalysts in fuel cells, sensors, and antioxidant and oxidase-like enzymes in the biological environment. The CeO2 NPs were synthesized using the E. globulus leaf extract-mediated hydrothermal technique. The synthesized NPs were characterized by various analytical instruments including powder X-ray diffractometer (PXRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis. The XRD results showed an average NPs sizes of 13.7 nm. Cytotoxic study results showed an IC50 value of 45.5 µg/L for A549 and 58.2 µg/L for HCT 116, indicating that CeO2 NPs are more toxic to A549 compared to HCT116 cell lines. The generation of ROS was responsible for its cytotoxic activity against cancer cell lines. Specific surface area (40.96 m2/g) and pore diameter (7.8 nm) were measured using Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms. CeO2 NPs with a high surface area were used as photocatalyst in degrading sunset yellow (SY) dye under UV-irradiation and 97.3% of the dye was degraded within 90 min. These results suggest that the synthesized CeO2 NPs could be used as a good photocatalyst as well as a cytotoxic agent against human cancer cell lines. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Engineering Novel Multifunctional Nanostructures for Various Biomedical Applications)
►▼ Show Figures

Graphical abstract

14 pages, 4153 KiB  
Article
Preparation, Cytotoxicity, and In Vitro Bioimaging of Water Soluble and Highly Fluorescent Palladium Nanoclusters
by Suresh Thangudu, Poliraju Kalluru and Raviraj Vankayala
Bioengineering 2020, 7(1), 20; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/bioengineering7010020 - 21 Feb 2020
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 5683
Abstract
Fluorescent probes offer great potential to identify and treat surgical tumors by clinicians. To this end, several molecular probes were examined as in vitro and in vivo bioimaging probes. However, due to their ultra-low extinction coefficients as well as photobleaching problems, conventional molecular [...] Read more.
Fluorescent probes offer great potential to identify and treat surgical tumors by clinicians. To this end, several molecular probes were examined as in vitro and in vivo bioimaging probes. However, due to their ultra-low extinction coefficients as well as photobleaching problems, conventional molecular probes limit its practical utility. To address the above mentioned challenges, metal nanoclusters (MNCs) can serve as an excellent alternative with many unique features such as higher molar extinction coefficients/light absorbing capabilities, good photostability and appreciable fluorescence quantum yields. Herein, we reported a green synthesis of water soluble palladium nanoclusters (Pd NCs) and characterized them by using various spectroscopic and microscopic characterization techniques. These nanoclusters showed excellent photophysical properties with the characteristic emission peak centered at 500 nm under 420 nm photoexcitation wavelength. In vitro cytotoxicity studies in human cervical cancer cells (HeLa) cells reveal that Pd NCs exhibited good biocompatibility with an IC50 value of >100 µg/mL and also showed excellent co-localization and distribution throughout the cytoplasm region with a significant fraction translocating into cell nucleus. We foresee that Pd NCs will carry huge potential to serve as a new generation bioimaging nanoprobe owing to its smaller size, minimal cytotoxicity, nucleus translocation capability and good cell labelling properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Engineering Novel Multifunctional Nanostructures for Various Biomedical Applications)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Review

Jump to: Research

22 pages, 13389 KiB  
Review
Green and Cost-Effective Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles by Algae: Safe Methods for Translational Medicine
by Bushra Uzair, Ayesha Liaqat, Haroon Iqbal, Bouzid Menaa, Anam Razzaq, Gobika Thiripuranathar, Nosheen Fatima Rana and Farid Menaa
Bioengineering 2020, 7(4), 129; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/bioengineering7040129 - 16 Oct 2020
Cited by 108 | Viewed by 9499
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles (NPs) have received much attention for potential applications in medicine (mainly in oncology, radiology and infectiology), due to their intriguing chemical, electronical, catalytical, and optical properties such as surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect. They also offer ease in controlled synthesis and [...] Read more.
Metal nanoparticles (NPs) have received much attention for potential applications in medicine (mainly in oncology, radiology and infectiology), due to their intriguing chemical, electronical, catalytical, and optical properties such as surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect. They also offer ease in controlled synthesis and surface modification (e.g., tailored properties conferred by capping/protecting agents including N-, P-, COOH-, SH-containing molecules and polymers such as thiol, disulfide, ammonium, amine, and multidentate carboxylate), which allows (i) tuning their size and shape (e.g., star-shaped and/or branched) (ii) improving their stability, monodispersity, chemical miscibility, and activity, (iii) avoiding their aggregation and oxidation over time, (iv) increasing their yield and purity. The bottom-up approach, where the metal ions are reduced in the NPs grown in the presence of capping ligands, has been widely used compared to the top-down approach. Besides the physical and chemical synthesis methods, the biological method is gaining much consideration. Indeed, several drawbacks have been reported for the synthesis of NPs via physical (e.g., irradiation, ultrasonication) and chemical (e.g., electrochemisty, reduction by chemicals such as trisodium citrate or ascorbic acid) methods (e.g., cost, and/ortoxicity due to use of hazardous solvents, low production rate, use of huge amount of energy). However, (organic or inorganic) eco-friendly NPs synthesis exhibits a sustainable, safe, and economical solution. Thereby, a relatively new trend for fast and valuable NPs synthesis from (live or dead) algae (i.e., microalgae, macroalgae and cyanobacteria) has been observed, especially because of its massive presence on the Earth’s crust and their unique properties (e.g., capacity to accumulate and reduce metallic ions, fast propagation). This article discusses the algal-mediated synthesis methods (either intracellularly or extracellularly) of inorganic NPs with special emphasis on the noblest metals, i.e., silver (Ag)- and gold (Au)-derived NPs. The key factors (e.g., pH, temperature, reaction time) that affect their biosynthesis process, stability, size, and shape are highlighted. Eventually, underlying molecular mechanisms, nanotoxicity and examples of major biomedical applications of these algal-derived NPs are presented. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Engineering Novel Multifunctional Nanostructures for Various Biomedical Applications)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

18 pages, 2765 KiB  
Review
Recent Advances of Polyaniline-Based Biomaterials for Phototherapeutic Treatments of Tumors and Bacterial Infections
by Chiranjeevi Korupalli, Poliraju Kalluru, Karthik Nuthalapati, Naresh Kuthala, Suresh Thangudu and Raviraj Vankayala
Bioengineering 2020, 7(3), 94; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/bioengineering7030094 - 13 Aug 2020
Cited by 26 | Viewed by 5358
Abstract
Conventional treatments fail to completely eradicate tumor or bacterial infections due to their inherent shortcomings. In recent years, photothermal therapy (PTT) has emerged as an attractive treatment modality that relies on the absorption of photothermal agents (PTAs) at a specific wavelength, thereby transforming [...] Read more.
Conventional treatments fail to completely eradicate tumor or bacterial infections due to their inherent shortcomings. In recent years, photothermal therapy (PTT) has emerged as an attractive treatment modality that relies on the absorption of photothermal agents (PTAs) at a specific wavelength, thereby transforming the excitation light energy into heat. The advantages of PTT are its high efficacy, specificity, and minimal damage to normal tissues. To this end, various inorganic nanomaterials such as gold nanostructures, carbon nanostructures, and transition metal dichalcogenides have been extensively explored for PTT applications. Subsequently, the focus has shifted to the development of polymeric PTAs, owing to their unique properties such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, non-immunogenicity, and low toxicity when compared to inorganic PTAs. Among various organic PTAs, polyaniline (PANI) is one of the best-known and earliest-reported organic PTAs. Hence, in this review, we cover the recent advances and progress of PANI-based biomaterials for PTT application in tumors and bacterial infections. The future prospects in this exciting area are also addressed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Engineering Novel Multifunctional Nanostructures for Various Biomedical Applications)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
 
Displaying articles 1-6
Back to TopTop