Emerging Issues in Asthma

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular and Translational Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2023) | Viewed by 2960

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. National Koranyi Institute for Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
2. Department of Pulmonology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungray
Interests: asthma; biologics; COPD; rare pulmonary diseases; lung cancer screening; Klotho; exhaled biomarkers; eosinophils; antioxidants
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Asthma is one of the most frequent chronic diseases with not fully described pathomechanism. Environmental influence, genetic sensitivity and misregulation of the immune response creates a toxic combination making asthma a major medical and societal challenge worldwide.  Despite widely available, efficient medication, people - even children – are still dying of asthma attacks and suffer from the consequences of uncontrolled asthma. While 95% of asthmatics have mild or moderate disease, some patients represent special challenges living with severe asthma. In mild and moderate cases major obstacles are presented by inappropriate use of controllers, mistakes in use of inhalers and low adherence to regular medication. In severe asthma recent discoveries in pathomechanisms, definition of treatable traits and development of biologics enable us to modify the disease. New questions such as how biomarkers can best help to define treatment, when to stop or switch biologics or how to treat T2 low asthma are unanswered. This special issue summarizes the current state of art and highlights areas where further research is needed.

Dr. Ildikó Horváth
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • asthma
  • biologics
  • exhaled biomarkers
  • eosinophils
  • antioxidants

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

12 pages, 591 KiB  
Review
Brittle Asthma: Still on Board?
by Dina Visca, Francesco Ardesi, Rosella Centis, Patrizia Pignatti and Antonio Spanevello
Biomedicines 2023, 11(11), 3086; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/biomedicines11113086 - 17 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1203
Abstract
(1) Background: “Brittle Asthma” was considered an asthma clinical phenotype and deemed to be life-threatening in the early 2000s; then, this definition disappeared. The purpose of this review is to examine what has historically been referred to as this term and see whether [...] Read more.
(1) Background: “Brittle Asthma” was considered an asthma clinical phenotype and deemed to be life-threatening in the early 2000s; then, this definition disappeared. The purpose of this review is to examine what has historically been referred to as this term and see whether it may be applied to modern clinical practice, thus acquiring fresh relevance and meaning. (2) Methods: A non-systematic search of the literature was conducted using both MeSH and free-text phrases. No limitations on the research design or type of publication were applied. (3) Results: Reliable data regarding “Brittle Asthma” are lacking due to the paucity of current data and the few studies available. After a few years of reworking, it was divided into two sub-classes: one characterized by a wide PEF variability despite high-dose therapy and the other by sudden acute attacks in otherwise apparently normal airway functions or well-controlled asthma. Their characteristics were hardly defined because of their low prevalence. Data regarding risk factors, atopy, mechanisms, and treatments were analyzed. (4) Conclusions: Over time, different terminology has been introduced to define asthma severity and control. It would be worth investigating whether the term “Brittle Asthma” previously used may be helpful to find new hints to stratify patients and improve disease management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Issues in Asthma)
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22 pages, 1373 KiB  
Review
Current Approaches in the Multimodal Management of Asthma in Adolescents—From Pharmacology to Personalized Therapy
by Vasile Valeriu Lupu, Elena Jechel, Silvia Fotea, Ionela Daniela Morariu, Iuliana Magdalena Starcea, Alice Azoicai, Adriana Mocanu, Elena Cristina Mitrofan, Ancuta Lupu, Dragos Munteanu, Minerva Codruta Badescu, Magdalena Cuciureanu and Ileana Ioniuc
Biomedicines 2023, 11(9), 2429; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/biomedicines11092429 - 30 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1364
Abstract
Asthma and adolescence are two sensitive points and are difficult to manage when they coexist. The first is a chronic respiratory condition, with frequent onset in early childhood (between 3 and 5 years), which can improve or worsen with age. Adolescence is the [...] Read more.
Asthma and adolescence are two sensitive points and are difficult to manage when they coexist. The first is a chronic respiratory condition, with frequent onset in early childhood (between 3 and 5 years), which can improve or worsen with age. Adolescence is the period between childhood and adulthood (12–19 years), marked by various internal and external conflicts and a limited capacity to understand and accept any aspect that is delimited by the pattern of the social circle (of the entourage) frequented by the individual. Therefore, the clinician is faced with multiple attempts regarding the management of asthma encountered during the adolescent period, starting from the individualization of the therapy to the control of compliance (which depends equally on the adverse reactions, quality of life offered and support of the close circle) and the social integration of the subject, communication probably having a more important role in the monitoring and evolution of the condition than the preference for a certain therapeutic scheme. Current statistics draw attention to the increase in morbidity and mortality among children with bronchial asthma, an aspect demonstrated by the numerous hospitalizations recorded, due either to an escalation in the severity of this pathology or to faulty management. The purpose of this article is to review the delicate aspects in terms of controlling symptoms and maintaining a high quality of life among teenagers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Issues in Asthma)
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