Diagnosis, Pathogenesis, and Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular and Translational Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 July 2024 | Viewed by 609

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Cardiology, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
Interests: atrial fibrillation; catheter ablation; cardiac electrophysiology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Since atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major cause of cerebral infarction and heart failure, and the prevalence of AF increases with age, its prompt diagnosis and treatment are urgent tasks in this aging society. The management of AF remains challenging despite significant progress in understanding its underlying mechanisms.

Considerable progress has been made over the past 20 years in the treatment of AF. The evolution of therapeutic devices has been remarkable, with the advent of irrigated-tip ablation catheters, high-power short-duration techniques, and several balloon ablation catheters. These procedures are typically performed with the use of radiofrequency or cryothermal energy that heats or freezes tissue, respectively, to electrically isolate the pulmonary veins, which harbor triggers of AF. And, more recently, pulsed-field ablation has emerged. However, long-term sinus rhythm maintenance rates, although improved compared to the past, have not been as good as for the other supraventricular tachyarrhythmias. This may be due to the fact that there are still many unknowns regarding the persistent mechanisms of AF, identification of non-pulmonary vein triggers, the need for therapeutic intervention in the right as well as the left atrium, and the involvement of genetic predisposition.

We invite authors and researchers in this complex field to submit original articles and review articles relevant to this Special Issue, including studies and opinions on the pathogenesis of AF, techniques to analyze its pathogenesis, the status of disease-modifying therapies to prevent AF progression and improve outcomes, new promising therapeutic concepts, and future prospects in the field of atrial arrhythmias. We welcome your research and comments on these topics.

Dr. Kazuyoshi Suenari
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • atrial fibrillation
  • catheter ablation
  • cardiac electrophysiology
  • atrial arrhythmia

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

13 pages, 1445 KiB  
Review
MicroRNAs in Atrial Fibrillation: Mechanisms, Vascular Implications, and Therapeutic Potential
by Emmanouil P. Vardas, Panagiotis Theofilis, Evangelos Oikonomou, Panos E. Vardas and Dimitris Tousoulis
Biomedicines 2024, 12(4), 811; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/biomedicines12040811 - 06 Apr 2024
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Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AFib), the most prevalent arrhythmia in clinical practice, presents a growing global health concern, particularly with the aging population, as it is associated with devastating complications and an impaired quality of life. Its pathophysiology is multifactorial, including the pathways of fibrosis, [...] Read more.
Atrial fibrillation (AFib), the most prevalent arrhythmia in clinical practice, presents a growing global health concern, particularly with the aging population, as it is associated with devastating complications and an impaired quality of life. Its pathophysiology is multifactorial, including the pathways of fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNA molecules, have emerged as substantial contributors in AFib pathophysiology, by affecting those pathways. In this review, we explore the intricate relationship between miRNAs and the aforementioned aspects of AFib, shedding light on the molecular pathways as well as the potential diagnostic applications. Recent evidence also suggests a possible role of miRNA therapeutics in maintenance of sinus rhythm via the antagonism of miR-1 and miR-328, or the pharmacological upregulation of miR-27b and miR-223-3p. Unraveling the crosstalk between specific miRNA profiles and genetic predispositions may pave the way for personalized therapeutic approaches, setting the tone for precision medicine in atrial fibrillation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis, Pathogenesis, and Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation)
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