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Electronics
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Electromagnetic Compatibility and Electromagnetic Interference in Power Electronic Converters
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Electromagnetic Compatibility and Electromagnetic Interference in Power Electronic Converters

A special issue of Electronics (ISSN 2079-9292). This special issue belongs to the section "Power Electronics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2021) | Viewed by 13570

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Leonardo Sandrolini

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Guest Editor
Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy
Interests: electromagnetic compatibility
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Andrea Mariscotti

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
DITEN, University of Genova, 16145 Genova, Italy
Interests: EMC applied to industrial, military, and transportation systems; power quality and interference; power system modeling and analysis; electrical measurements, design, and construction of measurement setups and instrumentation; earthing, stray current, and lightning protection design
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Power electronic converters are a primary component of modern electrical equipment and applications. They are used to allow an efficient conversion and control of electrical power from source to load. This is particularly important in smart grid implementation and development (e.g., for the integration of diverse renewable energy sources and for electric mobility), and in general in all applications where energy-efficient power electronic converters are required on both consumer and generation sides. 

Power electronics is also becoming central in the performance and cost of electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid or pure electric. Power electronic converters for EVs are recognized as the main source of electromagnetic interference (EMI) within electric drive systems for both radiated and conducted emissions. 

Nevertheless, the use of power electronics leads to three major issues, namely, power losses, electromagnetic interference, and harmonic distortion. As these three factors have an impact on the cost, size, efficiency, and quality of systems, the design of an electronic power converter must often apply a trade-off. It is indeed of interest to provide power converter designs for low EMI and harmonics, including the effect of variable network operation and the interaction between interconnected sources and loads. Besides optimizing switching patterns and designing for low parasitics (especially in regard to this interaction and the mutual loading as unwanted secondary effects), the design of EMI filters has become more complex and critical. 

A particularly challenging phenomenon that is intermediate between harmonics and the so-called radiofrequency conducted emissions is that of supraharmonics, conventionally located in the 2 to 150 kHz frequency range: they follow the increasing switching frequency and feature a significant network penetration and potential issues of network resonance. The topic is particularly relevant considering on the one hand the increasing number of equipment connected to distribution grids which generate emissions in this frequency range, and on the other hand from the absence of comprehensive standards which, besides limits, indicate consistent measurement methods for the 2–150 kHz range. 

This Special Issue has the aim of motivating further research on power electronic converters for electromagnetic compatibility and power quality improvement, reviving the state-of-the-art, highlighting possible benefits of emerging power converter topologies, investigating mitigation techniques for EMI and harmonics, and developing procedures for the measurement and assessment in the supraharmonic frequency range. 

Original contributions including experimental validation are expected. The topics of interest include, but are not limited to:

  • Analysis and modelling of EMI and harmonics issues in power converters;
  • Design of novel power converters with reduced EMI and harmonics generation;
  • Design of mitigation techniques for EMI and harmonics reduction;
  • Design of power electronics systems with low parasitics;
  • Supraharmonics in low-voltage installations;
  • Measurement and assessment methods for the 2–150 kHz supraharmonic range.

Prof. Dr. Leonardo Sandrolini
Prof. Dr. Andrea Mariscotti
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Electronics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Electromagnetic compatibility
  • Electromagnetic interference
  • Harmonics
  • System level EMC
  • Power electronics EMC
  • EMC for E-mobility
  • Supraharmonics
  • EMC modelling
  • EMC measurements
  • EMI filters
  • EMC mitigation techniques.

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 7384 KiB  
Article
Waveform and Spectral Characteristics of Supraharmonic Unsymmetrical Conducted EMI of Switched-Mode Power Supplies
by Leonardo Sandrolini and Andrea Mariscotti
Electronics 2022, 11(4), 591; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics11040591 - 15 Feb 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1519
Abstract
Switched-mode power supplies (SMPSs) are a relevant and widespread source of unsymmetrical conducted emissions, as they feed various electrical appliances and information technology equipment in office and residential contexts and, despite their low power rating, the limits are the same as those of [...] Read more.
Switched-mode power supplies (SMPSs) are a relevant and widespread source of unsymmetrical conducted emissions, as they feed various electrical appliances and information technology equipment in office and residential contexts and, despite their low power rating, the limits are the same as those of larger equipment. Given the peculiar emission waveform (mixing impulsive components and switching components), assessment should be carried out with care to select parameters that guarantee both the detection of the maximum level of emissions and a high level of repeatability and reproducibility. A range of cases based on six different SMPS products was considered, exploring both time- and frequency-domain characteristics, and identifying the most relevant phenomena and advisable parameters choices. Typical behavior and suitable settings were exemplified with a range of measured emission records: the Fourier time window length and EMI receiver dwell time were considered, as well as the relevance of loading conditions to include in a comprehensive test program. Such records were made available in a linked dataset to allow for replication of the experiments and foster further findings and discussion. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electromagnetic Compatibility and Electromagnetic Interference in Power Electronic Converters)
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13 pages, 635 KiB  
Article
Electromagnetic Interference of Power Converter with Random Modulation on the Power Line Communication System
by Abduselam Hamid Beshir, Lu Wan, Flavia Grassi, Paolo Stefano Crovetti, Xiaokang Liu, Xinglong Wu, Waseem El Sayed, Giordano Spadacini and Sergio Amedeo Pignari
Electronics 2021, 10(23), 2979; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics10232979 - 30 Nov 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2181
Abstract
Random Pulse Width Modulation (RPWM) allows controlling the switching signal of power converters in order to reduce the harmonic peaks by spreading the noise spectrum. Currently, many manufacturers of power converters are deploying this modulation scheme in order to comply with Electromagnetic Compatibility [...] Read more.
Random Pulse Width Modulation (RPWM) allows controlling the switching signal of power converters in order to reduce the harmonic peaks by spreading the noise spectrum. Currently, many manufacturers of power converters are deploying this modulation scheme in order to comply with Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) test requirements. However, when the converters coexist with Power Line Communication (PLC) systems, such as in Smart Grid (SG) applications, resorting to RPWM needs further investigations since it potentially affects the communication channel by increasing the bit error rate. This possible detrimental effect is investigated in this work, by considering a PLC system for automatic meter reading (AMR) implemented in a SG application. To this end, the model of a complete PLC system is implemented in SIMULINK, and Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation is used to model the PLC modems in the communication channel. Results show that, even if the deployment of RPWM techniques may lead to an appreciable reduction/spreading of the peaks in the noise spectrum, it may also lead to an increase of the bit error rate on the PLC system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electromagnetic Compatibility and Electromagnetic Interference in Power Electronic Converters)
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17 pages, 5478 KiB  
Article
Reducing Conducted Emissions at the Output of Full-Bridge DCDC Converters with High Voltage Steps
by Pablo González-Vizuete, Joaquín Bernal-Méndez and María A. Martín-Prats
Electronics 2021, 10(12), 1373; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics10121373 - 08 Jun 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2880
Abstract
In this work, we analyze the impact of output filter design techniques aimed to reduce conducted emissions at the output of a DCDC power converter. A thorough analysis, based on high-frequency circuit models of the converter, is performed to assess expected improvements offered [...] Read more.
In this work, we analyze the impact of output filter design techniques aimed to reduce conducted emissions at the output of a DCDC power converter. A thorough analysis, based on high-frequency circuit models of the converter, is performed to assess expected improvements offered by different design strategies. This analysis is then confronted with measurements of conducted emissions at the output of a 300 W 48 V to 12 V Phase Shift Full Bridge (PSFB) prototype. Those experimental results demonstrate that a symmetric arrangement of the output LC filter and a direct bonding of the return output terminal of the converter to chassis are effective to reduce common mode conducted emissions at the output. Those results also demonstrate that the symmetry of the output LC filter can reduce conducted emissions in differential mode at high frequencies, where common mode to differential mode conversion is the predominant contribution to differential mode noise. However, direct bonding to chassis of the return output terminal may be ineffective at high frequencies due to the parasitic inductance associated with this connection. Main conclusions drawn for this analysis are applicable in general for isolated converters with a high voltage step between high and low voltage sides. Since the techniques of reduction of conducted emissions studied here do not increase the number of filter components, they are especially suitable for applications where high power density is an important requirement, e.g., aerospace or automotive applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electromagnetic Compatibility and Electromagnetic Interference in Power Electronic Converters)
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15 pages, 6685 KiB  
Article
Characterization of the Potential Effects of EMC Filters for Power Converters on Narrowband Power Line Communications
by Jon González-Ramos, Itziar Angulo, Igor Fernández, Amaia Arrinda and David de la Vega
Electronics 2021, 10(2), 152; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics10020152 - 12 Jan 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2926
Abstract
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) filters are one of the main solutions for dealing with the disturbances generated by power inverters. However, they show series/parallel resonances that introduce variations in the impedance seen from the grid. Consequently, in some cases, these filters have low impedances [...] Read more.
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) filters are one of the main solutions for dealing with the disturbances generated by power inverters. However, they show series/parallel resonances that introduce variations in the impedance seen from the grid. Consequently, in some cases, these filters have low impedances at resonance frequencies, which can affect Narrowband Power Line Communications (NB-PLC) due to notching effects. For that reason, the potential effects of four EMC filters on NB-PLC have been studied. Laboratory trials in a controlled environment have been carried out, in which the attenuation and the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) thresholds that define the communication’s quality have been studied. The results presented in this paper show that, although the variations of the channel frequency response are not selective enough to degrade the communication thresholds, the attenuation measured when the filter is connected near the receiver might be sufficiently high to be critical for the communications in some situations. Therefore, EMC filters might have a negative impact on NB-PLC that had not been previously considered. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electromagnetic Compatibility and Electromagnetic Interference in Power Electronic Converters)
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19 pages, 6401 KiB  
Article
Reduction of Electromagnetic Interference for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Using Random PWM Switching Method Based on Four-Switch Three-Phase Inverters
by Shunbin Wu, Xinhua Guo, Rongkun Wang, Yulong Liu, Liaoyuan Lin and Youjian Lei
Electronics 2020, 9(12), 1998; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics9121998 - 25 Nov 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2147
Abstract
The four-switch three-phase inverters have become an effective approach for fault-tolerant reconstruction and operation of the six-switch three-phase topology. However, the conventional control strategy for four-switch three-phase inverters can result in a large number of current harmonic components, high electromagnetic acoustic noise, and [...] Read more.
The four-switch three-phase inverters have become an effective approach for fault-tolerant reconstruction and operation of the six-switch three-phase topology. However, the conventional control strategy for four-switch three-phase inverters can result in a large number of current harmonic components, high electromagnetic acoustic noise, and electromagnetic interference (EMI). Therefore, this paper proposes a random switching frequency pulse width modulation method under the centrosymmetry period with a two-state Markov chain based on four-switch three-phase inverters (RSFPWM-CPTMC). In this method, random numbers are optimized and evenly distributed on both sides of the center frequency within a specific frequency bandwidth range, which significantly reduces the current harmonics and EMI at the switching frequency and frequency multiplication. The spectral characteristics generated by the random switching frequency under the centrosymmetry period with the two-state Markov chain are evaluated and compared to that provided by the traditional fixed switching frequency pulse width modulation (FSFPWM). Simulations and experiments are carried out to illustrate the superiority of the proposal. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electromagnetic Compatibility and Electromagnetic Interference in Power Electronic Converters)
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