Personalized Medicine in Cancer Treatment: Apoptosis, Autophagy, and Drug Selection

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Biology and Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2024 | Viewed by 915

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Departments of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
Interests: autophagy; apoptosis; cancer; neurodegenerative disorders; natural products

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

To examine the ever-changing environment of personalized medicine in cancer treatment using a comprehensive approach, this collection elucidates the complex mechanisms of apoptosis and autophagy, focusing on their crucial significance in customizing cancer treatments for each patient. Moreover, the Special Issue highlights the importance of choosing the appropriate drugs and offers valuable information on the always-improving methods for determining the most efficient therapies based on an individual's specific genetic makeup.

In addition to cancer, the Special Issue also discusses neurological illnesses. The collection provides a thorough examination of the convergence of personalized medicine and neurological health, focusing on specific interventions and novel strategies to address neurodegenerative disorders.

The Special Issue emphasizes natural products (comprising  defined molecular compounds) which possess a wide range of medicinal capabilities that are frequently unexplored. The summaries in this Special Issue outline the investigation of nature's pharmacopeia, showcasing studies on utilizing the advantages of natural substances in individualized cancer therapy and other areas.

The collection of papers encompasses advanced research that focuses on the use of personalized medicine in cancer therapy. It explores the roles of apoptosis as well as autophagy, improves drug selection methods, addresses neurodegenerative disorders and reveals the therapeutic benefits of natural products. The combined knowledge and understanding lead to a more detailed and personalized method of healthcare, representing a significant milestone in the pursuit of precision medicine.

Dr. Md Ataur Rahman
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • personalized medicine
  • cancer treatment and metabolism
  • cell signaling
  • apoptosis
  • autophagy
  • drug target
  • neurodegenerative disorders
  • natural products

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 7779 KiB  
Article
Identification of Novel Tumor Pyroptosis-Related Antigens and Pyroptosis Subtypes for Developing mRNA Vaccines in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
by Qiaowei Lin, Li Liang, Qing Wang, Xiao Wang, Yang You, Yefei Rong, Yuhong Zhou and Xi Guo
Biomedicines 2024, 12(4), 726; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/biomedicines12040726 - 25 Mar 2024
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Abstract
Background: As one of the important components of immunotherapies, mRNA vaccines have displayed promising clinical outcomes in solid tumors. Nonetheless, their efficacy remains unclear in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD). Given the interaction of pyroptosis with anticancer immunity, our study aims to identify pyroptosis-related antigens [...] Read more.
Background: As one of the important components of immunotherapies, mRNA vaccines have displayed promising clinical outcomes in solid tumors. Nonetheless, their efficacy remains unclear in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD). Given the interaction of pyroptosis with anticancer immunity, our study aims to identify pyroptosis-related antigens for mRNA vaccine development and discern eligible candidates for vaccination. Methods: Utilizing gene expression data from TCGA and ICGC, we integrated RNA-seq data and compared genetic alterations through cBioPortal. Differential gene expressions were integrated using GEPIA. Relationships between immune cell abundance and tumor antigens were analyzed and visualized via TIMER. WGCNA facilitated the clustering of pyroptosis-related genes, identification of hub genes, and pathway enrichment analyses. Pyroptosis landscape was depicted through graph learning-based dimensional reduction. Results: Four overexpressed and mutant pyroptosis-related genes associated with poor prognosis were identified as potential antigens for mRNA vaccines in PAAD, including ANO6, PAK2, CHMP2B, and RAB5A. These genes displayed positive associations with antigen-presenting cells. PAAD patients were stratified into three pyroptosis subtypes. Notably, the PS3 subtype, characterized by a lower mutation count and TMB, exhibited “cold” immunological traits and superior survival compared to other subtypes. The pyroptosis landscape exhibited considerable heterogeneity among individuals. Furthermore, the turquoise module emerged as an independent prognostic indicator and patients with high expressions of hub genes might not be suitable candidates for mRNA vaccination. Conclusions: In PAAD, ANO6, PAK2, CHMP2B, and RAB5A are prospective pyroptosis-related antigens for mRNA vaccine development, which holds potential benefits for patients classified as PS3 and those with diminished hub gene expressions, providing insights into personalized mRNA vaccine strategies. Full article
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