Dear Colleagues,

Transcriptomics, the study of messenger or non-coding RNA transcribed in a single cell or cells of the same tissue or cells of different tissues in the same organ, provides important insights into the gene expression patterns underlying health and disease. From PCR-based methods detecting a limited repertoire of RNA transcripts to the development of high-throughput sequencing technologies enabling the analysis of gene expression at a genome-wide scale, recently, significant technical progress has been made in the field. Results have led to major advancements in our understanding of various diseases and have facilitated the identification of specific dysregulated genes and pathways, as well as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. In addition, transcriptomics have also contributed to the development of precision medicine, as it allows for the identification of gene expression signatures that are of predictive value for the response to a specific treatment. However, there are cumbersome technical challenges, such as the need to accurately quantify gene expression and to account for biological variability. As such, ongoing research efforts on refining and optimizing transcriptomic methods will aid our better understanding of the complexity of gene regulation in health and disease.

This Special Issue welcomes original research and reviews focusing on transcriptomic insights in human conditions, host–microbiome interactions and precision approaches that utilize and highlight state-of-the-art methodologies.

Dr. Nikolas Dovrolis
Dr. Ioannis A. Drygiannakis
Guest Editors

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• transcriptomics
• RNA
• messenger RNA
• mRNA
• non-coding RNA
• gene regulation
• biological pathways
• precision medicine
• RNA sequencing
• sequencing
• high-throughput sequencing