circRNAs: Paradigms, Problems and Potential Pitfalls in Disease Based Settings

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Cell Nuclei: Function, Transport and Receptors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 October 2023) | Viewed by 1750

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Guest Editor
Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
Interests: non-coding RNA; epigenetics; biomarkers; thoracic malignancy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Since their initial description, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have become firmly established as a bona fide non-coding RNA in our transcriptome. Dysregulated circRNA levels have been frequently described in pathological settings, but much remains to be elucidated about their functional roles. Many issues continue to arise, such as their ability to encode peptides (and as such, whether we can call them non-coding), or their potential (or not) to act as microRNA “sponges” or competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) for the regulation of our transcriptomes. The aim of this Special Issue is not just to describe altered circRNAs in disease settings, but also to allow discussion of potential issues that may affect our understanding of the roles of this class of RNA in disease settings, or how current paradigms and methodological considerations may impinge on our understanding of these important regulatory RNAs. 

Dr. Steven G. Gray
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • circRNAs
  • biomarkers
  • peptides
  • issues
  • cancer

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

32 pages, 3441 KiB  
Review
Exploring the Multifaceted Biologically Relevant Roles of circRNAs: From Regulation, Translation to Biomarkers
by Parsa Hoque, Brigette Romero, Robert E Akins and Mona Batish
Cells 2023, 12(24), 2813; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/cells12242813 - 10 Dec 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1522
Abstract
CircRNAs are a category of regulatory RNAs that have garnered significant attention in the field of regulatory RNA research due to their structural stability and tissue-specific expression. Their circular configuration, formed via back-splicing, results in a covalently closed structure that exhibits greater resistance [...] Read more.
CircRNAs are a category of regulatory RNAs that have garnered significant attention in the field of regulatory RNA research due to their structural stability and tissue-specific expression. Their circular configuration, formed via back-splicing, results in a covalently closed structure that exhibits greater resistance to exonucleases compared to linear RNAs. The distinctive regulation of circRNAs is closely associated with several physiological processes, as well as the advancement of pathophysiological processes in several human diseases. Despite a good understanding of the biogenesis of circular RNA, details of their biological roles are still being explored. With the steady rise in the number of investigations being carried out regarding the involvement of circRNAs in various regulatory pathways, understanding the biological and clinical relevance of circRNA-mediated regulation has become challenging. Given the vast landscape of circRNA research in the development of the heart and vasculature, we evaluated cardiovascular system research as a model to critically review the state-of-the-art understanding of the biologically relevant functions of circRNAs. We conclude the review with a discussion of the limitations of current functional studies and provide potential solutions by which these limitations can be addressed to identify and validate the meaningful and impactful functions of circRNAs in different physiological processes and diseases. Full article
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