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Electronics
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Innovative Antenna Technologies and Applications
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Innovative Antenna Technologies and Applications

A special issue of Electronics (ISSN 2079-9292). This special issue belongs to the section "Microwave and Wireless Communications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2021) | Viewed by 19795

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Raheel Hashmi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, New South Wales, Australia
Interests: artificial electromagnetic materials; innovative antennas; polymer-based antennas; microwave components; radio frequency sensing; directional antennas; wideband antennas; antenna arrays; flexible antennas; device-integrated antennas; high-gain antennas and arrays; pattern synthesis; additive manufacturing

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Modern times present us with unprecedented opportunities to seek interdisciplinary linkages between material sciences and electromagnetic engineering. The advancement of material synthesis, both at an organic level as well as at the macro level, lead us to explore and develop interesting concepts in antenna and sensing technologies. Innovative antenna technologies have been emerging in recent times, especially with the rise of new paradigms of wireless communications, including massive internet of things (IoT), smart living and ambient monitoring, satellite internet constellations, CubeSat networks, drone-based decentralised base stations, and agile backhaul networks for provisioning internet access to remote/rural areas. This Special Issue focuses on the analysis, design, development, and implementation of antennas and sensors relying on innovative materials and realisation technologies, with particular interest in unconventional applications. The scope of such antennas and applications includes, but is not limited to: 

  • Applications of additive manufacturing in high-frequency antennas and circuits;
  • Characterisation of polymer-type materials for applications in electromagnetics;
  • Antennas and sensors using innovative materials like fabric, conductive liquids, thin-film materials;
  • Foldable antennas and sensors;
  • Transparent antennas and sensors;
  • Self-healing antennas and sensors using liquid metals or similar technologies;
  • Static and reconfigurable microwave lenses and surfaces;
  • Deployable antennas and sensors for harsh environments such as space, terrestrial, or aquatic IoT.  

Dr. Raheel Hashmi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Electronics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Development and analyses of artificial 2D and 3D materials
  • Applications of additive manufacturing in high-frequency antennas and circuit
  • 3D printed millimetre-wave antennas and filter
  • Characterisation of polymer-type materials for applications in electromagnetic
  • Antennas and sensors using innovative materials like fabric, conductive liquids, thin-film materials
  • Foldable antennas and sensors
  • Transparent antennas and sensors
  • Self-healing antennas and sensors using liquid metals or similar technologies
  • Static and reconfigurable microwave lenses and surfaces
  • Deployable antennas and sensors for harsh environments such as space, terrestrial, or aquatic IoT

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 9465 KiB  
Article
Conductive Electrifi and Nonconductive NinjaFlex Filaments based Flexible Microstrip Antenna for Changing Conformal Surface Applications
by Dipankar Mitra, Sayan Roy, Ryan Striker, Ellie Burczek, Ahsan Aqueeb, Henry Wolf, Kazi Sadman Kabir, Shengrong Ye and Benjamin D. Braaten
Electronics 2021, 10(7), 821; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics10070821 - 30 Mar 2021
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 5109
Abstract
As the usage of wireless technology grows, it demands more complex architectures and conformal geometries, making the manufacturing of radio frequency (RF) systems challenging and expensive. The incorporation of emerging alternative manufacturing technologies, like additive manufacturing (AM), could consequently be a unique and [...] Read more.
As the usage of wireless technology grows, it demands more complex architectures and conformal geometries, making the manufacturing of radio frequency (RF) systems challenging and expensive. The incorporation of emerging alternative manufacturing technologies, like additive manufacturing (AM), could consequently be a unique and cost-effective solution for flexible RF and microwave circuits and devices. This work presents manufacturing methodologies of 3D-printed conformal microstrip antennas made of a commercially available conductive filament, Electrifi, as the conductive trace on a commercially available nonconductive filament, NinjaFlex, as the substrate using the fused filament fabrication (FFF) method of AM technology. Additionally, a complete high frequency characterization of the prototyped antenna was studied and presented here through a comparative analysis between full-wave simulation and measurements in a fully calibrated anechoic chamber. The prototyped antenna measures 65.55 × 55.55 × 1.2 mm3 in size and the measured results show that the 3D-printed Electrifi based patch antenna achieved very good impedance matching at a resonant frequency of 2.4 GHz and a maximum antenna gain of −2.78 dBi. Finally, conformality performances of the developed antenna were demonstrated by placing the antenna prototype on five different cylindrical curved surfaces for possible implementation in flexible electronics, smart communications, and radar applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Antenna Technologies and Applications)
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15 pages, 3921 KiB  
Article
A 28 GHz Broadband Helical Inspired End-Fire Antenna and Its MIMO Configuration for 5G Pattern Diversity Applications
by Hijab Zahra, Wahaj Abbas Awan, Wael Abd Ellatif Ali, Niamat Hussain, Syed Muzahir Abbas and Subhas Mukhopadhyay
Electronics 2021, 10(4), 405; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics10040405 - 07 Feb 2021
Cited by 63 | Viewed by 4686
Abstract
In this paper, an end-fire antenna for 28 GHz broadband communications is proposed with its multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) configuration for pattern diversity applications in 5G communication systems and the Internet of Things (IoT). The antenna comprises a simple geometrical structure inspired by a conventional [...] Read more.
In this paper, an end-fire antenna for 28 GHz broadband communications is proposed with its multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) configuration for pattern diversity applications in 5G communication systems and the Internet of Things (IoT). The antenna comprises a simple geometrical structure inspired by a conventional planar helical antenna without utilizing any vias. The presented antenna is printed on both sides of a very thin high-frequency substrate (Rogers RO4003, εr = 3.38) with a thickness of 0.203 mm. Moreover, its MIMO configuration is characterized by reasonable gain, high isolation, good envelope correlation coefficient, broad bandwidth, and high diversity gain. To verify the performance of the proposed antenna, it was fabricated and verified by experimental measurements. Notably, the antenna offers a wide −10 dB measured impedance ranging from 26.25 GHz to 30.14 GHz, covering the frequency band allocated for 5G communication systems with a measured peak gain of 5.83 dB. Furthermore, a performance comparison with the state-of-the-art mm-wave end-fire antennas in terms of operational bandwidth, electrical size, and various MIMO performance parameters shows the worth of the proposed work. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Antenna Technologies and Applications)
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12 pages, 2026 KiB  
Article
Increasing the Directivity of Resonant Cavity Antennas with Nearfield Transformation Meta-Structure Realized with Stereolithograpy
by Sujan Shrestha, Hijab Zahra, Muhammad Ali Babar Abbasi, Mohsen Asadnia and Syed Muzahir Abbas
Electronics 2021, 10(3), 333; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics10030333 - 01 Feb 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 1850
Abstract
A simple, nearfield transformation meta-structure is proposed to increase the directivity of resonant cavity antennas (RCA). The meta-structure is comprised of 14 × 14 meta-atoms or so called “unit-cells”, adding localized phase delays in the aperture of the RCA and thus increasing its [...] Read more.
A simple, nearfield transformation meta-structure is proposed to increase the directivity of resonant cavity antennas (RCA). The meta-structure is comprised of 14 × 14 meta-atoms or so called “unit-cells”, adding localized phase delays in the aperture of the RCA and thus increasing its broadside directivity. A prototype of the meta-structure is additively manufactured using the stereolithograpy process and has a profile of 0.56λ. With the meta-structure integrated with the RCA, it demonstrates a measured broadside directivity of 20.15 dBi without affecting its half-power directivity bandwidth. Benefiting from additive manufacturing, the proposed approach is a simple, light-weight, low-cost, and planar approach that can be tailored to achieve medium-to-high gains with RCAs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Antenna Technologies and Applications)
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12 pages, 1525 KiB  
Article
A Horn Antenna Covered with a 3D-Printed Metasurface for Gain Enhancement
by Sujan Shrestha, Affan A. Baba, Syed Muzahir Abbas, Mohsen Asadnia and Raheel M. Hashmi
Electronics 2021, 10(2), 119; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics10020119 - 08 Jan 2021
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 3791
Abstract
A simple metasurface integrated with horn antenna exhibiting wide bandwidth, covering full Ku-band using 3D printing is presented. It consists of a 3D-printed horn and a 3D-printed phase transformation surface placed at the horn aperture. Considering the non-uniform wavefront of 3D printed horn, [...] Read more.
A simple metasurface integrated with horn antenna exhibiting wide bandwidth, covering full Ku-band using 3D printing is presented. It consists of a 3D-printed horn and a 3D-printed phase transformation surface placed at the horn aperture. Considering the non-uniform wavefront of 3D printed horn, the proposed 3D-printed phase transformation surface is configured by unit cells, consisting of a cube in the centre which is supported by perpendicular cylindrical rods from its sides. Placement of proposed surface helps to improve the field over the horn aperture, resulting in lower phase variations. Both simulated and measured results show good radiation characteristics with lower side lobe levels in both E- and H-planes. Additionally, there is an overall increment in directivity with peak measured directivity up to 24.8 dBi and improvement in aperture efficiency of about 35% to 72% in the frequency range from 10–18 GHz. The total weight of the proposed antenna is about 345.37 g, which is significantly light weight. Moreover, it is a low cost and raid manufacturing solution using 3D printing technology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Antenna Technologies and Applications)
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17 pages, 4989 KiB  
Article
Design of Circularly Polarized Triple-Band Wearable Textile Antenna with Safe Low SAR for Human Health
by Ashok Yadav, Vinod Kumar Singh, Pranay Yadav, Amit Kumar Beliya, Akash Kumar Bhoi and Paolo Barsocchi
Electronics 2020, 9(9), 1366; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/electronics9091366 - 23 Aug 2020
Cited by 37 | Viewed by 3541
Abstract
In this manuscript, an antenna on textile (jeans) substrate is presented for the WLAN, C band and X/Ku band. This is a wearable textile antenna, which was formed on jeans fabric substrate to reduce surface-wave losses. The proposed antenna design consists of a [...] Read more.
In this manuscript, an antenna on textile (jeans) substrate is presented for the WLAN, C band and X/Ku band. This is a wearable textile antenna, which was formed on jeans fabric substrate to reduce surface-wave losses. The proposed antenna design consists of a patch and a defected ground. To energize the wearable textile antenna, a microstrip line feed technique is used in the design. The impedance band width of 23.37% (3.4–4.3 GHz), 56.48% (4.7–8.4 GHz) and 31.14% (10.3–14.1 GHz) frequency bands are observed, respectively. The axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) of 10.10% (4.7–5.2 GHz), 4.95% (5.9–6.2 GHz) and 10.44% (11.8–13.1 GHz) frequency bands are observed, respectively. A peak gain of 4.85 dBi is analyzed at 4.1-GHz frequency during the measurement. The SAR value was calculated to observe the radiation effect and it was found that its utmost SAR value is 1.8418 W/kg and 1.919 W/kg at 5.2/5.5-GHz frequencies, which is less than 2 W/kg of 10 gm tissue. The parametric study is performed for the validation of the proper functioning of the antenna. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Antenna Technologies and Applications)
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